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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| Introduction: While You Were Busy Debugging ... | |
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| Advent of the Citizen Engineer | |
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| "Citizen Engineer" Defined | |
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| Responsibilities of the Citizen Engineer | |
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| Knowledge Base of the Citizen Engineer | |
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| Technology | |
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| Ecology | |
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| Intellectual Property | |
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| Business | |
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| Public Policy | |
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| Collaboration | |
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| How Engineering Got Its Paradigm Shifted | |
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| Changes in the Nature of Engineering | |
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| Engineering on a Whole New Scale | |
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| Pervasive Collaboration | |
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| Broader Influence for Engineers | |
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| Externally Driven Changes in Engineering | |
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| The Green Explosion | |
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| Corporate Social Responsibility | |
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| Security and Privacy Concerns | |
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| Rise of Digital Goods | |
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| New Laws, Tighter Controls | |
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| Perspectives on an Engineering Transformation | |
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| Summary, and What's Next | |
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| Environmental Responsibility | |
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| Environmental Impact: The Big Picture | |
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| Eco-Responsible Engineering: An Enormous Opportunity | |
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| Core Challenges of Eco-Engineering | |
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| Beyond the Black Cloud: Looking at Lifecycles | |
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| The "Cradle to Cradle" Vision | |
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| A Pragmatic Approach to Lifecycle Analysis | |
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| A Basic Lifecycle Model | |
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| Additional Lifecycle Considerations | |
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| Supply Chains | |
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| "Mini Lifecycles" of Consumables | |
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| Hidden Impacts | |
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| Services | |
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| Design and Prototypes | |
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| Embodied Energy and Embodied Carbon | |
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| Lifecycle Assessment Tools | |
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| Starting a Top-Level Assessment | |
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| Deciding When to Stop Assessing | |
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| Setting Priorities, Requirements, and Goals | |
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| Knowing the Law | |
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| Business Requirements and Opportunities | |
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| Areas of Greatest Impact | |
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| Quick Wins and Low-Hanging Fruit | |
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| Energy and Emissions | |
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| Common Sources of Energy | |
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| Calculating Energy and Power | |
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| Energy Impacts: Finding the Cleanest Source of Power | |
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| Energy and GHG Emissions | |
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| Greenhouse Gas Primer | |
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| CO2 Equivalents and Conversions | |
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| Calculating GHG Emissions | |
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| Putting a Value on Carbon (Dioxide!) | |
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| Heat, Noise, Light, and Radio Emissions | |
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| Process-Related GHG Emissions | |
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| Energy Efficiency in Product Design | |
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| Core Efficiency | |
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| Energy Transmission and Conversion | |
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| Power States | |
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| Standby Power | |
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| Batteries | |
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| Tracking Lost Energy | |
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| An Example: Energy Efficiency in Data Centers | |
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| Where Energy Goes in Data Centers | |
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| Making Data Centers More Efficient | |
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| Example Results | |
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| Chemicals, Materials, and Waste | |
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| Chemistry and the Law | |
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| Packaging and Documentation | |
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| Waste and Renewal | |
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| Disassembly | |
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| Reuse/Recycling | |
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| Take-Back | |
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| Water and Other Natural Resources | |
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| Social Considerations | |
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| Business Considerations | |
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| Calculating the Water Footprint | |
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| Trading Virtual Water | |
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| Other Natural Resources | |
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| An Example of Eco-Engineering: Interface, Inc. | |
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| An Aggressive Initiative with Very Specific Goals | |
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| Eco-Engineering: The Grass Is Always Greener | |
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| Carbon Neutrality: Good Start but Not Enough | |
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| Greenwashing and Green Noise | |
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| Measure and Label | |
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| Read "The Six Sins of Greenwashing" | |
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| Measuring and Sharing with OpenEco | |
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| Summary, and What's Next | |
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| Intellectual Responsibility | |
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| Intellectual Property Law Fundamentals | |
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| IP 101: Core Concepts | |
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| Patents | |
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| A Closer Look: Why Get a Patent (and Why Not)? | |
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| When to Get a Patent | |
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| Applying the Standard of Novelty | |
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| Do Patents Stifle Innovation? | |
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| Common Mistakes to Avoid | |
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| Copyright | |
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| Copyright Using Creative Commons Licenses | |
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| Additional Concepts: Copyleft and FairShare | |
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| Trademarks | |
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| Trade Secrets | |
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| Nondisclosure Agreements | |
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| Employment Contracts and IP Ownership | |
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| Previous Inventions | |
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| Participation in Open Source Projects | |
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| Tip Sheet: Inbound and Outbound IP | |
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| How to Protect Your IP in Emerging Markets | |
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| Back to Patent Protection: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly | |
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| Open Source Software: Licenses and Leverage | |
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| "Free" Software Licenses | |
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| Nonfree but Free-Sounding Software Licenses | |
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| A Closer Look at the GPL | |
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| Contributor Agreements | |
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| What Does the CA Do? | |
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| Do I Lose the Rights to My Contribution by Signing a CA? | |
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| Will I Receive Credit for My Contributions? | |
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| Can I Contribute the Same Works to Other Projects? | |
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| When Should I Sign a CA? | |
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| What if I'm Working for a Company but Contributing as an Individual? | |
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| Software Indemnity | |
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| Creativity and Control | |
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| Maximizing the Cycle of Innovation | |
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| How We Got Here | |
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| Control over Interfaces | |
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| Innovation Commons | |
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| The Economics of Open Source | |
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| Beyond Software | |
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| Goldcorp | |
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| TCHO Chocolates | |
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| The Open Prosthetics Project | |
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| Wikipedia | |
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| OpenSPARC | |
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| Building an Open Source Community: Practical Advice from a Pro | |
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| Protecting Digital Rights | |
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| Digital Rights Management | |
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| Is "Open DRM" an Oxymoron? | |
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| Fair Use and Other Concepts for Reducing Restrictions | |
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| Summary, and What's Next | |
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| Bringing It to Life | |
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| Education of the Citizen Engineer | |
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| Updating Engineering Curricula | |
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| Advice for Engineering Students | |
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| Advice for Engineering New Hires | |
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| Citizen Engineers in Action | |
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| Appendix | |
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| Lifecycle Phase Checklists | |
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| The "Make" Phase | |
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| The "Use" Phase | |
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| The "Renew" Phase | |
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| Required Reading for Citizen Engineers | |
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| Notes | |
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| Photo Credits | |
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| Index | |