| |
| |
| |
| From Human Origins to Early Agricultural Centers, Prehistory-10,000 B.C.E. | |
| |
| |
| |
| The African Origins of Humanity, Prehistory to 10,000 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Origins of Humanity | |
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| |
| Hominins: No Longer Apes but not yet Human | |
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| |
| Human Adaptations: From Africa to Eurasia and Australia | |
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| |
| The African Origins of Human Culture | |
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| |
| Migration from South Asia to Australia | |
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| |
| Migration from South Asia to Europe | |
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| |
| The Ice Age Crisis and Human Migration to the Americas | |
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| The Ice Age | |
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| |
| Agrarian-Urban Centers of the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean, 11,500-600 B.C.E | |
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| Agrarian Origins in the Fertile Crescent, c. 11,500-1,500 B.C.E | |
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| |
| Sedentary Foragers and Foraging Farmers | |
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| |
| The Origins of Urban Centers in Mesopotamia and Egypt | |
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| Kingdoms in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Crete | |
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| |
| Interactions Among Multi-Ethnic and Multi-Religious Empires, c. 1500-600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Hittite and Assyrian Empires, 1600-600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Small Kingdoms on the Imperial Margins, 1600-600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Religious Experience and Cultural Achievements | |
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| |
| |
| Shifting Agrarian Centers in India, 3000-600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Vanished Origins of Harappa 3000 to 1500 B.C.E | |
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| |
| The Region and People | |
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| |
| Adapting to Urban Life in the Indus Valley | |
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| |
| The Collapse of the Cities | |
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| |
| Interactions in Northern India 1500 to 600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Vedic World, 1750 to 800 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Statecraft and the Ideology of Power, 800 to 600 B.C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Indian Society, Culture, and Religion 1500 to 600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Society and Family in Ancient India | |
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| |
| Cultural Interactions to 600 B.C.E. | |
| |
| |
| |
| Agrarian Patterns and the Mandate of Heaven in Ancient China, 5000-481 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Origins of Yellow River Cultures, 5000 to 1766 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Geography and Climate | |
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| |
| The Origins of Neolithic Cultures | |
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| |
| The Age of Myth and the Xia Dynasty, 2852 to 1766 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Interactions of Shang and Zhou History and Politics, 1766 to 481 B.C.E. | |
| |
| |
| The Shang Dynasty, 1766 to 1122 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Mandate of Heaven: The Zhou Dynasty to 481 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Economy, Society, and Family Adaptation in Ancient China | |
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| |
| Shang Society | |
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| |
| Interactions of Zhou Economy and Society | |
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| |
| Gender and the Family | |
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| |
| Interactions of Religion, Culture, and Intellectual Life in Ancient China | |
| |
| |
