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| Preface to the Fifth Edition | |
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| Language, Learning, and Teaching | |
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| Questions about Second Language Acquisition | |
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| Learner Characteristics | |
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| Linguistic Factors | |
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| Learning Processes | |
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| Age and Acquisition | |
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| Instructional Variables | |
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| Context | |
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| Purpose | |
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| Rejoicing in Our Defeats | |
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| Language | |
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| Learning and Teaching | |
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| Schools of Thought in Second Language Acquisition | |
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| Structural Linguistics and Behavioral Psychology | |
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| Generative Linguistics and Cognitive Psychology | |
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| Constructivism: A Multidisciplinary Approach | |
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| Nineteen Centuries of Language Teaching | |
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| Language Teaching in the Twentieth Century | |
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| Topics and Questions for Study and Discussion | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Learning Experience: Journal Entry | |
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| Guidelines for Entry 1 | |
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| Age Factors | |
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| First Language Acquisition | |
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| Theories of First Language Acquisition | |
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| Behavioral Approaches | |
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| Challenges to Behavioral Approaches | |
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| The Nativist Approach | |
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| Challenges to Nativist Approach | |
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| Functional Approaches | |
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| Issues in First Language Acquisition | |
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| Competence and Performance | |
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| Comprehension and Production | |
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| Nature or Nurture? | |
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| Universals | |
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| Systematicity and Variability | |
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| Language and Thought | |
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| Imitation | |
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| Practice and Frequency | |
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| Input | |
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| Discourse | |
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| First Language Acquisition Insights Applied to Language Teaching | |
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| Topics and Questions for Study and Discussion | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Learning Experience: Journal Entry 2 | |
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| Age and Acquisition | |
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| Dispelling Myths | |
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| Types of Comparison and Contrast | |
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| The Critical Period Hypothesis | |
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| Neurobiological Considerations | |
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| Hemispheric Lateralization | |
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| Biological Timetables | |
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| Right-Hemispheric Participation | |
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| Anthropological Evidence | |
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| The Significance of Accent | |
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| Cognitive Considerations | |
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| Affective Considerations | |
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| Linguistics Considerations | |
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| Bilingualism | |
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| Interference Between First and Second Languages | |
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| Order of Acquisition | |
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| Issues in First Language Acquisition Revisited | |
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| Competence and Performance | |
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| Comprehension and Production | |
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| Nature or Nurture? | |
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| Universals | |
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| Systematicity and Variability | |
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| Language and Thought | |
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| Imitation | |
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| Practice and Frequency | |
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| Input | |
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| Discourse | |
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| Some "Age-and-Acquisition-Inspired" Language Teaching Methods | |
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| Total Physical Response | |
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| The Natural Approach, 79 | |
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| Topics and Questions for Study and Discussion | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Learning Experience: Journal Entry 3 | |
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| Psychological Factors | |
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| Human Learning | |
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| Learning and Training | |
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| Pavlov's Classical Behaviorism | |
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| Skinner's Operant Conditioning | |
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| Ausubel's Subsumption Theory | |
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| Rote vs. Meaningful Learning | |
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| Systematic Forgetting | |
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| Rogers's Humanistic Psychology | |
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| Types of Learning | |
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| Transfer, Interference, and Overgeneralization | |
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| Inductive and Deductive Reasoning | |
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| Language Aptitude | |
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| Intelligence and Language Learning | |
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| Learning Theories in Action: Two Language Teaching Methods in Contrast | |
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| The Audiolingual Method | |
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| Community Language Learning | |
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| Topics and Questions for Study and Discussion | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Language Learning Experience: Journal Entry 4 | |
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| Styles and Strategies | |
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| Process, Style, and Strategy | |
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| Learning Styles | |
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| Field Independence | |
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| Left- and Right-Brain Dominance | |
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| Ambigu | |