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| Preface | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Foundations Of Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Basic Definitions | |
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| Considerations for Definitions | |
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| Approaches to Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Theoretical Approaches | |
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| Disciplinary Approaches | |
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| Methodological Approaches | |
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| Nonverbal Functions and Subcodes | |
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| Touch and Space | |
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| Physical Appearance | |
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| Body Movements and Gestures | |
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| Vocalics | |
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| Covert Body/Temporal Communication | |
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| Nonverbal Functions | |
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| Nonverbal Communication and Perception | |
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| Process Structure | |
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| Age | |
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| Culture and Race | |
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| Status | |
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| Gender | |
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| Methods Of Nonverbal Communication Research | |
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| Nonverbal Research | |
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| Review of Literature | |
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| Theoretical Perspective | |
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| Methodology | |
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| Data Collection | |
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| Data Analysis and Application | |
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| Limitations of Nonverbal Communication Research | |
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| An Example of Context | |
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| Studies And Subcodes | |
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| Haptics (Touch) | |
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| Animal Studies | |
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| Tactile Development and Humans | |
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| Types and Functions of Touch | |
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| Factors Influencing Touch | |
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| Frequency of Contact | |
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| Violations of Haptic Expectations | |
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| Substitutes for 'Real Touch' | |
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| Functional Approach to Touch | |
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| Proxemics (Personal Space) | |
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| Proxemics | |
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| Personal Space | |
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| Classification Schemes | |
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| Definitions and Need | |
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| Factors Influencing Distancing Expectations | |
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| Age Differences | |
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| Sex Differences | |
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| Cultural Differences | |
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| Racial Differences | |
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| Status, Personality, and Liking | |
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| Environmental Structuring | |
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| Violations of Personal Space | |
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| Other Violations | |
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| Functions of Personal Space | |
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| Proxemics (Territory And Environment) | |
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| Territory | |
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| Animal Correlates of Territoriality | |
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| Human Correlates of Territoriality | |
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| Territorial Claims | |
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| Purposes of Territory | |
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| Environment | |
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| Room Color and Aesthetic Appreciation | |
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| Room Size and Shape | |
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| Temperature and Humidity | |
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| Environmental Structuring | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Functions of Territory and the Environment | |
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| Physical Appearance: Impressions Of The Body | |
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| Physical Attractiveness | |
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| Social Interaction | |
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| Sex Appeal | |
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| The Body | |
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| Body Shape | |
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| Weight and Attitude | |
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| Body Image | |
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| Stigma | |
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| Functions | |
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| Body Alterations And Coverings | |
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| Body Alterations | |
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| Hair and Hairstyles | |
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| The Skin: Cosmetics and Colorings Additions | |
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| Tattoos, Body Piercing, and Branding | |
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| Clothing | |
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| Purposes of Clothing | |
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| Functions of Clothing | |
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| Clothing and Success | |
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| Accessories | |
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| Functions | |
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| Kinesics: The Study Of Human Body Movements | |
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| Principles | |
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| Putting Principles to Work | |
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| Categories in Kinesics | |
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| Birdwhistell's Linguistic Analogy | |
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| Morris' Derivation System | |
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| Mehrabian's Functional Approach | |
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| Ekman and Friesen's Cumulative Structure | |
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| Functions | |
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| A Practical Functional Approach To Kinesics | |
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| Variables that Influence Kinesics | |
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| Culture | |
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| Sex/Gender | |
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| Left- and Right-Handedness | |
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| Relationship with Language | |
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| Decoding | |
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| Functions | |
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| Identification and Self-Presentation | |
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| Control of the Interaction | |
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| Relationship of Interactants | |
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| Display of Cognitive Information | |
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| Display of Affective Information | |
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| Deception and Leakage | |
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| Vocalics (Paralanguage) | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Sound and Its Attributes | |
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| Paravocal Communication | |
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| Vocalic Functions | |
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| The 'Normal' Conversation | |
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| Identification and Self-Preservation | |
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| Controlling Interaction | |
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| Regulating the Conversation | |
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| Relationship of Interactants | |
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| Display of Cognitive Information | |
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| Display of Affective Information | |
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| Deception | |
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| Other Encoding and Decoding Aspects of Vocalics | |
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| The Covert Subcodes: Biofeedback, Olfaction, And Chronemics | |
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| Feedback Systems | |
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| Gustatory Systems | |
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| Biofeedback Systems | |
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| Mood and Emotion | |
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| Olfaction | |
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| What Is Olfaction? | |
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| Olfactory Processes | |
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| Olfactory Identification | |
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| Olfactory Influence | |
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| Olfactory Memory | |
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| Time (Chronemics) | |
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| The Structure of Time | |
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| Bruneau's Chronemic Structures | |
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| Culture and Time | |
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| Applications | |
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| Nonverbal Communication In Social Situations | |
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| Meeting Others | |
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| General Characteristics | |
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| Intimate Behavior | |
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| Environment, Proxemics, Chronemics | |
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| Cross-Sex Friendships | |
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| Same-Sex Relationships | |
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| Male-Male Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Female-Female Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Nonverbal Communication In The Family | |
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| The Home | |
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| Spatiotemporal Dimensions | |
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| Kinesic Factors | |
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| Vocalic Factors | |
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| Physical Appearance | |
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| Review | |
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| Nonverbal Communication in the Marriage and Committed Relationships | |
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| Environmental Factors | |
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| Space | |
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| Touch | |
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| Kinesics and Vocalics | |
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| Chronemics | |
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| Physical Appearance | |
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| The Expanding Family--Children and the Family Relationship | |
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| Nonverbal Communication in Children | |
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| Nonverbal Communication with the Elderly | |
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| Environment and Space | |
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| Touch | |
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| Vocalics | |
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| Physical Appearance | |
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| Kinesics | |
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| Chronemics and Olfaction | |
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| Review | |
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| Nonverbal Communication At Work | |
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| Nonverbal Relational Messages | |
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| General Nonverbal Considerations | |
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| Spatiotemporal Dimensions | |
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| Overt Body Dimensions | |
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| Physical Appearance | |
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| Impression Management | |
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| Review | |
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| The Performance Appraisal Interview | |
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| Nonverbal Interaction in Particular Professions | |
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| The Teacher in the Classroom | |
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| The Attorney in Court | |
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| The Business Person in a Leadership Position | |
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| The Future Of Nonverbal Communication | |
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| What We Know About Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Where is the Study of Nonverbal Communication Going? | |
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| General Review | |
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| References | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |