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Introduction, Measurement, Estimating | |
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The Nature of Science | |
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Physics and Its Relation to Other Fields | |
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Models, Theories, and Laws | |
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Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures | |
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Units, Standards, and the SI System | |
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Converting Units | |
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Order-of-Magnitude: Rapid Estimating | |
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Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension | |
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Reference Frames and Displacement | |
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Average Velocity | |
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Instantaneous Velocity | |
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Acceleration | |
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Motion at Constant Acceleration | |
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Solving Problems | |
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Falling Objects | |
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Graphical Analysis of Linear Motion | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Kinematics in Two Dimensions; Vectors | |
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Vectors and Scalars | |
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Addition of Vectors-Graphical Methods | |
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Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar | |
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Adding Vectors by Components | |
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Projectile Motion | |
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Solving Problems Involving Projectile Motion | |
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Projectile Motion is Parabolic | |
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Relative Velocity | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Dynamics: Newton's Laws of Motion | |
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Force | |
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Newton's First Law of Motion | |
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Mass | |
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Newton's Second Law of Motion | |
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Newton's Third Law of Motion | |
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Weight-the Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force | |
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Solving Problems with Newton's Laws: Free-Body Diagrams | |
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Applications Involving Friction, Inclines | |
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Problem Solving-A General Approach | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Circular Motion; Gravitation | |
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Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion | |
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Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion | |
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Highway Curves, Banked and Unbanked | |
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Nonuniform Circular Motion | |
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Centrifugation | |
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Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation | |
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Gravity Near the Earth's Surface; Geophysical Applications | |
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Satellites and "Weightlessness" | |
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Kepler's Laws and Newton's Synthesis | |
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Types of Forces in Nature | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Work and Energy | |
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Work Done by a Constant Force | |
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Work Done by a Variable Force | |
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Kinetic Energy, and the Work-Energy Principle | |
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Potential Energy | |
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Conservative and Nonconservative Forces | |
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Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation | |
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Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy | |
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Other Forms of Energy; Energy Transformations and the Law of Conservation of Energy | |
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Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems | |
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Power | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Linear Momentum | |
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Momentum and Its Relation to Force | |
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Conservation of Momentum | |
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Collisions and Impulse | |
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Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions | |
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Elastic Collisions in One Dimension | |
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Inelastic Collisions | |
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Collisions in Two or Three Dimensions | |
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Center of Mass (CM) | |
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CM for the Human Body | |
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Center of Mass and Translational Motion | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Rotational Motion | |
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Angular Quantities | |
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Constant Angular Acceleration | |
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Rolling Motion (Without Slipping) | |
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Torque | |
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Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia | |
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Solving Problems in Rotational Dynamics | |
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Rotational Kinetic Energy | |
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Angular Momentum and Its Conservation | |
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Vector Nature of Angular Quantities | |
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Suggestion for Solving Problems | |
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Static Equilibrium; Elasticity and Fracture | |
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The Conditions for Equilibrium | |
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Solving Statics Problems | |
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Applications to Muscles and Joints | |
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Stability and Balance | |
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Elasticity; Stress and Strain | |
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Fracture | |
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Spanning a Space: Arches and Domes | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Fluids | |
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Phases of Matter | |
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Density and Specific Gravity | |
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Pressure in Fluids | |
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Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure | |
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Pascal's Principle | |
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Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer | |
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Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle | |
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Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity | |
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Bernoulli's Equation | |
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Applications of Bernoulli's Principle: from Torricelli to Airplanes, Baseballs, and TIA | |
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Viscosity | |
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Flow in Tubes: Poiseuille's Equation, Blood Flow | |
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Surface Tension and Capillarity | |
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Pumps, and the Heart | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Vibrations and Waves | |
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Simple Harmonic Motion | |
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Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator | |
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The Period and Sinusoidal Nature of SHM | |
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The Simple Pendulum | |
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Damped Oscillations | |
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Forced Vibrations; Resonance | |
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Wave Motion | |
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Types of Waves; Transverse and Longitudinal | |
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Energy Transported by Waves | |
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Intensity Related to Amplitude and Frequency | |
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Reflection and Transmission of Waves | |
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Interference | |
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Standing Waves; Resonance | |
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Refraction | |
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Diffraction | |
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Mathematical Representation of a Traveling Wave | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Sound | |
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Characteristics of Sound | |
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Intensity of Sound: Decibels | |
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The Ear and Its Response; Loudness | |
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Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns | |
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Quality of Sound, and Noise; Superposition | |
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Interference of Sound Waves; Beats | |
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Doppler Effect | |
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Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom | |
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Applications: Sonar, Ultrasound, and Medical Imaging | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Temperature and Kinetic Theory | |
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Atomic Theory of Matter | |
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Temperature and Thermometers | |
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Thermal Equilibrium and Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Thermal Expansion | |
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Heat Thermal Stress | |
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The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature | |
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The Ideal Gas Law | |
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Problem Solving with the Ideal Gas Law | |
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Ideal Gas Law in terms of Molecules: Avogadro's Number | |
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Kinetic Theory and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature | |
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Distribution of Molecular Speeds | |
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Real Gases and Changes of Phase | |
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Vapor Pressure and Humidity | |
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Diffusion | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Heat | |
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Heat as Energy Transfer | |
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Internal Energy | |
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Specific Heat | |
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Calorimetry-Solving Problems | |
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Latent Heat | |
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Heat Transfer: Conduction | |
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Heat Transfer: Convection | |
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Heat Transfer: Radiation | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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The Laws of Thermodynamics | |
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The First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Thermodynamic Processes and the First Law | |
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Human Metabolism and the First Law | |
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics-Introduction | |
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Heat Engines | |
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Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps | |
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Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Order to Disorder | |
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Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death | |
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Evolution and Growth; "Time Arrow" | |
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Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law | |
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Thermal Pollution and Global Warming | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Electric Charge and Electric Field | |
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Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation | |
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Electric Charge in the Atom | |
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Insulators and Conductors | |
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Induced Charge; the Electroscope | |
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Coulomb's Law | |
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Solving Problems involving Coulomb's Law and Vectors | |
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The Electric Field | |
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Field Lines | |
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Electric Fields and Conductors | |
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Gauss's Law | |
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Electric Field in Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Replication | |
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Photocopy Machines and Computer Printers Use Electrostatics | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Electric Potential | |
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Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference | |
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Relation Between Electric Potential and Electric Field | |
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Equipotential Lines | |
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The Electron Volt, a Unit of Energy | |
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Electric Potential Due to Point Charges | |
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Potential Due to Electric Dipole; Dipole Moment | |
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Capacitors | |
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Dielectrics | |
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Storage of Electrical Energy | |
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Cathode Ray Tube: TV and Computer Monitors, Oscilloscope | |
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The Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Electric Currents | |
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Electric Battery | |
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Electric Current | |
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Ohm's Law: Resistance and Resistors | |
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Resistivity | |
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Electric Power | |
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Power in Household Circuits | |
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Alternating Current | |
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Microscopic View of Electric Current | |
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Superconductivity | |
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Electric Conduction in the Human Nervous System | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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DC Circuits | |
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EMF and Terminal Voltage | |
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Resistors in Series and in Parallel | |
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Kirchhoff's Rules | |
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EMFs in Series and in Parallel; Charging a Battery | |
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Circuits Containing Capacitors in Series and in Parallel | |
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RC Circuits-Resistor and Capacitor in Series | |
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Electric Hazards | |
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Ammeters and Voltmeters | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Magnetism | |
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Magnets and Magnetic Fields | |
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Electric Currents Produce Magnetic Fields | |
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Force on an Electric Current in a Magnetic Field; Definition of B | |
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Force on Electric Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field | |
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The Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire | |
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Force Between Two Parallel Wires | |
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Electromagnets and Solenoids | |
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Ampere's Law | |
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Torque on a Current Loop; Magnetic Moment | |
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Applications: Galvanometers, Motors, Loudspeakers | |
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Mass Spectrometers | |
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Ferromagnetism: Domains and Hysteresis | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday's Law | |
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Induced EMF | |
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Faraday's Law of Induction; Lenz's Law | |
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EMF Induced in a Moving Conductor | |
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Changing Magnetic Flux Produces an Electric Field | |
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Electric Generators | |
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Back EMF and Counter Torque; Eddy Currents | |
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Transformers; Transmission of Power | |
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Applications of Induction: Sound Systems, Computer Memory, the Seismograph | |
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Inductance | |
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Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field | |
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LR Circuit | |
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AC Circuits and Impedance | |
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LRC Series AC Circuit; Problem Solving | |
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Resonance in AC Circuits; Oscillators | |
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Impedance Matching | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Electromagnetic Waves | |
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Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Maxwell's Equations | |
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Production of Electromagnetic Waves | |
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Light as an Electromagnetic wave and the Electromagnetic Spectrum | |
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Measuring the Speed of Light | |
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Energy in EM Waves | |
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Momentum Transfer and Radiation Pressure | |
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Radio and Television: Wireless Communication | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Light: Geometric Optics | |
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The Ray Model of Light | |
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Reflection; Image Formation by a Planar Mirror | |
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Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors | |
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Index of Refraction | |
