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| Preface and Acknowledgments | |
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| Faculty and Student Resources | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Power of Art and the Impact Of Context | |
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| What is Art? | |
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| Art and Aesthetics | |
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| Illusionism and Meaning in Art | |
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| Can a Mechanical Process be Art?: Photography | |
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| Can Architecture Communicate Ideas? | |
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| The Language of Art | |
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| Experiencing Art | |
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| The Ancient World | |
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| Prehistoric Art | |
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| Paleolithic Art | |
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| Interpreting Prehistoric Painting | |
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| Paleolithic Carving | |
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| Neolithic Art | |
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| Settled Societies and Neolithic Art | |
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| Architecture: Tombs and Rituals | |
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| Ancient Near Eastern Art | |
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| Sumerian Art | |
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| Temple Architecture: Linking Heaven and Earth | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Visual Narratives | |
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| Art Of Akkad | |
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| Sculpture: Power | |
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| Neo-Sumerian Revival | |
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| Babylonian Art | |
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| The Code of Hammurabi | |
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| Assyrian Art | |
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| Art of Empire: Expressing Royal Power | |
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| Late Babylonian Art | |
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| Iranian Art | |
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| The Persian Empire: Cosmopolitan Heirs to the Mesopotamian Tradition | |
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| Egyptian Art | |
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| Predynastic and Early Dynastic Art | |
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| The Palette of King Narmer | |
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| The Old Kingdom: A Golden Age | |
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| Old Kingdom Funerary Complexes | |
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| The Pyramids at Giza: Reflecting a New Royal Role | |
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| Representing the Human Figure | |
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| The Middle Kingdom: Reasserting Tradition Through the Arts | |
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| Royal Portraiture: Changing Expressions and Proportions | |
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| The New Kingdom: Restored Glory | |
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| Royal Burials in the Valley of the Kings | |
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| Temples to the Gods | |
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| Akhenaten and the Amarna Style | |
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| The Amarna Style | |
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| Tutankhamun and the Aftermath of Amarna | |
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| Aegean Art | |
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| Early Cycladic Art | |
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| Minoan Art | |
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| The Palace at Knossos | |
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| Wall Paintings: Representing Rituals and Nature | |
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| Minoan Pottery and Faience | |
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| Late Minoan Art | |
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| Mycenaean Art | |
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| Architecture: Citadels | |
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| Mycenaean Tombs and Their Contents | |
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| Greek Art | |
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| The Emergence of Greek Art: The Geometric Style | |
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| Geometric Style Pottery | |
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| The Orientalizing Style: Horizons Expand | |
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| Archaic Art: Art of the City-State | |
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| The Rise of Monumental Temple Architecture | |
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| Temple Plans: Reading Architectural Drawings | |
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| The Greek Gods and Goddesses | |
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| Stone Sculpture | |
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| Architectural Sculpture: The Building Comes Alive | |
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| Greek Heroes and Civic Values | |
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| Vase Painting: Art of the Symposium | |
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| The Classical Age | |
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| Classical Sculpture | |
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| The Indirect Lost-Wax Process | |
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| Architecture and Sculpture on the Athenian Akropolis | |
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| The Late Classical Period | |
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| Late Classical Architecture: Civic and Sacred | |
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| Late Classical Sculpture | |
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| The Age of Alexander and the Hellenistic Period | |
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| Architecture: The Scholarly Tradition and Theatricality | |
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| Hellenistic Sculpture: Expression and Movement | |
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| Hellenistic Painting | |
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| Etruscan Art | |
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| Funerary Art | |
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| Tombs and Their Contents | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Dynamism in Terracotta and Bronze | |
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| Roman Art | |
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| Early Rome and the Republic | |
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| Architecture: The Concrete Revolution | |
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| Arches | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Relief Sculpture | |
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| Roman Values | |
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| The Early Empire | |
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| Portrait Sculpture | |
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| Relief Sculpture | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Art and Architecture in the Provinces | |
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| Domestic Art and Architecture | |
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| Wall painting, mural, and fresco | |
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| The Late Empire | |
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| Portrait Sculpture | |
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| Relief Sculpture | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Late Roman Architecture in the Provinces | |
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| The Middle Ages | |
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| Early Christian, Byzantine, and Early Islamic Art | |
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| The Life of Jesus | |
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| Early Christian Art | |
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| Christian Art before Constantine | |
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| Christian Art after the Official Recognition of Christianity | |
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| The Liturgy of the Mass | |
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| Versions of the Bible | |
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| Byzantine Art | |
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| Early Byzantine Art | |
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| The Iconoclastic Controversy | |
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| Middle Byzantine Art | |
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| Late Byzantine Art | |
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| Islamic Art | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Islam: Beliefs and Practices | |
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| Early Medieval Art | |
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| Anglo-Saxon Art | |
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| The Animal Style | |
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| Metalwork | |
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| Hiberno-Saxon Art | |
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| Manuscripts | |
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| Carolingian Art | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Illuminated Books | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Ottonian Art | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Metalwork | |
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| Ivories and Manuscripts: Conveyors of Imperial Grandeur | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| The Development of Islamic Style | |
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| Religious Architecture | |
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| Luxury Arts | |
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| Islamic Art and the Persian Inheritance | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Figural Art Forms in Iran | |
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| Romanesque Art | |
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| First Expressions of Romanesque Style | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Monumental Stone Sculpture | |
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| Mature Romanesque | |
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| Pilgrimage Churches and Their Art | |
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| Cluniac Architecture and Sculpture | |
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| Monasticism and Christian Monastic Orders | |
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| Spanish Islamic Art and Europe in the Middle Ages | |
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| Cistercian Architecture and Art | |
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| Wall Painting | |
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| Book Illustration | |
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| Regional Variants of the Romanesque Style | |
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| Western France: Poitou | |
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| Southeastern France: Provence | |
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| Tuscany | |
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| Normandy and England | |
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| Women Artists and Patrons: Hildegard of Bingen | |
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| Gothic Art | |
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| Early Gothic Art in France | |
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| Saint-Denis: Suger and the Beginnings of Gothic Architecture | |
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| Dionysian Theology and the Abbey of Saint-Denis | |
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| Chartres Cathedral | |
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| Laon Cathedral | |
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| High Gothic Art in France | |
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| The Rebuilding of Chartres Cathedral | |
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| The Architect, the Master, and the Guild | |
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| Stained Glass | |
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| Reims Cathedral | |
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| Rayonnant or Court Style | |
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| Sainte-Chapelle | |
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| Manuscript Illumination | |
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| Late Gothic Art in France | |
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| Mansucript Illumination | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| The Spread of Gothic Art | |
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| England | |
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| Germany | |
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| The Renaissance through the Rococo: The Early Modern World | |
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| Art in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Italy | |
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| The Cities and the Mendicants | |
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| Franciscan Churches and Altarpieces | |
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| Urban Churches, Baptisteries, and Civic Buildings | |
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| New Directions in Tuscan Painting | |
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| Giotto and the New Florentine Painting | |
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| Sienese Painting | |
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| Late Fourteenth-Century Crises | |
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| Upheaval and Plague | |
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| Northern Italy: Milan | |
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| Artistic Innovations in Fifteenth-Century Northern Europe | |
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| courtly Art: The International Gothic | |
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| Artists at the French Courts | |
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| Urban Centers and the New Art | |
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| Hugo van der Goes in Ghent | |
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| Hieronymus Bosch | |
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| Regional Responses to the Early Netherlandish Style | |
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| France | |
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| Central Europe | |
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| Painting and the Graphic Arts | |
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| Early Printmaking | |
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| The Early Renaissance in Fifteenth-Century Italy | |
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| The Inspiration of Antiquity in Florence | |
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| Brunelleschi and the Beginnings of Renaissance Architecture | |
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| New Directions in Florentine Painting | |
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| Italian Art During the Era of the Medici, 1434-1494 | |
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| The Baptistery of Florence | |
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| Florentine Churches and Convents at Mid-Century | |
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| The Spread of Florentine Style | |
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| The Renaissance Palace and its Furnishings, ca. 1440-1490 | |
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| Patrician Palaces | |
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| Images of Heroes for Florentine Collectors | |
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| Ancient Battles in Prints | |
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| Paintings for Palaces | |
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| Portraiture | |
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| The Renaissance Style Reverberates, 1450-1500 | |
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| Piero della Francesca in Central Italy | |
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| Alberti and Mantegna in Mantua | |
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| Venice | |
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| Rome and the Papal States | |
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| Perspective | |
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| The High Renaissance in Italy, 1495-1520 | |
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| Leonardo and the Florentine High Renaissance | |
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| The High Renaissance in Rome | |
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| Bramante in Rome | |
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| Michelangelo in Rome and Florence | |
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| Veniceand the High Renaissance | |
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| Titian | |
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| The Late Renaissance and Mannerism in Sixteenth-Century Italy | |
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| Late Renaissance Florence | |
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| Mannerism | |
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| Michelangelo in Florence | |
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| Painters and Sculptors in Ducal Florence | |
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| Romereformed | |
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| Michelangelo in Rome | |
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| The Catholic Reformation and Il Gesù | |
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| Cities and Courts in Northern Italy and Venice | |
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| Mantua | |
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| Parma | |
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| Bologna | |
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| Venice: The Serene Republic | |
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| Renaissance and Reformation throughout Sixteenth-Century Europe | |
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| Franceand Spain: Catholic Courts and Italian Influence | |
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| Spain and Italianate Style | |
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| The Protestant Reformation | |
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| Central Europe: The Reformation and Art | |
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| Catholic Patrons in Early Sixteenth-Century Germany | |
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| Albrecht Dürer as Renaissance Artist | |
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| Albrecht Dürer as Reformation Artist | |
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| Protestant Courts and New Forms of Art | |
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| Mythologies | |
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| Landscape | |
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| Reformation England: The Tudor Portrait | |
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| The Netherlands: World Marketplace | |
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| Bruges | |
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| Antwerp | |
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| Bruegel and the Everyday | |
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| The Baroque in Italy and Spain | |
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| The Counter-Reformation | |
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| Painting in Italy | |
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| Caravaggio and the New Style | |
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| Artemisia Gentileschi | |
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| Ceiling Painting and Annibale Carracci | |
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| Architecture in Italy | |
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| The Completion of Saint Peter's and Carlo Maderno | |
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| Bernini and Saint Peter's | |
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| A Baroque Alternative: Francesco Borromini | |
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| Sculpture in Italy | |
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| The Evolution of the Baroque: Bernini | |
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| Painting in Spain | |
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| Naples and the Impact of Caravaggio | |
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| From Seville to Court Painter | |
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| Monastic Orders and Zurbar��n | |
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| Culmination in Devotion | |
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| The Baroque in The Netherlands | |
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| Flanders | |
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| Peter Paul Rubens and Defining the Baroque | |
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| History and Portraiture at the English Court | |
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| Still-Life Painting | |
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| The Dutch Republic | |
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| The Caravaggisti in Holland | |
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| The Haarlem Community and Frans Hals | |
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| The Next Generation in Haarlem | |
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| Rembrandt and the Art of Amsterdam | |
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| The Market: Landscape, Still-Life, and Genre Painting | |
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| Landscape Painting | |
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| Still-Life Painting | |
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| Flower Painting and Rachel Ruysch | |
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| Genre Painting | |
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| Intimate Genre Painting and Jan Vermeer | |
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| The Baroque in France and England | |
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| France: The Style of Louis XIV | |
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| Painting in France | |
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| French Classical Architecture | |
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| Sculpture: The Impact of Bernini | |
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| Baroque Architecture in England | |
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| Inigo Jones and the Impact of Palladio | |
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| The Rococo | |
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| France: The Rise of the Rococo | |
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| Painting: Poussinistes versus Rubénistes | |
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| The French Rococo Interior | |
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| England: Printmaking and Painting | |
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| William Hogarth and the Narrative | |
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| Thomas Gainsborough and the English Portrait | |
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| The Rococo in Germany, Austria, and Central Europe | |
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| Italy | |
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| Giovanni Battista Tiepolo and Illusionistic Ceiling | |
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| Decoration | |
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| Canaletto | |
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| The Modern World | |
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| Art in the Age of Enlightenment, 1750-1789 | |
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| Rometoward 1760: The Font of Neoclassicism | |
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| Artistic Foundations of Neoclassicism: Mengs and Hamilton | |
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| Rometoward 1760: The Font of Romanticism | |
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| Neoclassicism in Britain | |
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| Painting: Historicism, Morality, and Antiquity | |
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| The Birth of Contemporary History Painting | |
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| Architecture and Interiors: The Palladian Revival | |
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| Early Romanticism in Britain | |
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| Architecture: Strawberry Hill and the Gothic Revival | |
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| Painting: The Coexistence of Reason and Emotion | |
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| Neoclassicism in France | |
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| Architecture: Rational Classicism | |
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| The Sublime in Neoclassical Architecture: The Austere and the Visionary | |
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| Painting and Sculpture: Expressing Enlightenment Values | |
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| The Climax of Neoclassicism: The Paintings of Jacques-Louis David | |
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| Art in the Age of Romanticism, 1789-1848 | |
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| Painting | |
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| Spain: Francisco Goya | |
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| Britain: The Bond with Nature | |
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| Germany: Friedrich's Pantheistic Landscape | |
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| America: Landscape as Metaphor and the Popularity of Genre | |
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| France: Neoclassical Painting in the Romantic Era | |
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| France: Painterly Romanticism and Romantic Landscape | |
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| Romantic Landscape Painting | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Neoclassical Sculpture in the Romantic Era: Antonio Canova | |
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| French Romantic Sculpture: Breaking from the Classical Model | |
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| Romantic Revivals in Architecture | |
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| The Gothic Revival: The Houses of Parliament 4 | |
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| The Classical Revival 4 | |
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| The Age of Positivism: Realism, Impressionism, and the Pre-Raphaelites, 1848-1885 | |
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| Realism in France | |
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| Realism in the 1840s and 1850s: Painting Contemporary Social Conditions | |
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| The Realist Assault on Academic Values and Bourgeois Taste | |
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| Impressionism: A Different Form of Realism | |
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| British Realism | |
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| The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood | |
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| The Aesthetic Movement: Personal Psychology and Repressed Eroticism | |
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| Realism in America | |
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| Scientific Realism: Thomas Eakins | |
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| Iconic Image: Winslow Homer | |
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| Photography: A Mechanical Medium for Mass-Produced Art | |
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| First Innovations | |
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| Recording the World | |
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| Reporting the News: Photojournalism | |
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| Photography as Art: Pictorialism and Combination Printing | |
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| Architecture and the Industrial Revolution | |
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| Ferrovitreous Structures: Train Sheds and Exhibition Palaces | |
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| Announcing the Future: The Eiffel Tower | |
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| Progress and Its Discontents: Post-Impressionism, Symbolism, and Art | |
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| Nouveau, 1880-1905 | |
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| Post-Impressionism | |
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| Toward Abstraction | |
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| Seeking Social and Pictorial Harmony | |
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| Vincent van Gogh: Expression through Color and Symbol | |
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| The Flight from Modernity | |
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| Symbolism | |
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| The Nabis | |
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| Other Symbolist Visions in France | |
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| Symbolism Beyond France | |
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| Symbolist Currents in American Art | |
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| The Sculpture of Rodin | |
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| Art Nouveau and the Search for Modern Design | |
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| The Public and Private Spaces of Art Nouveau | |
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| American Architecture: The Chicago School | |
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| Louis Sullivan and Early Skyscrapers | |
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| Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie House | |
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| Photography | |
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| Pictorialist Photography and the Photo Secession | |
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| Toward Abstraction: The Modernist Revolution, 1904-1914 | |
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| Fauvism | |
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| Cubism | |
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| Reflecting and Shattering Tradition: Les Demoiselles d'Avignon | |
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| Analytic Cubism: Picasso and Braque | |
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| Synthetic Cubism: The Power of Collage | |
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| The Impact of Fauvism and Cubism | |
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| German Expressionism | |
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| Austrian Expressionism | |
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| Cubism in Paris after Picasso and Braque | |
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| Italian Futurism: Activism and Art | |
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| Cubo-Futurism and Suprematism in Russia | |
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| Cubism and Fantasy: Giorgio de Chirico | |
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| Modernist Sculpture: Constantin Brancusi | |
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| American Art | |
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| America's First Modernists: Arthur Dove and Abstraction | |
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| Early Modern Architecture in Europe | |
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| German Modernist Architecture | |
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| German Expressionist Architecture | |
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| Art Between the Wars | |
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| Dada | |
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| Zurich Dada | |
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| New York Dada | |
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| Berlin Dada | |
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| Cologne Dada | |
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| Paris Dada | |
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| Surrealism | |
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| Surrealism in Paris | |
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| Representational Surrealism | |
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| The Surrealist Object | |
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| Organic Sculpture | |
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| Alexander Calder in Paris | |
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| Henry Moore in England | |
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| Creating Utopias | |
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| Russian Constructivism: Productivism and Utilitarianism | |
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| De Stijl and Universal Order | |
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| The Bauhaus: Creating the "New Man" | |
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| The Machine Aesthetic | |
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| Art in America: Modernity, Spirituality, and Regionalism | |
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| The City and Industry | |
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| Seeking the Spiritual | |
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| Regionalism and National Identity | |
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| The Harlem Renaissance | |
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| Mexican Art: Seeking a National Identity | |
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| The Eve of World War II | |
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| America: The Failure of Modernity | |
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| Europe and Fascism | |
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| Postwar to Postmodern, 1945-1980 | |
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| Existentialism in New York: Abstract Expressionism | |
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| Abstract Expressionism: Action Painting | |
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| Abstract Expressionism: Color-Field Painting | |
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| Rejecting Abstract Expressionism: American Art of the 1950s and 1960S | |
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| Re-Presenting Life and Dissecting Painting | |
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| Environments and Performance Art | |
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| Pop Art: Consumer Culture as Subject | |
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| Formalist Abstraction of the 1950s and 1960S | |
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| Formalist Painting and Sculpture | |
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| Formalist Sculpture: Minimal Art | |
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| The Pluralist 1970S: Post-Minimalism | |
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| Post-Minimal Sculpture: Geometry and Emotion | |
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| Earthworks and Site-Specific Art | |
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| Conceptual Art: Art as Idea | |
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| Television Art | |
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| Art With a Social Agenda | |
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| African-American Art: Ethnic Identity | |
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| Feminist Art: Judy Chicago and Gender Identity | |
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| Late Modernist Architecture | |
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| Continuing the International Style | |
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| Sculptural Architecture: Referential Mass | |
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| The Postmodern Era: Art Since 1980 | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Postmodern Architecture | |
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| New Modernism: Hi-Tech Architecture | |
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| Deconstructivism: Countering Modernist Authority | |
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| Post-Minimalism and Pluralism: Limitless Possibilities | |
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| The Return of Painting | |
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| Sculpture | |
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| Deconstructing Art: Context as Meaning | |
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| The Power of Installation and Video Art | |
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| Many Styles, One Artist Felix Gonzalez-Torres | |
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| Preoccupation with the Body | |
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| A World Art Cai Guo-Qiang | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Books for Further Reading | |
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| Index | |
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| List of Credits | |