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| Contributing Authors | |
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| Preface | |
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| Standard Photorefractive Model as a Foundation of Real-Time Holography | |
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| Introduction (photorefractive "Old Testament") | |
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| Basic equations | |
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| Small-contrast approximation | |
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| Space-charge waves and dispersion relations | |
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| High-contrast gratings | |
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| Photoinduced anisotropic photoconductivity for optical interconnection of two electric circuits | |
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| Photoconductivity grating as an optically scanning antenna | |
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| Subharmonic domains of the space-charge waves | |
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| Formation of the spatiotemporal patterns and domains, optical channeling | |
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| Conversion of heat into electric current by moving gratings | |
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| Basic model of thermoelectric transient current | |
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| Solution of the basic equations | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| References | |
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| Light-Induced Charge Transport in Photorefractive Crystals | |
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| Summary | |
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| Introduction | |
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| One-center model | |
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| Two-center model | |
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| Three-valence model | |
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| Charge transport in different crystals | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Acknowledgment | |
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| References | |
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| Nonlinear Self-Organization in Photorefractive Materials | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basic experimental observations | |
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| Theory | |
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| Fabry-Perot modes | |
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| Model equations | |
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| Instability criterion and the dispersion relation | |
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| Nonlinear eigenmodes in the steady state | |
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| Self-phase conjugation | |
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| Model of hexagonal formation based on transverse electrical instability | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgment | |
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| References | |
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| Liquid Crystal Photorefractive Optics: Dynamic and Storage Holographic Grating Formation, Wave Mixing, and Beam/Image Processing | |
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| Summary | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Nematic films under applied dc bias field | |
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| Space-charge field formation and refractive index change | |
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| Optical wave mixing effects in C60 doped films | |
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| Self-diffraction in homeotropically and planar aligned film | |
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| Beam amplification--theory and experiments | |
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| Storage grating capability | |
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| Methyl red-doped nematic liquid crystal films | |
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| Optical wave mixing and transient grating diffraction | |
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| Optically induced dc voltages | |
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| Self-defocusing and limiting at nanowatt cw laser power | |
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| Image processing--incoherent to coherent image conversion, adaptive optics | |
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| Storage holographic grating formation | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgment | |
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| References | |
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| Spectral and Spatial Diffraction in a Nonlinear Photorefractive Hologram | |
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| Nonlinear beam coupling and erasure dynamics on hologram diffraction spectral characteristics | |
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| Coupled-recording-wave approach for PR reflection holograms | |
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| Spectral diffraction characteristics | |
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| Refractive-index anisotropy on hologram spatial diffraction properties | |
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| Spatial diffraction properties | |
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| Effect on reconstructed hologram image fidelity and on multiplexing scheme | |
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| Anisotropic intrasignal coupling | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Acknowledgment | |
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| References | |
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| Holographic Memory Systems Using Photorefractive Materials | |
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| Abstract | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Data storage density of two-dimensional holograms | |
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| The effect of noise on storage density | |
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| The role of optics in the realization of high storage density | |
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| Holographic random access data storage system | |
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| Suppression of interference noise by optimizing spatial spectra of two-dimensional holograms | |
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| Superresolution approach for increasing storage density | |
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| Photorefractive materials for rewritable holograms | |
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| Holographic memory systems using photorefractive crystals | |
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| Nondestructive reading of 3-D holograms recorded in photorefractive crystals | |
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| Application of reflection holograms | |
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| Holographic memory systems using one-dimensional holograms | |
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| Three-dimensional multilayer holographic memory | |
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| Interference noises in three-dimensional data carriers and volume storage density | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgment | |
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| References | |
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| Cross Talk in Volume Holographic Memory | |
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| Cross talk | |
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| Angle-multiplexed Fourier plane holographic memory | |
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| Wavelength-multiplexed Fourier plane holographic memory | |
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| Angle-multiplexed image plane holographic memory | |
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| Grating Detuning | |
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| Plane reference wave | |
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| Gaussian reference wave | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| References | |
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| Imaging and Storage with Spherical-Reference Volume Holograms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Volume holographic systems | |
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| Multiplexing schemes and architectures | |
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| Volume holographic materials | |
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| Volume diffraction theory | |
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| Shift multiplexing | |
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| Introductory remarks | |
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| Volume diffraction from spherical-reference holograms | |
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| Shift selectivity in the transmission geometry | |
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| Volume holographic degeneracies in the transmission geometry | |
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| Imaging with volume holograms | |
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| Introductory remarks | |
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| Reflection geometry, plane-wave signal | |
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| Reflection geometry, spherical wave signal | |
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| 90[degree] geometry, plane-wave signal | |
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| 90[degree] geometry, spherical wave signal | |
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| Concluding remarks | |
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| References | |
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| Three-Dimensionally Photorefractive Bit-Oriented Digital Memory | |
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| Abstract | |
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| Introduction: limitation and breakthrough of optical high-density data storage | |
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| Materials and optics for three-dimensional digital optical memory | |
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| Three-dimensional photopolymer memory | |
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| Lithium niobate three-dimensional digital memory | |
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| Two-photon recording in lithium niobate | |
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| Fixing the data | |
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| Photocromic recording in photorefractive crystals | |
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| Photorefractive photochromic memory | |
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| Optical design for reflection confocal memory | |
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| Concluding remarks: comparison with other advanced data storages | |
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| References | |
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| Conditions for Confocal Readout of Three-Dimensional Photorefractive data bits | |
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| Abstract | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Three-dimensional bit data storage | |
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| Confocal scanning microscopy | |
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| Passband of the 3-D coherent transfer function for reflection confocal microscopy | |
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| Spatial frequency response of 3-D data bits recorded by the single-photon photorefractive effect | |
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| Spatial frequency response of 3-D data bits recorded by the two-photon photorefractive effect | |
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| Effect of refractive index mismatch | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Three-Dimensional Photorefractive Memory Based on Phase-Code and Rotational Multiplexing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Phase-code multiplexing | |
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| Construction of Hadamard phase-codes for holographic memories | |
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| Utilization of Hadamard phase-codes of m [not equal] 2[superscript n] in holographic memories | |
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| Increase storage density by rotation multiplexing | |
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| Demonstration with off-the-shelf devices | |
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| Demonstration system design | |
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| Performance potential | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Compact Holographic Memory Module | |
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| Abstract | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Conjugate readout method | |
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| Dynamic hologram refresher chip | |
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| Periodic copying | |
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| Compact fast-access architecture | |
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| Readout | |
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| System volume density | |
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| Recording rate | |
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| Cost | |
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| Pixel size limit for holograms | |
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| Roadmap for a competitive HRAM technology | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Dynamic Interconnections Using Photorefractive Crystals | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Photorefractive waveguides | |
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| Fabrication | |
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| Model of photorefractive waveguides | |
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| Modification of waveguide structure for dynamic interconnections | |
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| Application | |
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| Segmented photorefractive waveguide | |
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| Fabrication | |
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| Tolerance for fabrication errors | |
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| Transformation of waveguide structure for dynamic interconnections | |
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| Array of photorefractive waveguides | |
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| Fabrication technique | |
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| Experiments | |
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| Maximum density of photorefractive waveguides | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Self-Pumped Phase Conjugation in BaTiO[subscript 3]:Rh for Dynamic Wavefront Correction of Nd:YAG Lasers | |
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| Characterization of the materials | |
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| Characterization with continuous-wave illumination | |
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| Performances of oxidized crystals | |
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| Characterization with nanosecond illumination | |
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| Self-Pumped Phase Conjugation | |
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| Internal loop self-pumped phase conjugate mirror | |
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| Ring self-pumped phase conjugation | |
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| Dynamic wavefront correction of MOPA laser sources | |
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| Origin of aberrations in Nd:YAG amplifier rods | |
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| MOPA laser sources including a photorefractive self-pumped phase conjugate mirror | |
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| Comparison of photorefractive self-pumped phase conjugation to other existing techniques | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Space-Time Processing with Photorefractive Volume Holography Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Spatial-domain holography | |
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| Temporal holography | |
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| Time-domain holography | |
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| Spectral holography | |
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| Space-time holographic processing | |
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| Summary and future directions | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| References | |
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| Dynamics of Photorefractive Fibers | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Fabrication of photorefractive fibers | |
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| Constructing photorefractive fiber holograms | |
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| Selectivities of fiber holograms | |
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| Cross talk noise | |
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| Recording erasure dynamics | |
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| Storage capacity | |
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| Application to photonic devices | |
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| As applied to holographic memories | |
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| As applied to fiber sensors | |
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| As applied to tunable filters | |
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| As applied to true-time delay lines | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |