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| List of Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| The C Language | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Evolution of C | |
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| Which Dialect of C Should You Use? | |
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| An Overview of C Programming | |
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| Conformance | |
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| Syntax Notation | |
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| Lexical Elements | |
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| Character Set | |
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| Comments | |
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| Tokens | |
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| Operators and Separators | |
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| Identifiers | |
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| Keywords | |
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| Constants | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| On Character Sets, Repertoires, and Encodings | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The C Preprocessor | |
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| Preprocessor Commands | |
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| Preprocessor Lexical Conventions | |
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| Definition and Replacement | |
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| File Inclusion | |
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| Conditional Compilation | |
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| Explicit Line Numbering | |
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| Pragma Directive | |
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| Error Directive | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Declarations | |
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| Organization of Declarations | |
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| Terminology | |
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| Storage Class and Function Specifiers | |
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| Type Specifiers and Qualifiers | |
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| Declarators | |
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| Initializers | |
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| Implicit Declarations | |
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| External Names | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Types | |
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| Integer Types | |
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| Floating-Point Types | |
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| Pointer Types | |
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| Array Types | |
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| Enumerated Types | |
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| Structure Types | |
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| Union Types | |
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| Function Types | |
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| The Void Type | |
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| Typedef Names | |
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| Type Compatibility | |
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| Type Names and Abstract Declarators | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Conversions and Representations | |
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| Representations | |
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| Conversions | |
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| The Usual Conversions | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Expressions | |
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| Objects, Lvalues, and Designators | |
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| Expressions and Precedence | |
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| Primary Expressions | |
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| Postfix Expressions | |
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| Unary Expressions | |
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| Binary Operator Expressions | |
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| Logical Operator Expressions | |
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| Conditional Expressions | |
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| Assignment Expressions | |
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| Sequential Expressions | |
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| Constant Expressions | |
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| Order of Evaluation | |
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| Discarded Values | |
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| Optimization of Memory Accesses | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Statements | |
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| General Syntactic Rules for Statements | |
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| Expression Statements | |
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| Labeled Statements | |
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| Compound Statements | |
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| Conditional Statements | |
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| Iterative Statements | |
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| Switch Statements | |
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| Break and Continue Statements | |
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| Return Statements | |
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| Goto Statements | |
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| Null Statements | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Functions | |
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| Function Definitions | |
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| Function Prototypes | |
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| Formal Parameter Declarations | |
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| Adjustments to Parameter Types | |
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| Parameter-Passing Conventions | |
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| Agreement of Parameters | |
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| Function Return Types | |
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| Agreement of Return Types | |
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| The Main Program | |
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| Inline Functions | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The C Libraries | |
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| Introduction to the Libraries | |
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| Standard C Facilities | |
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| C++ Compatibility | |
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| Library Headers and Names | |
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| Standard Language Additions | |
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| NULL, ptrdiff_t, size_t, offsetof | |
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| EDOM, ERANGE, EILSEQ, errno, strerror, perror | |
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| bool, false, true | |
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| va_list, va_start, va_arg, va_end | |
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| Standard C Operator Macros | |
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| Character Processing | |
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| isalnum, isalpha, iscntrl, iswalnum, iswalpha, iswcntrl | |
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| iscsym, iscsymf | |
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| isdigit, isodigit, isxdigit, iswdigit, iswxdigit | |
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| isgraph, isprint, ispunct, iswgraph, iswprint, iswpunct | |
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| islower, isupper, iswlower, iswupper | |
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| isblank, isspace, iswhite, iswspace | |
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| toascii | |
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| toint | |
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| tolower, toupper, towlower, towupper | |
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| wctype_t, wctype, iswctype | |
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| wctrans_t, wctrans | |
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| String Processing | |
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| strcat, strncat, wcscat, wcsncat | |
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| strcmp, strncmp, wcscmp, wcsncmp | |
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| strcpy, strncpy, wcscpy, wcsncpy | |
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| strlen, wcslen | |
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| strchr, strrchr, wcschr, wcsrchr | |
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| strspn, strcspn, strpbrk, strrpbrk, wcsspn, wcscspn, wcspbrk | |
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| strstr, strtok, wcsstr, wcstok | |
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| strtod, strtof, strtold, strtol, strtoll, strtoul, strtoull | |
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| atof, atoi, atol, atoll | |
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| strcoll, strxfrm, wcscoll, wcsxfrm | |
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| Memory Functions | |
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| memchr, wmemchr | |
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| memcmp, wmemcmp | |
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| memcpy, memccpy, memmove, wmemcpy, wmemmove | |
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| memset, wmemset | |
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| Input/Output Facilities | |
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| FILE, EOF, wchar_t, wint_t, WEOF | |
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| fopen, fclose, fflush, freopen, fwide | |
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| setbuf, setvbuf | |
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| stdin, stdout, stderr | |
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| fseek, ftell, rewind, fgetpos, fsetpos | |
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| fgetc, fgetwc, getc, getwc, getchar, getwchar, ungetc, ungetwc | |
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| fgets, fgetws, gets | |
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| fscanf, fwscanf, scanf, wscanf, sscanf, swscanf | |
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| fputc, fputwc, putc, putwc, putchar, putwchar | |
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| fputs, fputws, puts | |
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| fprintf, printf, sprintf, snprintf, fwprintf, wprintf, swprintf | |
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| vfprintf, vfwprintf, vprintf, vwprintf, vsprintf, vswprintf, vfscanf, vfwscanf, vscanf, vwscanf, vsscanf, vswscanf | |
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| fread, fwrite | |
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| feof, ferror, clearerr | |
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| remove, rename | |
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| tmpfile, tmpnam, mktemp | |
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| General Utilities | |
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| malloc, calloc, malalloc, clalloc, free, cfree | |
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| rand, srand, RAND_MAX | |
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| atof, atoi, atol, atoll 1 | |
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| strtod, strtof, strtold, strtol, strtoll, strtoul, strtoull | |
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| abort, atexit, exit,_Exit, EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS | |
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| getenv | |
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| system | |
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| bsearch, qsort | |
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| abs, labs, llabs, div, ldiv, lldiv | |
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| mblen, mbtowc, wctomb | |
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| mbstowcs, wcstombs | |
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| Mathematical Functions | |
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| abs, labs, llabs, div, ldiv, lldiv | |
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| fabs | |
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| ceil, floor, lrint, llrint, lround, llround, nearbyint, round, rint, trunc | |
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| fmod, remainder, remquo | |
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| frexp, ldexp, modf, scalbn | |
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| exp, exp2, expm1, ilogb, log, log10, log1p, log2, logb | |
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| cbrt, fma, hypot, pow, sqrt | |
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| rand, srand, RAND_MAX | |
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| cos, sin, tan, cosh, sinh, tanh | |
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| acos, asin, atan, atan2, acosh, asinh, atanh | |
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| fdim, fmax, fmin | |
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| Type-Generic Macros | |
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| erf, erfc, lgamma, tgamma | |
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| fpclassify, isfinite, isinf, isnan, isnormal, signbit | |
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| copysign, nan, nextafter, nexttoward | |
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| isgreater, isgreaterequal, isless, islessequal, islessgreater, isunordered | |
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| Time and Date Functions | |
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| clock, clock_t, CLOCKS_PER_SEC, times | |
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| time, time_t | |
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| asctime, ctime | |
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| gmtime, localtime, mktime | |
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| difftime | |
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| strftime, wcsftime | |
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| Control Functions | |
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| assert, NDEBUG | |
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| system, exec | |
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| exit, abort | |
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| setjmp, longjmp, jmp_buf | |
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| atexit | |
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| signal, raise, gsignal, ssignal, psignal | |
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| sleep, alarm | |
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| Locale | |
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| setlocale | |
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| localeconv | |
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| Extended Integer Types | |
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| General Rules | |
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| Exact-Size Integer Types | |
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| Least-Size Types of a Minimum Width | |
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| Fast Types of a Minimum Width | |
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| Pointer-Size and Maximum-Size Integer Types | |
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| Ranges of ptrdiff_t, size_t, wchar_t, wint_t, and sig_atomic_t | |
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| imaxabs, imaxdiv, imaxdiv_t | |
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| strtoimax, strtouimax | |
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| wcstoimax, wcstoumax | |
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| Floating-Point Environment | |
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| Overview | |
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| Floating-Point Environment | |
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| Floating-Point Exceptions | |
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| Floating-Point Rounding Modes | |
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| Complex Arithmetic | |
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| Complex Library Conventions | |
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| complex, _Complex_I, imaginary,_Imaginary_I, I | |
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| CX_LIMITED_RANGE | |
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| cacos, casin, catan, ccos, csin, ctan | |
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| cacosh, casinh, catanh, ccosh, csinh, ctanh | |
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| cexp, clog, cabs, cpow, csqrt | |
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| carg, cimag, creal, conj, cproj | |
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| Wide and Multibyte Facilities | |
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| Basic Types and Macros | |
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| Conversions Between Wide and Multibyte Characters | |
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| Conversions Between Wide and Multibyte Strings | |
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| Conversions to Arithmetic Types | |
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| Input and Output Functions | |
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| String Functions | |
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| Date and Time Conversions | |
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| Wide-Character Classification and Mapping Functions | |
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| The ASCII Character Set | |
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| Syntax | |
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| Answers to the Exercises | |
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| Index | |