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| Foreword to the first edition | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| The authors | |
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| The contributors | |
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| Fundamental principles | |
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| Sports medicine: the team approach | |
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| The sports medicine team | |
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| The challenges of management | |
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| The coach, the athlete and the clinician | |
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| Love thy sport | |
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| Sports injuries | |
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| Acute injuries | |
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| Overuse injuries | |
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| But it's not that simple... | |
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| Pain: where is it coming from? | |
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| Pain-producing structures | |
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| Referred pain | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Beware: conditions masquerading as sports injuries | |
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| How to recognize a condition masquerading as a sports injury | |
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| Conditions masquerading as sports injuries | |
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| Biomechanics of common sporting injuries | |
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| Correct biomechanics | |
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| Lower limb biomechanics | |
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| Biomechanics of walking | |
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| Biomechanics of running | |
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| Abnormal lower limb biomechanics | |
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| Common structural abnormalities | |
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| Assessment of lower limb biomechanics | |
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| Correction of biomechanics | |
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| