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| Brief Table of Contents | |
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| Full Table of Contents | |
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| Brief Table of Contents | |
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| Native North America before European Contact | |
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| Native Peoples and European Newcomers, 982���1585 | |
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| Spanish Borderlands, 1527���1758 | |
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| Seventeenth-Century Eastern Woodlands, 1607���1689 | |
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| Empire, 1700���1763 | |
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| The Indians' Revolution, 1763���1814 | |
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| Removal, 1801���1846 | |
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| Western Indians and the United States, 1800���1850 | |
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| The Civil War Years, 1861���1865 | |
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| Conflicting Postwar Directions, 1865���1877 | |
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| The Struggle for Cultural Identity, 1877���1910 | |
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| Progressivism and World War I: Charting Their Own Course in the Twentieth Century, 1900���1920 | |
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| Post-War Directions for Native Americans, 1918���1929 | |
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| The Great Depression, 1929���1940 | |
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| American Indians Join the War Effort, 1940���1945 | |
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| Redefining the Status of Native Americans in Post World War II America, 1943���1962 | |
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| Indian Activism in the Age of Liberalism, 1961���1980 | |
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| Self-Determination to Decolonization: Native Americans into the Twenty-First Century | |
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| FULL Table of Contents | |
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| MySearchLab Connections | |
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| Preface | |
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| MySearchLab | |
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| Supplementary Material | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| Native North America Before European Contact | |
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| Stories versus Science | |
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| Beginnings | |
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| We Were Always Here | |
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| The Scientific Evidence | |
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| Reading History the Kwakiutl Story of the Deluge | |
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| Clovis and Folsom Cultures | |
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| Changes in the West | |
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| California Indians | |
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| The Northwest | |
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| The Great Basin and the Plains | |
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| Agriculture-Based Societies in the Southwest | |
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| Cultural Diversity and the Arrival of Maize | |
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| The "Chaco Phenomenon" | |
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| Hohokam and Mesa Verde Cultures | |
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| Seeing History Anasazi Sites Compared | |
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| Eastern Woodlands | |
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| Early Eastern Woodlands Traditions | |
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| Adena and Hopewell Cultures | |
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| Mississipian Chiefdoms | |
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| The Iroquois | |
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| Seeing History Chiefdoms Maintaining Power Through Images | |
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| Reading History the Iroquois Origin Story | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Native Peoples and European Newcomers, 982���1590 | |
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| Conquests, Colonies, and Contradictions | |
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| An Iberian New World Order | |
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| Christopher Columbus and the West Indies: the Tainos Encounter Spaniards | |
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| The Maya, Aztec, and Inca Worlds | |
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| Maya | |
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| Chichen Itza and the Mayan City-States | |
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| Maya Women and the City-States | |
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| Aztecs | |
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| Pre-Aztec States in Mexico | |
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| Rise of the Aztec Empire | |
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| Tenochtitlan | |
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| Aztec Gods and Religion | |
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| Aztec Women in a Warrior Culture | |
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| Inca | |
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| Growth of the Inca State | |
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| Inca Rule | |
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| The Power of Inca Women | |
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| Spanish Conquest, Spanish Rule | |
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| Fall of Tenochtitlan | |
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| Profile Malintzin, A Woman Negotiates with the Aztecs | |
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| Reading History A Woman's Voice From | |
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| Postconquest Mexico: Ana Juana From Culhuacan | |
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| Conquest of the Incas | |
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| Profile Titu Cusi Yupanqui, an Inca Elite After Conquest | |
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| Conquest of the Maya | |
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| Reading History A Voice from the Mayan New | |
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| World Inquisition: Francisco Chuc of Sahcaba, August 11, 1562 | |
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| French and English Newcomers | |
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| Pre-Columbian Encounters in North America: the Norse | |
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| Early Expeditions to the Northeast | |
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| Native Peoples and the French along the St. Lawrence River | |
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| Algonquians and the English at Roanoke | |
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| Profile Manteo, the Roanoke Interpreter | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Spanish Borderlands, 1527���1758 | |
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| On the Fringes | |
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| La Florida: A Maritime Borderland | |
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| The Indian Landscape of La Florida | |
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| Friars and Chiefdoms | |
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| Mission Life | |
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| Rebellion and Decline | |
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| Southeast Chiefdoms and Hernando De Soto | |
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| The Southwest Borderlands | |
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| Women and Caddoan Power | |
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| The Texas Mission-Presidio Complex | |
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| The World of the Pueblos | |
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| New Power in the Sword: the Spanish Invasion | |
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| New Power in the Church: the Franciscan Pueblo Missions | |
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| New Power in Governance: Encomenderos and Colonial Rule | |
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| Rebellion: the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 | |
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| Reading History Declaration of the Indian, Juan | |
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| Place on the Rio del Norte, December, 18, 1681 | |
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| Northern Mining Frontiers | |
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| Serrano Peoples: Native Life in Sonora | |
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| Miners, Ranchers, and Moving Frontiers | |
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| Missionaries: Serrano Peoples and the Jesuits | |
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| Wanderers and Communities: Native Resistance to Spanish Rule | |
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| Early Borderlands Connections in the Southwest | |
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| Horses and Networks of Masculine Trade and Warfare | |
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| The Rise of the Comanches | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Seventeenth-Century Eastern Woodlands, 1607���1689 | |
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| Worlds APart | |
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| Tsenacommacah | |
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| The Rise of the Powhatan Confederacy | |
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| Powhatan and the English: Trade and Conflict | |
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| Indian War and the Emergence of Virginia | |
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| Profile Pocahontas in the Atlantic World | |
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| Southern New England Indians Encounter the English | |
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| Native Americans and Plymouth Bay | |
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| New England Indians Face English Expansion | |
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| Christianity and the Praying Town Model | |
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| Mohegans | |
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| Confederacies, Empires, and Villages | |
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| The Huron Ascendancy | |
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| War and Mourning: Five Nations' Ferocity | |
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| Middle Grounding: the Pays d'en haut | |
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| Transformation of the Five Nations | |
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| Profile Kateri Tekakwitha | |
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| Maturing Colonies Ending a Century in Conflict: Metacom's War and Bacon's Rebellion | |
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| Metacom's War | |
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| Reading History Mary Rowlandson's Captivity Narrative, 1682 | |
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| Bacon's Rebellion | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Empire, 1700���1763 | |
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| Empires, a Chief, and a Prophet | |
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| Indians and Empires in the Northeast | |
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| Deerfield on the Edge of Empire | |
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| Reading History John Williams, Redeemed Captive Returning to Zion, 1774 | |
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| Returning to New France and Shifting Strategies | |
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| New England Indians "Behind the Frontier" | |
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| Land and Indian Communities | |
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| Native Peoples and the Economics of the British Empire in New England | |
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| Religion, Education, and Indian Sovereignty | |
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| Profile the Transient Life of Sarah Gardner, Indian Woman | |
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| Reading History Samson Occom Tells His Story, 1768 | |
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| A Mid-Atlantic Frontier | |
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| Delawares and the Quest for Land | |
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| The Pennsylvania Backcountry | |
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| The Indians' "Great Awakening" in Pennsylvania | |
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| Profile Andrew Montour: the Frontier Negotiator | |
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| Reading History Esther: a Mahican-Moravian | |
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| Multitribal Zones and Imperial Pressure in the South | |
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| Trading Slaves and Deerskins | |
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| Native Americans and the Costs of French Expansion into the Lower Mississippi Valley | |
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| Tuscarora and Yamasee Wars and Breaking with the British | |
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| Profile Mary Musgrove: A Creek Woman Between Worlds | |
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| The Seven Years' War and Indian Perspectives on Empire | |
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| The Redefinition of Empire and Racial Consciousness | |
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| Seeing History Neolin's Master of Life | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| The Indians' Revolution, 1763���1814 | |
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| A Disease, a Continent, and a Revolution | |
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| The American Revolution | |
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| Questions of Iroquois Neutrality | |
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| For Liberty and Independence: New England Indians | |
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| Profile Molly Brant, an Iroquois Woman and British Loyalist | |
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| Dunmore's War and the Old Northwest | |
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| The South and Choosing Sides | |
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| Seeing History A Draught of the Cherokee Country by Lientenant Henry Timberlake, 1762 | |
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| Native American Recovery, Native American Resistance, 1783���1814 | |
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| The Revolution Continues: Treaties and Bloody Years | |
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| The Civilization Program | |
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| Prophets and War | |
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| Profile Black Hoof, Shawnee Annuity Chief | |
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| Reading History Hansome Lake's First Vision, 1799 | |
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| Profile Hillis Hadjo, the Creek Prophet | |
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| Western Revolutions | |
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| The Borderlands Revolution: Comancheria | |
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| Comancheria: Wealth and Empire | |
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| Alta California: Missionary Revolutions | |
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| Mission Life | |
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| Profile Indian Leaders in the Franciscan Missions | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Removal, 1801���1846 | |
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| Do You Want Our Land? | |
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| Southern Removal | |
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| Cherokee "Civilization" | |
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| Cherokees Challenged | |
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| Reading History the Removal Act of 1830 | |
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| Cherokee Removal | |
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| The Creek Road to Oklahoma | |
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| Choctaw Removal | |
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| Seeing History Nanih Waiya | |
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| Chickasaws Head West | |
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| Profile Pushmataha, Choctaw Leader Caught between Worlds | |
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| Resisting Removal | |
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| Seminoles Fight | |
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| Profile Coacoochee, the Mexican Seminole | |
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| The Black Hawk War | |
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| Reading History Black Hawk's Autobiography | |
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| Removal from the North | |
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| Profile William Apess, a Pequot Helps the Mashpee | |
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| Restoring Sovereignty in the Indian Territory | |
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| Rebuilding the Cherokee Nation | |
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| Resurgence among Indians from the South | |
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| Indian Territory and the "Peculiar Institution" of Slavery | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Western Indians and the United States, 1800���1850 | |
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| Winning or Losing the West | |
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| Native Americans, the Corps of Discovery, and Constructing Empire | |
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| The Plains and Missouri River Indians | |
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| Pacific Northwest Indians | |
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| Reading History James P. Rhonda, the Truth About Sacagawea | |
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| The Pacific as the West | |
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| Russian America | |
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| Tlingit Culture, Resistance, and Competition | |
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| Rocky Mountain Fur Trading and the Pacific Northwest | |
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| Profile Smohalla, the Prophet | |
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| Winning or Losing the West? | |
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| The Transformation of California | |
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| Reading History Isadora: Widow of the Prince of Solano | |
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| California Indians and American Manifest Destiny | |
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| California's "Sexual Frontier" | |
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| ProfileIshi, the Last Yahi Standing | |
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| Texas Indians in Upheaval | |
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| Profile Andele, the Mexican-Kiowa Captive | |
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| The Southwest Borderlands in Transition | |
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| Reading History Andele's Account | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| The Civil War Years, 1861���1865 | |
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| Lumbee Indians in the Civil War | |
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| War in Indian Territory and Minnesota | |
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| Choosing Sides | |
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| War in Indian Territory | |
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| Profile Stand Watie (Cherokee, 1806���1871) | |
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| The Upper Midwest: Sioux Resistance | |
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| Profile Little Crow (Tayoyateduta or Thaoyate Duta, for His Red Nation), 1810���1862 | |
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| Seeing History the Execution of Santee Sioux | |
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| Resistance in the Southwest and Plains | |
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| Navajo Resistance | |
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| Bosque Redondo | |
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| War in the Colorado Territory | |
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| Reading History Proclamation of Govern John Evans, Colorado Territory, June 27, 1864 | |
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| Reading History Letter from Black Kettle (Cheyenne) to Major Colley (Indian Agent, Fort Lyon), United States Army, August 29, 1864 | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Conflicting Postwar Directions, 1865���1877 | |
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| Kintpuash and the Modoc War | |
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| Post���Civil War Directions in Indian Affairs | |
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| Defining Postwar Indian Policy | |
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| Profile Standing Bear (Machunazha, Ponca), 1829���1908 | |
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| The Powder River War | |
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| Peace Overtures | |
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| Reading History Report to the President by the Indian Peace Commission, January 7, 1868 | |
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| Renewed Resistance on the Southern Plains | |
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| Peace Policy, War Policy | |
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| President Grant's Peace Policy | |
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| Seeing History "Robinison Crusoe Making a Man of his Friday" | |
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| Renewed Resistance on the Southern Plains | |
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| Profile Quannah Parker (Comanche) | |
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| Gold in the Black Hills | |
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| The Great Sioux War | |
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| The Nez Perce | |
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| Seeing History Custer's Last Stand | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| The Struggle for Cultural Identity, 1877���1910 | |
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| Wild West Shows | |
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| Chasing Freedom, Preserving Identity | |
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| Victorio and Geronimo | |
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| The Ghost Dance | |
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| Saving the Indian | |
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| Eastern Reformers | |
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| Lake Mohonk | |
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| Seeing History "Give the Red Man a Chance" | |
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| The Attack on Indian Cultures | |
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| The Dawes Act | |
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| Reading History General Allotment Act, or Dawes Act (1887) | |
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| Profile the "Oklahoma Land Rushers, or Boomers" | |
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| Christianizing the Indian | |
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| Educating Native Americans | |
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| Seeing History "The American Indian: Past and Present" | |
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| Profile Plenty Kill, aka Luther Standing Bear (Oglala, 1868���1939) | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Progressivism and World War I: Charting Their Own Course in the Twentieth Century, 1900���1920 | |
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| Simon Pokagon | |
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| The Progressive Spirit among Native Americans | |
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| Seeing History Dime Novels | |
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| The Society of American Indians | |
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| Profile Jim Thorpe | |
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| Gertrude Bonnin and Laura Kellogg | |
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| Religion and the SAI | |
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| Fractures within the SAI | |
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| The Peyote Issue | |
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| The Great War | |
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| The World War One Draft | |
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| Reading History Native American Citizenship and Compulsory Military Service | |
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| Indians Enter Military Service | |
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| Over There | |
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| Profile Private Joseph Oklahombi (Choctaw) | |
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| Stereotypes and Indian Military Service | |
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| The Home Front | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Post-War Directions for Native Americans, 1918���1929 | |
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| The "Osage Reign of Terror" | |
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| Coming Home | |
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| Wartime Divestment of Indian Lands | |
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| Wartime Resurgence of Traditional Values | |
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| Citizenship for Native Americans | |
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| Postwar Activism | |
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| The Continued Assault on Indian Lands | |
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| Profile Will Rogers | |
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| Pueblo Lands | |
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| Reading History Letter from Commissioner of Indian Affairs Charles Burke to All Indians | |
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| Fall's Removal from Office | |
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| Changing Directions | |
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| The Emerging Path of Reform | |
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| Seeing History the Vanishing American and Hollywood Film | |
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| Profile John Collier | |
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| Citizenship Revisited | |
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| The Meriam Report | |
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| Reading History From The Problem of Indian Administration, or Meriam Report, 1928 | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| The Great Depression, 1929���1940 | |
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| The CCC Project at Bandelier National Park near Santa Fe, New Mexico | |
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| Native Americans and the Early Years of the Great Depression | |
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| Hard Times | |
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| Reform Efforts in the Hoover Administration | |
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| Health Care and Education | |
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| A Brighter Prospect for Change | |
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| The Indian New Deal | |
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| Native Americans and New Deal Reform | |
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| The Public Works of Art Project | |
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| Seeing History St Regis Indian Reservation (1937) by Amy Jones | |
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| The Civilian Conservation Corps Indian Division | |
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| Profile Robert Yellowtail | |
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| Navajo Stock Reduction | |
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| Indian Education | |
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| Redirection in Federal Indian Policy | |
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| The Indian Reorganization Act | |
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| Reading History Excerpts from the Indian Reorganization Act (Wheeler-Howard Act), June 18, 1934 | |
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| Resistance to the IRA | |
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| Profile Alice Lee Jemison (Seneca) | |
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| Assessment of the Indian New Deal | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| American Indians Join the WarEffort, 1940���1945 | |
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| Lieutenant Ernest Childers Earns the Congressional Medal of Honor | |
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| Native Americans Enter the Armed Forces | |
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| Draft Registration and Military Induction | |
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| Motives for Enlistment | |
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| Seeing History Freedom's Warrior the American Indian | |
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| Defining Indian Identity | |
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| Racial Identity in Virginia | |
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| Tribal Sovereignty | |
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| Native Americans at War | |
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| Indian Response to Pearl Harbor | |
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| Indians at War | |
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| Profile Postwar Ira Hayes | |
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| Code Talkers | |
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| The Popular Image of Indian Soldiers | |
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| Reading History the Navajo Translation of the United States Marine Corps Hymn | |
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| Seeing History Military Use of Native American Imagery | |
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| The Home Front | |
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| War Comes to the Reservations | |
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| Migration to Defense Factories | |
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| Women and the War Effort | |
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| War Bond Purchases | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Redefining the Status of Native Americans in Post-World War II America, 1943���1962 | |
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| John Nez (Navajo) | |
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| The Path to Termination | |
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| Senate Report | |
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| A Global Indian Reorganization Act | |
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| The National Congress of American Indians | |
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| The Immediate Postwar Direction | |
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| Economic Difficulties | |
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| Social Concerns | |
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| The Indian Claims Commission | |
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| Termination and Relocation | |
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| Termination Reconsidered | |
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| The Relocation Program | |
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| Seeing History Bureau of Indian Affairs Relocation Poster "Come to Denver" | |
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| The Policy of Termination | |
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| Klamath and Menominee Termination | |
| |
| |
| Profile Ada Deer (Menominee) | |
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| |
| Reading History Party Platform Planks and Native Americans | |
| |
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| "The More Things Change " | |
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| The Continued Assault on Indian Lands | |
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| The Korean War | |
| |
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| Profile Woodrow Wilson Keeble (Sioux) | |
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| Hollywood Films and Television | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Review Questions | |
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| Recommended Readings | |
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| Native American History Online | |
| |
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| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Indian Activism in the Age of Liberalism, 1961���1980 | |
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| Bernie Whitebear and the Fort Lawton Takeover | |
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| A New Direction in Indian Activism | |
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| Fishing and Water Rights | |
| |
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| Profile Buffy Sainte Marie | |
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| Alcatraz | |
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| The Alcatraz Occupation | |
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| Profile Vine Deloria, Jr. (1933���2005) | |
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| Indians and the Vietnam War | |
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| Native Americans Enter the Armed Forces | |
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| Combat Service | |
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| Racial Consciousness | |
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| Red Power | |
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| The American Indian Movement | |
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| Trail of Broken Treaties | |
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| Wounded Knee | |
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| The Longest Walk | |
| |
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| Seeing HistoryA Call for Support | |
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| New Directions? | |
| |
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| Indian Self-Determination | |
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| Urbanization Patterns | |
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| Educational Directions | |
| |
| |
| Reading History Edward M. Kennedy, Foreword from Indian Education: A National Tragedy A National Challenge | |
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| Mainstream Awareness | |
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| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| Recommended Readings | |
| |
| |
| Native American History Online | |
| |
| |
| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| |
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| Self-Determination to Decolonization: Native Americans into the Twenty-First Century | |
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| Ronald Reagan, Decolonization | |
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| Presidential Indian Policy: 1980s���1990s | |
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| The Reagan Years | |
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| |
| Reading History Ronald Reagan, Indian Policy Statement, January 24, 1983 | |
| |
| |
| Profile Peter MacDonald: Navajo Leader Falls from Power in the Era of Reagan | |
| |
| |
| George Herbert Walter Bush: Any Better? | |
| |
| |
| Reading History George H. W. Bush's Statement on Indian Affairs, June 14, 1991 | |
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| |
| Native Peoples and Activism: the 1980s and 1990s | |
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| Reservations and Resources | |
| |
| |
| Casinos and Tourism | |
| |
| |
| NAGPRA and What Is an Indian? | |
| |
| |
| Native American Women Take Charge | |
| |
| |
| Reading History James C. Chatters, Kennewick Man | |
| |
| |
| Profile Suzan Shown Harjo: Cheyenne-Creek Activist | |
| |
| |
| Empowerment and Decolonization and into the Twenty-First Century Literature and Art | |
| |
| |
| Indigenous Peoples in the Academy | |
| |
| |
| Seeing History Gathering Wild Rice | |
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| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| Review Questions | |
| |
| |
| Recommended Readings | |
| |
| |
| Native American History Online | |
| |
| |
| MySearchLab Connections: Sources Online | |
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| Appendix | |
| |
| |
| Glossary of Key Terms and Concepts | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Photo & Text Credits | |
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| Index | |