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Preface | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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List of Plates | |
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List of Figures | |
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List of Map and Tables | |
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Abbreviations of Library and Archive Locations | |
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Other Abbreviations | |
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The 'Radical Enlightenment' | |
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Introduction | |
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Radical Thought in the Early Enlightenment | |
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The 'Crisis of the European Mind' | |
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Government and Philosophy | |
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The Advent of Cartesianism | |
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Cartesianism in Central Europe | |
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The New Philosophy conquers Scandinavia and the Baltic | |
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France: Philosophy and Royal Absolutism | |
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Reaction in the Italian States | |
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Society, Institutions, Revolution | |
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Philosophy and the Social Hierarchy | |
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Shaftesbury, Radicati, Vauvenargues | |
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The Revolutionary Impulse | |
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Women, Philosophy, and Sexuality | |
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The Emancipation of Women | |
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Conversational Freedom; Sexual Freedom | |
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Censorship and Culture | |
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French Royal Censorship | |
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Philosophy and Censorship in Central Europe | |
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Philosophy and Censorship in Southern Europe | |
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Freedom of Thought, Expression, and of the Press | |
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Libraries and Enlightenment | |
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The Universal Library | |
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The Crisis of the Universities | |
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Shelving the Two Enlightenments | |
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Lexicons and Dictionnaires | |
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The Early Enlightenment in National Context | |
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The Learned Journals | |
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Changing Europe's Intellectual Culture | |
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The Journals and the Radical Enlightenment | |
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The Rise of Philosophical Radicalism | |
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Spinoza | |
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Van den Enden: Philosophy, Democracy, and Egalitarianism | |
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Democratic Republicanism | |
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Revolutionary Conspiracy | |
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Radicalism and the People: The Brothers Koerbagh | |
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The Theologian-Philosopher, Johannes Koerbagh (1634-1672) | |
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The Bloemhof | |
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The Trial of the Brothers Koerbagh | |
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Philosophy, the Interpreter of Scripture | |
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Lodewijk Meyer (1629-1681) | |
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The Philosophia | |
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The Wolzogen Disputes | |
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The 'New Religion' of Philosophy | |
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The Philosophia in England | |
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German and Scandinavian Reverberations | |
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Miracles Denied | |
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Spinoza's System | |
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Spinoza, Science, and the Scientists | |
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Radical Thought and the Scientific Revolution | |
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Spinoza and Huygens | |
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Spinoza versus Boyle | |
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Philosophy, Politics, and the Liberation of Man | |
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In Search of 'Freedom' | |
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Monarchy Overturned | |
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Spinoza, Locke, and the Enlightenment Struggle for Toleration | |
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Equality and the Quest for 'Natural Man' | |
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Publishing a Banned Philosophy | |
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The Tractatus Theologico-Politicus | |
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The Battle of the Ethics | |
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The Spread of a Forbidden Movement | |
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The Death of a Philosopher | |
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Lucas, Saint-Glain, and The Hague Coterie | |
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The Rise of Dutch Spinozism | |
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Philopater | |
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Dutch Radicalism at the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century | |
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Europe and the 'New' Intellectual Controversies (1680-1720) | |
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Bayle and the 'Virtuous Atheist' | |
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The Bredenburg Disputes | |
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Fontenelle and the War of the Oracles | |
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The Death of the Devil | |
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From Van Dale to Bekker | |
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The Public Furore | |
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Churches Divided | |
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The European Diffusion | |
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Leenhof and the 'Universal Philosophical Religion' | |
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Frederik van Leenhof (1647-1713) | |
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Heaven on Earth | |
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The Politics of Philosophy | |
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The Leenhof Controversy in the Netherlands, Germany, and the Baltic | |
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The 'Nature of God' Controversy (1710-1720) | |
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The Intellectual Counter-Offensive | |
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New Theological Strategies | |
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Theology and the Revolution in Bible Criticism | |
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Physico-Theology | |
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Le Clerc, Limborch, and Locke | |
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From the 'Rationalization' to the 'Irrationalization' of Religion | |
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The Collapse of Cartesianism | |
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Empiricism | |
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Deadlock in France | |
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Regis and the Failure of French Cartesianism | |
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Leibniz and the Radical Enlightenment | |
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Early Encounters | |
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Leibniz, Steno, and the Radical Challenge (1676-1680) | |
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Leibniz and the 'War of Philosophies' | |
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Anglomania: The 'Triumph' of Newton and Locke | |
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Europe Embraces English Ideas | |
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Locke, Newtonianism, and Enlightenment | |
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The Intellectual Drama in Spain and Portugal | |
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Germany and the Baltic: the 'War of the Philosophers' | |
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Deepening Philosophical Crisis | |
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The Wolffian Controversies (1723-1740) | |
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Wolff and the Rise of German Deism | |
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Wolffianism versus Newtonianism in the Baltic | |
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The Clandestine Progress of the Radical Enlightenment (1680-1750) | |
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Boulainvilliers and the Rise of French Deism | |
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French Refugee Deists in Exile | |
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The Flight to Holland | |
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Gueudeville and Lahontan | |
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Antagonist of Voltaire: Saint-Hyacinthe (1684-1746) | |
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The Marquis d'Argens (1703-1771) | |
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The Spinozistic Novel in French | |
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English Deism and Europe | |
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The Deist Challenge | |
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John Toland (1670-1722) | |
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Anthony Collins (1676-1729) | |
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Matthew Tindal (c.1657-1733) | |
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Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733) | |
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Germany: The Radical Aufklarung | |
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Initial Reaction | |
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Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (1651-1708) | |
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Friedrich Wilhelm Stosch (1648-1704) | |
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Spinoza and Cabbala: Wachter and Spaeth | |
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Theodor Ludwig Lau (1670-1740) | |
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Schmidt and the Maturing of German Spinozism | |
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Johann Christian Edelmann (1698-1767) | |
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The Radical Impact in Italy | |
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Giambattista Vico (1668-1744) | |
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Paolo Mattia Doria (1662-1746) | |
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Pietro Giannone (1676-1748) | |
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Radical Thought in Venice | |
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The Clandestine Philosophical Manuscripts | |
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Categories | |
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L'Esprit de Spinosa | |
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Despotism, Islam, and the Politicization of Superstition | |
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From La Mettrie to Diderot | |
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Materialism | |
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Diderot | |
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Epilogue: Rousseau, Radicalism, Revolution | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |