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| Prologue | |
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| Historical introduction | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Chemical bonds | |
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| The ionic model | |
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| Quantum mechanics | |
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| The symmetry model | |
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| Topological models | |
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| Pauling's electrostatic valence model | |
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| Theory | |
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| The ionic bond | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Crystal energy and the Coulomb field | |
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| How are the atom fragments chosen? | |
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| The Madelung field of a crystal | |
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| Bond networks and bond graphs | |
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| Coordination number | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| The bond valence model | |
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| Experimental bond valences and bond lengths | |
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| Empirical network equations | |
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| The bond valence model | |
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| The distortion theorem | |
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| Bond networks with non-bipartite graphs | |
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| Chemistry | |
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| Anion and cation bonding strengths | |
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| Bond graphs and coordination number | |
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| Anion bonding strength | |
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| Cation bonding strength | |
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| The valence matching principle | |
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| Hard and soft acids and bases | |
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| Applications of the valence matching principle | |
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| Liquids | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Cation and anion bonding strength of water | |
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| Reactions of cations with water | |
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| Reactions of anions with water | |
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| Aqueous solubility | |
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| Aqueous solutions of soft ions | |
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| Non-aqueous solutions and melts | |
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| Cation coordination number | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Anion-anion repulsion | |
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| The strength of the anions | |
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| Other factors | |
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| Applying the different effects | |
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| Hydrogen bonds | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The role of anion-anion repulsion | |
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| The normal hydrogen bond | |
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| Strong hydrogen bonds | |
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| Weak hydrogen bonds | |
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| The structural chemistry of hydrogen bonds | |
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| Other types of hydrogen bonds | |
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| Assigning experimental bond valences to hydrogen bonds | |
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| Electronically distorted structures | |
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| The origins of electronic distortion | |
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| Non-bonding valence shell electrons | |
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| Transition metals | |
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| Jahn-Teller distorted cations | |
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| Transition-metal cations with empty or near-empty d shells | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Physical properties of bonds | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Bond lengths and bond angles | |
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| Bond force constants and thermal vibrations | |
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| Thermal expansion | |
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| The variation of R[subscript 0] with temperature | |
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| Solids | |
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| Space and space groups | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The crystal lattice and translational symmetry | |
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| Space groups | |
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| Special positions | |
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| Matching the special positions to the chemistry | |
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| The symmetry of bonded neighbours | |
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| Summary | |
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| Modelling inorganic structures | |
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| The problem of a priori modelling | |
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| Determining the topology | |
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| Space-based approaches | |
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| Chemistry-based approaches | |
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| Valence maps | |
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| Refining the geometry | |
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| Modelling defect structures | |
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| Modelling glasses | |
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| Summary | |
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| Lattic-induced strain | |
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| The origins of lattice-induced strain | |
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| Structures with lattice-induced strain | |
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| Relaxation of lattice-induced strains | |
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| Relaxation of the geometry | |
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| Relaxation by defects | |
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| Electronic relaxation | |
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| Relaxation of symmetry--displacive phase transitions | |
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| Changing the bond graph--reconstructive phase transitions | |
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| Incommensurate structures | |
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| Summary | |
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| Applications and implications | |
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| Applications | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Crystallography | |
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| Structure solution | |
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| Analysis of crystal structures | |
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| Physics | |
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| Perovskite-related solids | |
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| Electrical properties | |
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| Magnetic properties | |
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| Grain boundaries | |
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| Mineralogy | |
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| Soil chemistry | |
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| Zeolites | |
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| Glasses | |
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| Chemistry | |
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| Nuclear magnetic resonance | |
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| Transition-metal complexes | |
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| Heterogeneous catalysis | |
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| Esterification and hydrolysis | |
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| Biology | |
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| Enzymes | |
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| Calcium and sodium binding by proteins | |
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| Databases | |
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| Chemical implications of the bond valence model | |
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| Why is the bond valence model so robust? | |
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| The attractive force | |
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| The repulsive force | |
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| Two-body potential models | |
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| The properties of the bond graph | |
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| The Lewis electron-pair model | |
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| Why are cations different from anions? | |
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| Orbital models | |
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| Electron density models | |
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| The topology of the Madelung field | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Bond valence parameters | |
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| Space group spectra | |
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| Solution of the network equations | |
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| Cation and anion bonding strengths | |
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| References to the ICSD and the CSD | |
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| References | |
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| List of symbols | |
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| Index | |