| |
| |
| |
Theoretical and Historical Foundations | |
| |
| |
| |
What Is a Mental Health or Professional Counselor? | |
| |
| |
What Is a Counselor? Enter a Land of Confusion! | |
| |
| |
What It Means to Be a Clinical Mental Health or Professional Counselor: Some Helpful Definitions | |
| |
| |
Relevant Professional Organizations | |
| |
| |
Other Specialties Within the Counseling Profession | |
| |
| |
Addiction Counseling | |
| |
| |
Career Counseling | |
| |
| |
College Counseling | |
| |
| |
Gerontological Counseling | |
| |
| |
Couple and Family Counseling | |
| |
| |
Rehabilitation Counseling | |
| |
| |
School Counseling | |
| |
| |
Clinical Mental Health Counseling and the Allied Mental Health Professions | |
| |
| |
Conclusion: The Process of Consolidating Professional Identity | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
The Counseling Professions in Historical Perspective | |
| |
| |
Early Views and Treatment of Mental Health and Illness | |
| |
| |
The Emergence of Psychiatry | |
| |
| |
Roots of the Counseling-Related Professions | |
| |
| |
Movement Toward the Professionalization of Counseling | |
| |
| |
The Private Practice of Psychology | |
| |
| |
The Child Guidance Movement | |
| |
| |
Carl Rogers and Nondirective Counseling | |
| |
| |
Marriage and Family Counseling | |
| |
| |
Rapid Expansion of Assessment and Increased Sophistication of Vocational Counseling | |
| |
| |
Post-World War II and the Veterans Administration | |
| |
| |
The Influence of Professional Organizations | |
| |
| |
The Professionalization and Expansion of Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
Problems in the Mental Health System | |
| |
| |
Increased Effectiveness of Psychopharmacological Interventions | |
| |
| |
Innovations in Counseling Theories and Techniques | |
| |
| |
Limited Availability of and Access to Community-Based Services | |
| |
| |
The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 | |
| |
| |
Emergence of Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
Licensure of Mental Health and Professional Counselors | |
| |
| |
The Consolidation of the Mental Health Counseling Profession | |
| |
| |
Changing Roles, Tools, and Contexts: The Mental Health Professions Move into the 21st Century | |
| |
| |
Application of Technology | |
| |
| |
Influence of Positive Psychology and Research into Wellness | |
| |
| |
Response to Natural and Human-Made Disasters | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Theoretical Foundations for Clinical Mental Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
Theory and Personal Characteristics of the Counselor | |
| |
| |
Self-Schema | |
| |
| |
Worldview | |
| |
| |
Interpersonal Style | |
| |
| |
Client Motivation and the Process of Change: The Transtheoretical Model | |
| |
| |
The Role of Theory in Counseling | |
| |
| |
Foundational Theories for Clinical Mental Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
Theories of Human Development | |
| |
| |
Ecological Perspective | |
| |
| |
Theories of Mental Health and the Prevention of Mental Illness | |
| |
| |
Approaches to Mental Health Promotion | |
| |
| |
Prevention in the Context of Promoting Mental Health | |
| |
| |
Conclusion: The Clinical Mental Health Counseling Paradigm | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Traditional and Contemporary Theories of Counseling | |
| |
| |
Traditional Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy | |
| |
| |
Psychoanalysis | |
| |
| |
Individual Psychology (Adlerian Therapy) | |
| |
| |
Behavior Therapy | |
| |
| |
Cognitive Approaches | |
| |
| |
Humanistic Therapies and Existential Theory | |
| |
| |
Narrative Therapies | |
| |
| |
Feminist Therapy | |
| |
| |
Family Therapy | |
| |
| |
Contemporary Trends in the Application of Counseling Theory | |
| |
| |
Spirituality in Counseling | |
| |
| |
Biologicalization of Psychopathology and Human Behavior | |
| |
| |
The Contemporary Economic Context | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
The Credentialing and Practice of Clinical Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
| |
Education, Licensure, and Certification | |
| |
| |
Academic Preparation of Clinical Mental Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
The CACREP Model of Training for Clinical Mental' Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
CACREP Standards for Clinical Mental Health Counseling Programs | |
| |
| |
Professional Practice Standards in the Training of Clinical Mental Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
The Credentialing of Clinical Mental Health Counselors | |
| |
| |
Contemporary Issues in Education and Credentialing of Counselors | |
| |
| |
Licensure for Mental Health Counselors in All 50 States: What Comes Next? | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Ethical and Legal Issues in Clinical Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
The Significance of Ethical Codes and the Law | |
| |
| |
The Relationship Between the Law and Codes of Ethics | |
| |
| |
Foundational Principles of Ethical Codes | |
| |
| |
Codes of Ethics | |
| |
| |
The Role of the ACA Ethics Committee and Investigation of Alleged Violations | |
| |
| |
Specific Ethical and Legal Issues | |
| |
| |
Competence and Scope of Practice | |
| |
| |
Informed Consent: Client's Rights and Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
Confidentiality and Privileged Communication | |
| |
| |
Protection of Clients or Others from Harm | |
| |
| |
Professional Boundaries and Dual Relationships | |
| |
| |
Electronic Communication and E-Therapy | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Employment Settings: Where Clinical Mental Health Counselors Work and What They Do | |
| |
| |
Application of the Clinical Mental Health Counseling Paradigm | |
| |
| |
Stages of Helping | |
| |
| |
Establishing the Relationship | |
| |
| |
Assessing or Defining the Presenting Problem | |
| |
| |
Identifying and Setting Goals | |
| |
| |
Choosing and Initiating Interventions | |
| |
| |
Planning and Introducing Termination and Follow-Up | |
| |
| |
The Traditional Continuum of Mental Health Care and Expanded Settings of Professional Practice | |
| |
| |
Mental Health and Community Counselors on the Job | |
| |
| |
Agency/Community Mental Health Centers | |
| |
| |
Private Practice | |
| |
| |
Substance Abuse Treatment Programs | |
| |
| |
Small College Counseling Center | |
| |
| |
University Health Service | |
| |
| |
In the Barn: Equine Therapy | |
| |
| |
Home-Based Therapy | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Appraisal and Research in the Practice of Clinical Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
Appraisal | |
| |
| |
The Uses of Tests | |
| |
| |
Key Concepts and Principles in Appraisal | |
| |
| |
Categories of Appraisal Techniques | |
| |
| |
Ethical Practice in Appraisal | |
| |
| |
Research and Program Evaluation | |
| |
| |
Key Concepts and Principles in Research | |
| |
| |
Specific Models of Research Design | |
| |
| |
Program Evaluation | |
| |
| |
Ethical Practice in Research | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Professional Practice in Multicultural Contexts | |
| |
| |
Diversity and Multiculturalism in America | |
| |
| |
Multiculturalism as the Fourth Force in Counseling | |
| |
| |
Key Definitions and Concepts | |
| |
| |
Barriers to Effective Multicultural Counseling | |
| |
| |
Cultural Encapsulation | |
| |
| |
Misapplication of Traditional Theories and Techniques | |
| |
| |
Systemic Barriers Within Counseling Delivery Systems | |
| |
| |
Language Barriers and Miscommunication | |
| |
| |
Mistrust | |
| |
| |
Foundational Principles in Multicultural Counseling | |
| |
| |
Activation of Schemas and Confirmatory Bias | |
| |
| |
Between-Versus Within-Group Differences | |
| |
| |
Racial/Cultural Identity Development | |
| |
| |
Acculturation | |
| |
| |
Multiple Identities | |
| |
| |
The Culturally Competent Counselor | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Contemporary Issues and Trends | |
| |
| |
| |
Managed Care and Third-Party Reimbursement | |
| |
| |
Managed Care in Context | |
| |
| |
Financial Risk and the Rise of Insurance Companies | |
| |
| |
The Push Toward Managed Care | |
| |
| |
What Is Managed Care? | |
| |
| |
Procedures for Reducing Utilization | |
| |
| |
Procedures for Controlling Price per Unit | |
| |
| |
Impact on the Practice of Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
Conclusion: Surviving in the Era of Managed Care | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
The Changing Face of Community Mental Health | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health in the United States | |
| |
| |
A Model of Mental Health Delivery Systems | |
| |
| |
Assessment of the Needs and Wants of Service Recipients | |
| |
| |
Mission | |
| |
| |
Coals | |
| |
| |
Programs | |
| |
| |
Working Knowledge, Skills, and Resource Supports | |
| |
| |
Environmental Supports: Technology and Facility | |
| |
| |
Program Evaluation | |
| |
| |
Funding Programs Through Grants | |
| |
| |
Contemporary Trends in Community Mental Health | |
| |
| |
The Postdeinstitutionalization Era | |
| |
| |
Least Restrictive Treatment | |
| |
| |
Assertive Community Treatment Programs | |
| |
| |
Recovery and the Consumer Movement | |
| |
| |
Evidence-Based Treatments | |
| |
| |
Specific Issues in Community Mental Health | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health and the Homeless | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health and the Chronically Mentally Ill | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health and the Dual-Diagnosed Client | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health and Corrections | |
| |
| |
Community Mental Health, Disaster Response, and Emergency Management Systems | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
The Future of Clinical Mental Health Counseling | |
| |
| |
Current Factors Influencing the Profession | |
| |
| |
Professional Credentialing | |
| |
| |
Political and Economic Climate | |
| |
| |
New Models and Delivery Systems | |
| |
| |
Strengths of the Contemporary Mental Health Counseling Profession | |
| |
| |
The Struggles of the Contemporary Mental Health Counseling Profession | |
| |
| |
How to Live Out Who We Are: Enacting the Clinical Mental Health Counseling Paradigm | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
Suggested Activities | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
National Professional Associations | |
| |
| |
| |
Licensure Boards | |
| |
| |
Index | |