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| List of Figures | |
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| List of Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| Introduction: Economic History and Economic Development | |
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| Development and Underdevelopment | |
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| Growth, Development, and Progress | |
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| Determinants of Economic Development | |
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| Production and Productivity | |
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| Economic Structure and Structural Change | |
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| The Logistics of Economic Growth | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Economic Development in Ancient Times | |
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| Economics and the Emergence of Civilization | |
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| The Economic Foundations of Empire | |
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| Trade and Development in the Mediterranean World | |
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| Economic Achievements and Limits of Ancient Civilization | |
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| Economic Development in Medieval Europe | |
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| The Agrarian Basis | |
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| Rural Society | |
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| Patterns of Stability | |
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| Forces of Change | |
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| Europe Expands | |
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| The Revival of Urban Life | |
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| Commercial Currents and Techniques | |
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| Industrial Technology and the Origins of Mechanical Power | |
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| The Crisis of the Medieval Economy | |
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| Non-Western Economies on the Eve of Western Expansion | |
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| The World of Islam | |
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| The Ottoman Empire | |
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| East Asia | |
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| South Asia | |
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| Africa | |
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| The Americas | |
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| Europe's Second Logistic | |
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| Population and Levels of Living | |
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| Exploration and Discovery | |
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| Overseas Expansion and the Feedback to Europe | |
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| The Price Revolution | |
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| Agricultural Technology and Productivity | |
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| Industrial Technology and Productivity | |
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| Trade, Trade Routes, and Commercial Organization | |
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| Economic Nationalism and Imperialism | |
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| Mercantilism: A Misnomer | |
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| The Common Elements | |
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| Spain and Spanish America | |
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| Portugal Central, Eastern, and Northern Europe | |
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| Colbertism in France | |
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| The Prodigious Increase of the Netherlands | |
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| "Parliamentary Colbertism" in Britain | |
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| The Dawn of Modern Industry | |
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| Characteristics of Modern Industry | |
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| The Industrial Revolution: A Misnomer | |
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| Prerequisites and Concomitants of Industrialization | |
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| Industrial Technology and Innovation | |
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| Regional Variation | |
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| Social Aspects of Early Industrialization | |
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| Economic Development in the Nineteenth Century: Basic Determinants | |
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| Population | |
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| Resources | |
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| The Development and Diffusion of Technology | |
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| Prime Movers and Power Production | |
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| Cheap Steel | |
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| Transport and Communications | |
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| The Application of Science | |
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| The Institutional Framework | |
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| Legal Foundations | |
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| Economic Thought and Policy | |
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| Class Structure and Class Struggles | |
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| Education and Literacy | |
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| International Relations | |
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| Patterns of Development: The Early Industrializers | |
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| Great Britain | |
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| The United States | |
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| Belgium | |
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| France | |
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| Germany | |
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| Patterns of Development: Latecomers and No-Shows | |
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| Switzerland | |
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| The Netherlands and Scandinavia | |
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| The Austro-Hungarian Empire | |
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| Southern and Eastern Europe | |
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| The Iberian Peninsula | |
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| Italy | |
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| Southeastern Europe | |
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| Imperial Russia | |
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| Japan | |
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| Strategic Sectors | |
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| Agriculture | |
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| Finance and Banking | |
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| The Role of the State | |
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| The Growth of the World Economy | |
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| Britain Opts for Free Trade | |
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| The Free Trade Era | |
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| The "Great Depression" and the Return to Protection | |
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| The International Gold Standard International Migration and Investment | |
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| The Revival of Western Imperialism | |