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| List of Illustrations | |
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| System of Transliteration and Dating | |
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| Preface | |
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| Introduction: A Sea with Many Names | |
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| The First Mediterranean, 22000 BC-1000 BC | |
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| Isolation and Insulation, 22000 BC-3000 BC | |
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| Copper and Bronze, 3000 BC-1000 BC | |
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| Merchants and Heroes, 1500 BC-1250 BC | |
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| Sea Peoples and Land Peoples, 1250 BC-1100 BC | |
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| The Second Mediterranean, 1000 BC-AD 600 | |
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| The Purple Traders, 1000 BC-700 BC | |
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| The Heirs of Odysseus, 800 BC-550 BC | |
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| The Triumph of the Tyrrhenians, 800 BC-400 BC | |
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| Towards the Garden of the Hesperides, 1000 BC-400 BC | |
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| Thalassocracies, 550 BC-400 BC | |
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| The Lighthouse of the Mediterranean, 350 BC-100 BC | |
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| 'Carthage Must Be Destroyed', 400 BC-146 BC | |
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| 'Our Sea', 146 BC-AD 150 | |
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| Old and New Faiths, AD 1-450 | |
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| Dis-integration, 400-600 | |
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| The Third Mediterranean, 600-1350 | |
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| Mediterranean Troughs, 600-900 | |
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| Crossing the Boundaries between Christendom and Islam, 900-1050 | |
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| The Great Sea-change, 1000-1100 | |
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| 'The Profit That God Shall Give', 1100-1200 | |
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| Ways across the Sea, 1160-1185 | |
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| The Fall and Rise of Empires, 1130-1260 | |
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| Merchants, Mercenaries and Missionaries, 1220-1300 | |
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| Serrata - Closing, 1291-1350 | |
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| The Fourth Mediterranean, 1350-1830 | |
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| Would-be Roman Emperors, 1350-1480 | |
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| Transformations in the West, 1391-1500 | |
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| Holy Leagues and Unholy Alliances, 1500-1550 | |
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| Akdeniz - the Battle for the White Sea, 1550-1571 | |
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| Interlopers in the Mediterranean, 1571-1650 | |
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| Diasporas in Despair, 1560-1700 | |
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| Encouragement to Others, 1650-1780 | |
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| The View through the Russian Prism, 1760-1805 | |
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| Deys, Beys and Bashaws, 1800-1830 | |
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| The Fifth Mediterranean, 1830-2010 | |
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| Ever the Twain Shall Meet, 1830-1900 | |
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| The Greek and the unGreek, 1830-1920 | |
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| Ottoman Exit, 1900-1918 | |
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| A Tale of Four and a Half Cities, 1900-1950 | |
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| Mare Nostrum - Again, 1918-1945 | |
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| A Fragmented Mediterranean, 1945-1990 | |
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| The Last Mediterranean, 1950-2010 | |
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| Conclusion: Crossing the Sea | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Notes | |
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| Index | |