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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| Federal Drinking Water Standards | |
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| Current Status and New Technologies | |
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| Water Works Engineering and Design | |
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| Scope of Book | |
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| Water Quality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water Quality Constituents | |
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| Water Treatment Processes | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Raw Water Intake, Pumping, Conveyance, And Flow Measurement | |
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| Water Treatment Systems | |
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| Residuals Management | |
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| Treatability Studies | |
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| Basic Design Considerations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water Quality Objectives | |
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| Regulatory Requirements | |
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| Initial and Design Years and Staging Periods | |
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| Service Area | |
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| Plant Capacity | |
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| Raw Water Quality and Source Selection | |
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| Process Selection and the Treatment Process Train | |
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| Plant Siting, Layout, and Hydraulics | |
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| Equipment Selection | |
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| Energy and Resource Requirement | |
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| Plant Economics | |
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| Environmental-Impact Assessment | |
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| State Requirements | |
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| Predesign Report and Problem Definition for the Design Example | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Significance of a Predesign Report | |
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| Contents of a Predesign Report | |
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| Model Predesign Report | |
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| Raw Water Intake, Screening, and Aeration | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Raw Water Intake Structures | |
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| Screening | |
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| Aeration | |
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| Design of Intakes and Screens | |
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| Equipment Manufacturers of Intake, Screening, and Aeration Devices | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Raw Water Intake and Screen | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Raw Water Intake and Screens | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Water Conveyance, Flow Measurement, and Pumping | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water Conveyance Systems | |
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| Flow Measurement | |
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| Pumping | |
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| Pump Stations | |
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| Manufacturers of Water Conveyance, Pumping, and Flow-Measurement Equipment | |
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| Information Checklist For Design of Raw Water Conveyance, Pump Stations, and Flow Meters | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Conveyance Systems, Pump Stations, and Flow Meters | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Coagulation, Flocculation, and Precipitation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Suspended Solids | |
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| Dissolved Solids And Chemical Precipitation | |
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| Rapid Mix | |
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| Flocculation | |
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| Manufacturers of Coagulation and Flocculation Equipment | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Coagulation and Flocculation Facilities | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Coagulation and Flocculation Facilities | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Sedimentation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Theory of Sedimentation | |
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| Sedimentation Basin Design | |
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| Manufacturers of Sedimentation Equipment and Systems | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Sedimentation Facilities | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Sedimentation Facilities | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Filtration | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Theory of Filtration | |
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| Types of Filters | |
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| Filter Media | |
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| Filter Components | |
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| Filter System Operation | |
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| Filter Hydraulics | |
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| Filter Cleaning or Backwashing | |
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| Filter Media Support System | |
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| Filter Instrumentation Systems | |
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| Manufacturers of Filtration Equipment | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Filtration System | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Filtration Systems | |
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| Specifications for Filtration Systems | |
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| Color, Taste, and Odor Control | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Color | |
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| Taste and Odor | |
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| Equipment Manufacturers of Color-, Taste-, and Odor-control Systems | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Color-, Taste-, and Odor-control Facilities | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Color, Taste, and Odor Control Facilities | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Disinfection and Fluoridation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Disinfection | |
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| Primary Disinfection Technologies | |
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| Secondary Disinfection Technologies | |
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| Fluoridation | |
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| Equipment Manufacturers of Disinfection and Fluoridation Systems | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Disinfection and Fluoridation Systems | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for the Disinfection Facility | |
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| Equipment Specifications | |
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| Water Stability, Clearwell, High-service Pumps, and Distribution System | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water Stability | |
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| Clearwells | |
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| High-service Pumping | |
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| Water Distribution Systems | |
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| Equipment Manufacturers for Clearwells, High-service Pumps, and Distribution Systems | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Clearwells, High-service Pumps, and Distribution Systems | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Water Stability, Clearwells, High-service Pumps, and Distribution Facilities | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Residuals Processing and Disposal | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Sources and Characteristics of Residual Streams | |
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| Residuals Processing | |
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| Manufacturers of Residuals-management Equipment | |
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| Information Checklist for Design of Residuals-management Facilities | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting for Residuals-management Facilities | |
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| Specifications | |
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| Plant Siting, Layout, Yard Piping, and Hydraulic Profile | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Plant Siting | |
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| Plant Layout Considerations | |
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| Yard Piping and Hydraulic Profile | |
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| Information Checklist for Plant Layout and Preparation of Hydraulic Profile | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Process Control | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Benefits and Need of Instrumentation and Control Systems | |
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| Components of Instrumentation and Control Systems | |
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| Manufacturers of Instrumentation and Control Systems | |
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| Information Checklist for Design and Selection of Instrumentation and Control Systems | |
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| Design Example | |
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| Design Summary | |
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| Nonconventional Water Treatment Processes and Designs | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Removal of Inorganics | |
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| Removal of Organics | |
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| Avoiding Design Errors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Examples of Design Errors and Deficiencies | |
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| Procedure to Avoid or Reduce Common Design Errors and Deficiencies | |
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| Physical and Chemical Properties of Water | |
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| Constants and Coefficients Used for Hydraulic Head Loss Calculation | |
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| Manufacturers and Suppliers of Water Treatment Process Equipment | |
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| Design Parameters, Abbreviations, Symbols, Constants, Conversion Factors, and Other Useful Information for Water Works Engineering | |
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| Index | |
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| About the Authors | |