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List of Boxes | |
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About the Authors | |
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Preface | |
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Introduction to Sociological Theory | |
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Creating Sociological Theory | |
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Defining Sociological Theory | |
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Creating Sociological Theory: A More Realistic View | |
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Multicultural Social Theory | |
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Overview of the Book | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Classical Theories I | |
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Emile Durkheim: From Mechanical to Organic Solidarity | |
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Two Types of Solidarity | |
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Changes in Dynamic Density | |
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Collective Conscience | |
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Law: Repressive and Restitutive | |
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Anomie | |
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Karl Marx: From Capitalism to Communism | |
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Human Potential | |
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Alienation | |
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Capitalism | |
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Communism | |
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Max Weber: The Rationalization of Society | |
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Social Action | |
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Behavior and Action | |
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Types of Action | |
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Types of Rationality | |
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The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism | |
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Confucianism, Hinduism, and Capitalism | |
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Authority Structures and Rationalization | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Classical Theories II | |
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Georg Simmel: The Growing Tragedy of Culture | |
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Association | |
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Forms and Types | |
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Consciousness | |
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Group Size | |
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Distance and the Stranger | |
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Distance and Value | |
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Objective and Subjective Culture | |
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Division of Labor | |
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Thorstein Veblen: Increasing Control of Business over Industry | |
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Business | |
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Industry | |
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George Herbert Mead: Social Behaviorism | |
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The Act | |
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Gestures | |
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Significant Symbols and Language | |
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The Self | |
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I and Me | |
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W.E.B. Du Bios: Race and Racism in Modern Society | |
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Race | |
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The Veil and Double-Consciousness | |
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Economics and Marxism | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Contemporary Grand Theories I | |
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Structural Functionalism | |
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The Functional Theory of Stratification and Its Critics | |
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Talcott Parsons's Structural Functionalism | |
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Robert Merton's Structural Functionalism | |
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Conflict Theory | |
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The Work of Ralf Dahrendorf | |
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Authority | |
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Groups, Conflict, and Change | |
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General System Theory | |
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The Work of Niklas Luhmann | |
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System and Environment | |
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Autopoiesis | |
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Differentiation | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Contemporary Grand Theories II | |
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Neo-Marxian Theory | |
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Critical Theory and the Emergence of the Culture Industry | |
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Neo-Marxian Spatial Analysis | |
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The Civilizing Process | |
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Examples of the Civilizing Process | |
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Explaining the Changes: Lengthening Dependency Chains | |
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A Case Study: Fox Hunting | |
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The Colonization of the Lifeworld | |
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Lifeworld, System, and Colonization | |
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Rationalization of System and Lifeworld | |
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The Juggernaut of Modernity | |
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The Juggernaut | |
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Space and Time | |
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Reflexivity | |
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Insecurity and Risks | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Contemporary Theories of Everyday Life | |
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Symbolic Interactionism | |
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Dramaturgy | |
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Dramaturgy | |
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Impression Management | |
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Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis | |
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Defining Ethnomethodology | |
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Accounts | |
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Some Examples | |
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Accomplishing Gender | |
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Exchange Theory | |
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The Exchange Theory of George Homans | |
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Basic Propositions | |
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Rational Choice Theory | |
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A Skeletal Model | |
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Foundations of Social Theory | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Contemporary Integrative Theories | |
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A More Integrated Exchange Theory | |
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Exchange Relationships and Networks | |
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Power-Dependence | |
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A More Integrative Exchange Theory | |
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Structuration Theory | |
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Elements of Structuration Theory | |
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Culture and Agency | |
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Habitus and Field | |
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Bridging Subjectivism and Objectivism | |
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Habitus | |
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Field | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Contemporary Feminist Theories | |
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The Basic Theoretical Questions | |
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The Classical Roots | |
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Contemporary Feminist Theories | |
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Gender Difference | |
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General Feminist Theories of Difference | |
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Sociological Theories of Difference | |
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Gender Inequality | |
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Gender Oppression | |
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Structural Oppression | |
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Toward a Feminist Sociological Theory | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Postmodern Grand Theories | |
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The Transition from Industrial to Postindustrial Society | |
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Increasing Governmentality (and Other Grand Theories) | |
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Increasing Governmentality | |
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Other Grand Theories | |
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Postmodernity as Modernity's Coming of Age | |
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Learning to Live with Ambivalence? | |
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Postmodern Ethics | |
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The Rise of Consumer Society, Loss of Symbolic Exchange, and Increase in Simulations | |
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From Producer to Consumer Society | |
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The Loss of Symbolic Exchange and the Increase in Simulations | |
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The Consumer Society and the New Means of Consumption | |
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Queer Theory: Sex and Sexuality | |
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The Heterosexual/Homosexual Binary | |
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Performing Sex | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Globalization Theory | |
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Major Contemporary Theorists on Globalization | |
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Anthony Giddens on the "Runaway World" of Globalization | |
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Ulrich Beck and the Politics of Globalization | |
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Zygmunt Bauman on the Human Consequences of Globalization | |
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Cultural Theory | |
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Cultural Differentialism | |
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Cultural Convergence | |
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Cultural Hybridization | |
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Economic Theory | |
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Neo-Liberalism | |
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Critiquing Neo-Liberalism | |
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Neo-Marxian Theoretical Alternatives to Neo-Liberalism | |
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Transnational Capitalism | |
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Political Theory | |
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Summary | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Glossary | |
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Permission and Source Acknowledgments | |
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Index | |