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Refraction: Snell's Law | |
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Total Internal Reflection; Fiber Optics | |
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Thin Lenses; Ray Tracing | |
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The Thin Lens Equation; Magnification | |
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Combinations of Lenses | |
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The Lensmaker's Equation | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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The Wave Nature of Light | |
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Waves Versus Particles; Huygens' Principle and Diffraction | |
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Huygens' Principle and the law of Refraction | |
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Interference-Young's Double-Slit Experiment | |
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The Visible Spectrum and Dispersion | |
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Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk | |
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Diffraction Gratings | |
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The Spectrometer and Spectroscopy | |
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Interference by Thin Films | |
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Michelson Interferometer | |
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Polarization | |
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Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) | |
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Scattering of Light by the Atmosphere | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Optical Instruments | |
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Cameras, Standard and Digital | |
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The Human Eye; Corrective Lenses | |
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The Magnifying Glass | |
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Telescopes | |
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Compound Microscope | |
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Aberrations of Lenses and Mirrors | |
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Limits of Resolution; the Raleigh Criterion | |
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Resolution of Telescopes and Microscopes; the [Lambda] Limit | |
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Resolution of the Human Eye and Useful Magnification | |
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Specialty Microscopes and Contrast | |
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X-Rays and X-Ray Diffraction | |
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X-Ray Imaging and Computerized Axial Tomography (CT Scan) | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Special Theory of Relativity | |
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Galilean-Newtonian Relativity | |
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Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity | |
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Simultaneity | |
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Time Dilation and the Twin Paradox | |
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Length Contraction | |
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Four-Dimensional Space-Time | |
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Relativistic Momentum and Mass | |
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The Ultimate Speed | |
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E = mc[superscript 2]; Mass and Energy | |
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Relativistic Addition of Velocities | |
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The Impact of Special Relativity | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Early Quantum Theory and Models of the Atoms | |
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Discovery and Properties of the Electron | |
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Planck's Quantum Hypothesis | |
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Photon Theory of Light and the Photoelectric Effect | |
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Compton Effect | |
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Photon Interactions, Pair Production | |
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Wave-Particle Duality; the Principle of Complementarity | |
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Wave Nature of Matter | |
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Electron Microscopes | |
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Early Models of the Atom | |
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Atomic Spectra: Key to the Structure of the Atom | |
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The Bohr Model | |
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de Broglie Hypothesis As Applied to Atoms | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Quantum Mechanics of Atoms | |
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Quantum Mechanics-A New Theory | |
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The Wave Function and Its Interpretation; the Double-Slit Experiment | |
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The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | |
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Philosophical Implications; Probability versus Determinism | |
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Quantum-Mechanical View of Atoms | |
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Quantum Mechanics of the Hydrogen Atom; Quantum Numbers | |
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Complex Atoms; the Exclusion Principle | |
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The Periodic Table of Elements | |
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X-Ray Spectra and Atomic Number | |
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Fluorescence and Phosphorescence | |
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Lasers | |
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Holography | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Molecules and Solids | |
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Bonding in Molecules | |
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Potential Energy Diagrams for Molecules | |
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Weak (van der Waals) Bonds | |
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Molecular Spectra | |
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Bonding in Solids | |
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Band Theory of Solids | |
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Semiconductors and Doping | |
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Semiconductor Diodes | |
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Transistors and Integrated Circuits | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity | |
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Structure and Properties of the Nucleus | |
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Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces | |
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Radioactivity | |
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Alpha Decay | |
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Beta Decay | |
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Gamma Decay | |
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Conservation of Nucleon Number and Other Conservation Laws | |
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Half-Life and Rate of Decay | |
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Calculations Involving Decay Rates and Half-Life | |
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Decay Series | |
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Radioactive Dating | |
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Stability and Tunneling | |
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Detection of Radiation | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Nuclear Energy; Effects and Uses of Radiation | |
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Nuclear Reactions and the Transmutation of Elements | |
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Nuclear Fission; Nuclear Reactors | |
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Fusion | |
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Passage of Radiation Through Matter; Radiation Damage | |
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Measurement of Radiation-Dosimetry | |
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Radiation Therapy | |
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Tracers and Imaging in Research and Medicine | |
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Emission Tomography | |
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Elementary Particles | |
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High Energy Particles and Accelerators | |
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Beginnings of Elementary Particle Physics-Particle Exchange | |
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Particles and Antiparticles | |
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Particle Interactions and Conservation Laws | |
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Particle Classification | |
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Particle Stability and Resonances | |
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Strange Particles | |
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Quarks | |
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The "Standard Model": Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and the Electroweak Theory | |
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Grand Unified Theories | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |
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Astrophysics and Cosmology | |
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Stars and Galaxies | |
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Stellar Evolution: The Birth and Death of Stars | |
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Distance Measurements | |
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General Relativity: Gravity and the Curvature of Space | |
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The Expanding Universe: Red Shift and Hubble's Law | |
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The Big Bang and the Cosmic Microwave Background | |
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The Standard Cosmological Model: The Early History of the Universe | |
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Mass-Energy in the Universe; Dark Matter and Dark Energy | |
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Large-Scale Structure of the Universe | |
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Finally... | |
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Suggestions for Solving Problems | |