| Oracle Bones and Early Chinese Writing | |
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| |
| Adaptations of Zhou Religion, Technology, and Culture | |
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| |
| |
| Origins Apart: The Americas and Oceania, 30,000-600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| The Americas: Hunters and Foragers 30,000 B.C.E. to 600 B.C.E. | |
| |
| |
| The Environment | |
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| |
| Human Migrations | |
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| |
| Agriculture, Villages, and Urban Life | |
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| |
| The Neolithic Revolution in the New World | |
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| |
| The Origins of Urban Life | |
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| |
| Foraging and Farming Societies outside the Andes and Mesoamerica | |
| |
| |
| The Origins of Pacific Island Migrations 6000 to 600 B.C.E. | |
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| |
| Lapita and Cultural Origins | |
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| |
| Creating Polynesia | |
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| |
| |
| The Age of Empires and Visionaries, 600 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. | |
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| |
| |
| Chiefdoms and Early States in Africa and the Americas, 600 B.C.E.-600 C.E. | |
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| |
| Agriculture and Early African Kingdoms | |
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| |
| Saharan Villages, Towns, and Kingdoms | |
| |
| |
| The Kingdom of Aksum | |
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| |
| The Spread of Villages in Sub-Saharan Africa | |
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| |
| West African Savanna and Rainforest Agriculture | |
| |
| |
| The Spread of Village Life to East and South Africa | |
| |
| |
| Patterns of African History, 600 B.C.E.-600 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Early States in Mesoamerica: Maya Kingdoms and Teotihuac�n | |
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| |
| The Maya Kingdoms in Southern Mesoamerica | |
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| |
| The Kingdom of Teotihuac�n in the Mexican Basin | |
| |
| |
| The Andes: Moche and Nazca | |
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| |
| The Moche in Northern Peru | |
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| |
| Paracas and the Nazca in Southern Peru | |
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| |
| |
| Persia, Greece, and Rome, 550 B.C.E.-600 C.E. | |
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| |
| Interactions between Persia and Greece | |
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| |
| The Origins of the Achaemenid Persian Empire | |
| |
| |
| Greek City-States in the Persian Shadow | |
| |
| |
| Alexander's Empire and Its Successor Kingdoms | |
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| |
| Interactions Between the Persian and Roman Empires | |
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| |
| Parthian Persia and Rome | |
| |
| |
| The Sasanian Persian and Late Roman Empires | |
| |
| |
| Adaptations to Monotheism in the Middle East | |
| |
| |
| Challenge to Polytheism: The Origins of Judaism, Zoroastrianism, and Greek Philosophy | |
| |
| |
| Toward Religious Communities and Philosophical Schools | |
| |
| |
| The Beginnings of Science and the Cultures of Kings and Citizens | |
| |
| |
| The Sciences at the Museum of Alexandria | |
| |
| |
| Royal Persian Culture | |
| |
| |
| Greek and Roman Civic Culture | |
| |
| |
| |
| Empires and Visionaries in India, 600 B.C.E.-600 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Patterns of State Formation in India: Republics, Kingdoms, and Empires | |
| |
| |
| The Road to Empire: The Mauryas | |
| |
| |
| The Classical Age: The Gupta Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Southern Kingdoms, ca. 300 to 600 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| The Vedic Tradition and Its Visionary Reformers | |
| |
| |
| Reforming the Vedic Tradition | |
| |
| |
| The Maturity of Hinduism: From the Abstract to the Devotional | |
| |
| |
| Stability Amid Disorder: Economics, Family, and Society | |
| |
| |
| Tax and Spend: Economics and Society | |
| |
| |
| Caste, Family Life, and Gender | |
| |
| |
| Strength in Numbers: Art, Literature, and Science | |
| |
| |
| |
| Imperial Unification and Perfecting the Moral Order in China, 722 B.C.E.-618 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Visionaries and Empire | |
| |
| |
| Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism | |
| |
| |
| The Qin Dynasty | |
| |
| |
| The Han Dynasty | |
| |
| |
| The Domestic Economy: Society, Family, and Gender | |
| |
| |
| Industry and Commerce | |
| |
| |
| Gender Roles | |
| |
| |
| Intellectual Trends, Aesthetics, Science, and Technology | |
| |
| |
| Confucianism, Education, and History during the Han | |
| |
| |
| Buddhism in China | |
| |
| |
| Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| From Regional Empires to Religious Civilizations, 600-1450 C.E. | |
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| |
| |
| Islamic Civilization and Byzantium, 600-1300 | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Arab Dominance in the Middle East and Mediterranean | |
| |
| |
| From Rome and Persia to the Arab Empire | |
| |
| |
| From the Arab Empire to Islamic Civilization | |
| |
| |
| Byzantium: Survival and Recovery | |
| |
| |
| Islamic Civilization in the Commonwealth of Dynastic States, 900-1300 | |
| |
| |
| Islamic and Eastern Christian Civilizations at their Height | |
| |
| |
| State and Society in Mamluk Egypt | |
| |
| |
| Commercial Relations from the Atlantic to the South China Sea | |
| |
| |
| Religion, Sciences, and the Arts in Two Religious Civilizations | |
| |
| |
| Islamic Culture: Intellectual and Scientific Expressions | |
| |
| |
| Artistic Expressions in Islamic Civilization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Origins of the Western Christian World, 600-1400 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| The Formation of Christian Europe: 600-1000 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Frankish Gaul and Latin Christianity | |
| |
| |
| Recovery, Reform, and Innovation: 1000-1300 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| The Political Recovery of Europe | |
| |
| |
| The Economic and Social Recovery of Europe | |
| |
| |
| Religious Reform and Expansion | |
| |
| |
| Intellectual and Cultural Developments | |
| |
| |
| Crisis and Creativity: 1300-1415 | |
| |
| |
| The Calamitous Fourteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| Signs of a New Era in the Fifteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| |
| Contrasting Patterns in India and China, 600-1600 | |
| |
| |
| India: The Clash of Cultures | |
| |
| |
| India after the Guptas | |
| |
| |
| Islam in India, 711-1398 | |
| |
| |
| Toward the Mughal Era, 1398-1450 | |
| |
| |
| Interactions and Adaptations: From Buddhism to Neo-Confucian Synthesis in China | |
| |
| |
| Creating a Religious Civilization under the Tang | |
| |
| |
| The Song and Yuan Dynasties, 960 to 1368 | |
| |
| |
| The Ming to 1450: The Quest for Stability | |
| |
| |
| Society, Family and Gender | |
| |
| |
| Perceptions of Perfection: Intellectual, Scientific and Cultural Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| Religious Civilizations Interacting: Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia, 100 C.E.-1400 C.E. | |
| |
| |
| Korea to 1450 | |
| |
| |
| People and Place: The Korean Environment | |
| |
| |
| Conquest and Competition: History and Politics to 1598 | |
| |
| |
| Economy, Society, and Family | |
| |
| |
| Religion, Culture, and Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| Japan to 1450 | |
| |
| |
| The Island Refuge | |
| |
| |
| Adaptation at Arm's Length: History and Politics | |
| |
| |
| Economy, Society, and Family | |
| |
| |
| Religion, Culture, and Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| Vietnam | |
| |
| |
| The Setting and Neolithic Cultures | |
| |
| |
| The "Far South": History and Politics to 1450 | |
| |
| |
| Economy, Society, and Family | |
| |
| |
| Religion, Culture, and Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| Patterns of State Formation in Africa, 600-1450 | |
| |
| |
| Christian Kingdoms in the Northeast | |
| |
| |
| Nubia in the Middle Nile Valley | |
| |
| |
| Ethiopia in the Eastern Highlands | |
| |
| |
| Islamic City-States on the East African Coast and Traditional Kingdoms in South Africa | |
| |
| |
| The Swahili City-States on the East African Coast | |
| |
| |
| Traditional Kingdoms in South and Central Africa | |
| |
| |
| Central African Chiefdoms and Kingdoms | |
| |
| |
| From Traditional to Islamic Kingdoms in West Africa | |
| |
| |
| The Kingdom of Ancient Ghana | |
| |
| |
| The Empire of Mali | |
| |
| |
| Rainforest Kingdoms | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Empires in the Americas, 600-1550 | |
| |
| |
| The Legacy of Teotihuac�n and the Toltecs in Meso- Militarism in the Mexican Basin | |
| |
| |
| Late Maya Kingdoms in Yucat�n | |
| |
| |
| The Legacy of Tiwanaku and Wari in the Andes | |
| |
| |
| The Conquering State of Tiwanaku | |
| |
| |
| The Expanduing Kingdom of Wari | |
| |
| |
| American Empires: The Aztecs and Incas | |
| |
| |
| The Aztec Empire of Meso-America | |
| |
| |
| The Inca Empire of the Andes | |
| |
| |
| Imperial Society and Culture | |
| |
| |
| Imperial Capitals: Tenochtitl�n and Cuzco | |
| |
| |
| Power and Its Cultural Expressions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interactions across the Globe, 1450-1750 | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Ottoman-Hapsburg Struggle and European Overseas Expansion, 1450-1600 | |
| |
| |
| The Muslim-Christian Competition in East and West, 1450-1600 | |
| |
| |
| Iberian-Christian Expansion, 1415-1498 | |
| |
| |
| Rise of the Ottomans and Struggle with the Habsburgs for Dominance, 1300-1609 | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of the Centralized Fiscal-Military State | |
| |
| |
| State Transformation, Money, and Firearms | |
| |
| |
| Imperial Courts, Urban Fesivities, and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| The Spanish Habsburg Empire: Popular Festivities and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| The Ottoman Empire: Palaces, Festivities, and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Renaissance, Reformation, and the New Science in Europe, 1450-1700 | |
| |
| |
| Fiscal-Military States and Religious Upheavals | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Fiscal-Military Kingdoms | |
| |
| |
| The Protestant Reformation, State Churches, and Independent Congregations | |
| |
| |
| Religious Wars and Political Restoration | |
| |
| |
| Cultural Transformations: Renaissance, New Science, and Early Enlightenment | |
| |
| |
| The Renaissance and Baroque Arts | |
| |
| |
| The Pioneers of the New Science | |
| |
| |
| The New Science and Its Impact | |
| |
| |
| The Early Enlightenment in Northwestern Europe | |
| |
| |
| |
| New Patterns in New Worlds: Colonialism and Indigenous Responses in the Americas, 1500-1800 | |
| |
| |
| The Colonial Americas: Europe's Warm Weather Extension | |
| |
| |
| The Conquest of Mexico and Peru | |
| |
| |
| The Establishment of Colonial Institutions | |
| |
| |
| The Making of American Societies: Economic and Social Formation | |
| |
| |
| The Exploitation of the Mineral and Tropical Resources | |
| |
| |
| Shades of Skin Color: Social Strata, Castes, and Ethnic Groups | |
| |
| |
| The Adaptation of European Culture to the Americas | |
| |
| |
| |
| African Kingdoms, The Atlantic Slave Trade and the Origins of Black America, 1450-1800 | |
| |
| |
| African States and the Slave Trade | |
| |
| |
| The End of Empires in the North and the Rise of States in the Center | |
| |
| |
| Portugal's Explorations along the African Coast and Contacts with Ethiopia | |
| |
| |
| Coastal Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade | |
| |
| |
| American Plantation Slavery and Atlantic Mercantilism | |
| |
| |
| The Special Case of Plantation Slavery in the Americas | |
| |
| |
| The "Peculiar Institution" in British North America | |
| |
| |
| The Fatal Triangle: The Economic Patterns of the Atlantic Slave Trade | |
| |
| |
| Cultural Identity in the African Diaspora | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Mughal Empire: Muslim Rulers and Hindu Subjects, 1400-1750 | |
| |
| |
| History and Political Life of the Mughals | |
| |
| |
| From Samarkand to Hindustan | |
| |
| |
| The Summer and Autumn of Empire | |
| |
| |
| Administration, Society, and Economics | |
| |
| |
| Mansabdars and Bureaucracy | |
| |
| |
| The Mughals and Early Modern Economics | |
| |
| |
| Society, Family, and Gender | |
| |
| |
| Science, Religion, and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| Science and Technology | |
| |
| |
| Religion: In Search of Balance | |
| |
| |
| Literature and Art | |
| |
| |
| |
| Regulating the "Inner" and the "Outer" Domains of China and Japan, 1500-1800 | |
| |
| |
| Late Ming and Qing China to 1750 | |
| |
| |
| From Expansion to Exclusion | |
| |
| |
| The Spring and Summer of Power: The Qing to 1750 | |
| |
| |
| Village and Family Life | |
| |
| |
| Science, Culture, and Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| The Long War and Longer Peace: Japan, 1450 to 1750 | |
| |
| |
| The Struggle for Unification | |
| |
| |
| The Tokugawa Bakufu to 1750 | |
| |
| |
| Growth and Stagnation: Economy and Society | |
| |
| |
| Hothousing "Japaneseness": Culture, Science, and Intellectual Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Origins of Modernity, 1750-1900 | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nation-States and Patterns of Culture in Europe and North America, 1750-1871 | |
| |
| |
| Constitutional Nation-States: 1750- | |
| |
| |
| The American and French Revolutions | |
| |
| |
| Enlightenment Culture: Radicalism and Moderation | |
| |
| |
| Early and Late Enlightenment | |
| |
| |
| The Other Enlightenment: The Ideology of Ethnic Nationalism | |
| |
| |
| The Growth of the Nation-State, 1815-1871 | |
| |
| |
| Restoration Monarchies, 1815-1848 | |
| |
| |
| Nation-State Building in Anglo-America, 1783-1865 | |
| |
| |
| Romanticism and Realism: Philosophical and Artistic Expression to 1850 | |
| |
| |
| Romanticism | |
| |
| |
| Realism | |
| |
| |
| |
| Industrialization and its Discontents | |
| |
| |
| The Industrialization of Europe and the West: 1760-1914 | |
| |
| |
| Early Industrialism: 1750-1870 | |
| |
| |
| The Spread of Early Industrialism | |
| |
| |
| Late Industrialism: 1871-1914 | |
| |
| |
| The Social and Economic Impact of Industrialism: 1750-1914 | |
| |
| |
| Demographic Changes | |
| |
| |
| Industrial Society | |
| |
| |
| Critics of Industrialization | |
| |
| |
| Improved Standards of Living | |
| |
| |
| Improved Urban Living | |
| |
| |
| Big Business | |
| |
| |
| Intellectual and Cultural Responses in the Age of Industrialism | |
| |
| |
| Scientific and Intellectual Developments | |
| |
| |
| Toward Modernity in Philosophy and Religion | |
| |
| |
| Toward Modernity in Literature and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Challenge of Modernity: East Asia, 1750 - 1900 | |
| |
| |
| China and Japan in the Age of Imperialism | |
| |
| |
| China and Maritime Trade, 1750-1839 | |
| |
| |
| The Opium Wars and Treaty Port Era | |
| |
| |
| Toward Revolution: Reform and Reaction to 1900 | |
| |
| |
| In Search of Security Through Empire: Japan in the Meiji Era | |
| |
| |
| Economics and Society in Late Qing China | |
| |
| |
| The Seeds of Modernity and the New Economic Order | |
| |
| |
| Culture, Arts, and Science | |
| |
| |
| Zaibatsu and Political Parties: Economics and Society in Meiji Japan | |
| |
| |
| Commerce and Cartels | |
| |
| |
| "Enlightenment and Progress": Science, Culture, and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Adaption and Resistance: The Ottoman and Russian Empires, 1683-1908 | |
| |
| |
| Decentralization and Reforms in the Ottoman Empire | |
| |
| |
| Ottoman Imperialism in the 1600s and 1700s | |
| |
| |
| The Western Challenge and Ottoman Responses | |
| |
| |
| Iran's Effort to Cope with the Western Challenge | |
| |
| |
| Westernization, Reforms, and Industrialization in Russia | |
| |
| |
| Russia and Westernization | |
| |
| |
| Russia in the Early Nineteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| The Great Reforms | |
| |
| |
| Russian Industrialization | |
| |
| |
| The Abortive Russian Revolution of 1905 | |
| |
| |
| |
| The New Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| The British Colonies of India, Australia, and New Zealand | |
| |
| |
| The British East India Company | |
| |
| |
| Direct British Rule | |
| |
| |
| The British Settler Colonies of Australia and New Zealand | |
| |
| |
| European Imperialism in the Middle East and Africa | |
| |
| |
| The Rising Appeal of Imperialism in the West | |
| |
| |
| The Scramble for Africa | |
| |
| |
| Western Imperialism and Colonialism in Southeast Asia | |
| |
| |
| The Dutch in Indonesia | |
| |
| |
| Spain in the Philippines | |
| |
| |
| The French in Vietnam | |
| |
| |
| |
| Creoles and Caudillos: Latin America in the Nineteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| Independence, Authoritarianism, and Political Instability | |
| |
| |
| Independence and Political Development in the North: Haiti and Mexico | |
| |
| |
| Independence and Development in Northern South America | |
| |
| |
| Independence and Development in Southern and Western South America | |
| |
| |
| Brazil: From Kingdom to Republic | |
| |
| |
| Latin American Society and Economy in the Nineteenth Century | |
| |
| |
| Rebuilding Societies and Economies | |
| |
| |
| Export-Led Growth | |
| |
| |
| Women, Family, and Culture | |
| |
| |
| |
| Adaptations to Modernity across the Globe, 1900-Present | |
| |
| |
| |
| World War and Competing Visions of Modernity to 1945 | |
| |
| |
| The Great War and its Aftermath | |
| |
| |
| A Savage War and a Flawed Peace | |
| |
| |
| America First: The Beginnings of a Consumer Culture and the Great Depression | |
| |
| |
| Great Britain and France: Slow Recovery and Empires | |
| |
| |
| Latin America: Independent Democracies and Authoritarian Regimes | |
| |
| |
| New Variations on Modernity: The Soviet Union and Communism | |
| |
| |
| The Communist Party and Regime in the Soviet Union | |
| |
| |
| The Collectivization of Agriculture and Industrialization | |
| |
| |
| New Variations on Modernity: Supremacist Nationalism in Italy, Germany, and Japan | |
| |
| |
| From Fascism in Italy to Nazism in the Third Reich | |
| |
| |
| Japan's "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" and China's Struggle for Unity | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reconstruction, the Cold War, and Decolonization 1945-1962 | |
| |
| |
| Superpower Confrontation: Capitalist Democracy and Communism | |
| |
| |
| The Cold War Era, 1945-1962 | |
| |
| |
| Society and Culture in Post-War North America, Europe, and Japan | |
| |
| |
| Populism and Industrialization in Latin America | |
| |
| |
| Slow Social Change | |
| |
| |
| Populist Guided Democracy | |
| |
| |
| The End of Colonialism and the Rise of New Nations | |
| |
| |
| "China Has Stood Up" | |
| |
| |
| Decolonization, Israel, and Arab Nationalism in the Middle East | |
| |
| |
| Decolonization and the Cold War in Asia | |
| |
| |
| Decolonization and Cold War in Sub-Saharan Africa | |
| |
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| The End of the Cold War, Western Social Transformation, and the Developing World 1963-1991 | |
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| The Climax of the Cold War | |
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| The Soviet Superpower in Slow Decline | |
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| Transforming the West | |
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| Civil Rights Movements | |
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| From "Underdeveloped" to "Developing" World, 1963-1991 | |
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| China: Cultural Revolution to Four Modernizations | |
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| Vietnam: War and Unification | |
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| The Middle East | |
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| Africa: From Independence to Development | |
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| Globalization and Challenges to Modernity, 1991-Present | |
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| Capitalist Democracy: The Dominant Pattern of Modernity | |
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| A Decade of Global Expansion: The United States and the World in the 1990s | |
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| The Communist Holdouts: North Korea, Cuba, China, and Vietnam | |
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| A Decade of Global Shifts: Twenty-First Century Currents and Cross-Currents | |
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| The Environmental Limits of Modernity | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Credits | |
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| Index | |