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(NOTE: Each chapter begins with an Instructional Objectives and Introduction section and concludes with a Summary and Problems section.) | |
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Introduction to Process Control | |
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Control Systems | |
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Process-Control Principles | |
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Servomechanisms | |
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Discrete-State Control Systems | |
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Process-Control Block Diagram | |
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Identification of Elements | |
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Block Diagram | |
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Control System Evaluation | |
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Stability | |
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Steady-State Regulation | |
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Transient Regulation | |
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Evaluation Criteria | |
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Analog and Digital Processing | |
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Data Representation | |
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ON/OFF Control | |
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Analog Control | |
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Digital Control | |
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Programmable Logic Controllers | |
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Units, Standards, and Definitions | |
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Units | |
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Analog Data Representation | |
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Definitions | |
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Process-Control Drawings | |
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Sensor Time Response | |
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First-Order Response | |
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Second-Order Response | |
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Significance and Statistics | |
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Significant Figures | |
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Statistics | |
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Analog Signal Conditioning | |
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Principles of Analog Signal Conditioning | |
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Signal-Level and Bias Changes | |
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Linearization | |
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Conversions | |
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Filtering and Impedance Matching | |
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Concept of Loading | |
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Passive Circuits | |
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Divider Circuits | |
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Bridge Circuits | |
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RC Filters | |
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Operational Amplifiers | |
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Op Amp Characteristics | |
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Op Amp Specifications | |
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Op Amp Circuits in Instrumentation | |
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Voltage Follower | |
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Inverting Amplifier | |
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Noninverting Amplifier | |
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Differential Instrumentation Amplifier | |
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Voltage-to-Current Converter | |
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Current-to-Voltage Converter | |
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Integrator | |
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Differentiator | |
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Linearization | |
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Design Guidelines | |
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Digital Signal Conditioning | |
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Review of Digital Fundamentals | |
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Digital Information | |
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Fractional Binary Numbers | |
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Boolean Algebra | |
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Digital Electronics | |
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Programmable Logic Controllers | |
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Computer Interface | |
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Converters | |
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Comparators | |
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Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) | |
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Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) | |
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Frequency-Based Converters | |
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Data-Acquisition Systems | |
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DAS Hardware | |
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DAS Software | |
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Characteristics of Digital Data | |
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Digitized Value | |
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Sampled Data Systems | |
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Linearization | |
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Thermal Sensors | |
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Definition of Temperature | |
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Thermal Energy | |
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Temperature | |
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Metal Resistance versus Temperature Devices | |
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Metal Resistance versus Temperature | |
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Resistance versus Temperature Approximations | |
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Resistance-Temperature Detectors | |
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Thermistors | |
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Semiconductor Resistance versus Temperature | |
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Thermistor Characteristics | |
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Thermocouples | |
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Thermoelectric Effects | |
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Thermocouple Characteristics | |
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Thermocouple Sensors | |
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Other Thermal Sensors | |
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Bimetal Strips | |
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Gas Thermometers | |
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Vapor-Pressure Thermometers | |
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Liquid-Expansion Thermometers | |
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Solid-State Temperature Sensors | |
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Design Considerations | |
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Mechanical Sensors | |
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Displacement, Location, or Position Sensors | |
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Potentiometric Sensors | |
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Capacitive and Inductive Sensors | |
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Variable-Reluctance Sensors | |
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Level Sensors | |
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Strain Sensors | |
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Strain and Stress | |
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Strain Gauge Principles | |
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Metal Strain Gauges | |
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Semiconductor Strain Gauges (SGs) | |
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Load Cells | |
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Motion Sensors | |
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Types of Motion | |
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Accelerometer Principles | |
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Types of Accelerometers | |
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Applications | |
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Pressure Sensors | |
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Pressure Principles | |
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Pressure Sensors (p > 1 atmosphere) | |
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Pressure Sensors (p < 1 atmosphere) | |
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Flow Sensors | |
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Solid-Flow Measurement | |
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Liquid Flow | |
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Optical Sensors | |