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| Preface | |
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| Definitions of abbreviations for the charts and tables | |
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| The concept of biodiversity | |
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| Defining biodiversity | |
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| Biodiversity at species level | |
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| Biodiversity at higher taxonomic levels | |
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| Biodiversity at genetic level | |
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| Biodiversity at ecosystem level | |
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| The course of biodiversity | |
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| The relationship between biodiversity and natural product diversity | |
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| Taxonomy, phylogeny, and natural products | |
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| The problem of unculturable species | |
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| Natural product diversity: at which rank? | |
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| The molecular rank | |
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| The taxonomic and ecological rank | |
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| Natural product diversity at ecosystem level | |
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| Terrestrial and freshwater biomes | |
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| Tropical rain forest, grassland and savanna, scrub and deciduous forest | |
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| American tropical and subtropical land | |
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| African tropical and subtropical land | |
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| Eastern tropical and subtropical land | |
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| Temperate grassland, deciduous forest, and chaparral | |
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| The taiga and the tundra | |
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| The oceans | |
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| Zonation of the seas and oceans | |
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| Indo-Pacific | |
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| Caribbean | |
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| Panamanian | |
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| Mediterranean | |
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| North Pacific | |
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| South Pacific | |
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| North Atlantic | |
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| South Atlantic | |
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| Zealandic | |
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| Arctic | |
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| Antarctic | |
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| Internal seas | |
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| The widespread distribution of natural products | |
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| The widespread distribution of natural products on land | |
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| The widespread distribution of natural products in the oceans | |
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| Found both on land and in the sea | |
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| Terrestrial vs marine natural product diversity | |
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| Life under extreme conditions | |
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| Graphic analysis of the skeletal diversity and complexity of natural products | |
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| Natural product diversity at functional level | |
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| Signaling, defensive, and environmentally relevant metabolites | |
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| Recruiting, alarming, and growth stimulating agents | |
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| Antifeedant and antimicrobial agents | |
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| Toxins and environmentally noxious metabolites | |
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| Messengers of biodiversity | |
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| Mediators of signals | |
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| Exploiting natural product diversity | |
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| Food, food additives, and food processing from land and the oceans | |
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| Commercial natural drugs and folk medicines | |
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| Natural products, derivatives, and extracts in development as drugs | |
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| Fragrances and cosmetics | |
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| Technological compounds and laboratory tools | |
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| Drugs of abuse | |
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| Biotechnology and chemical synthesis of natural products | |
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| The role of biotechnology | |
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| Biotechnology and natural products | |
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| Biocatalysis | |
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| The role of chemical synthesis | |
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| Threatening and management of natural product diversity | |
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| Threatening natural product diversity | |
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| Fossil molecules and past natural product diversity | |
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| Endangered natural products | |
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| Threats from farming and urbanization | |
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| Threats from the introduction of alien species | |
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| Threats from toxicity, ecotoxicity, and climate changes following industrialization | |
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| Threats from biotechnology | |
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| A tentative list of endangered natural products | |
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| Our biased view? | |
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| Management of natural product diversity | |
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| Preserving natural product diversity through the management of living species | |
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| Preserving natural product diversity through collections and gene banks | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |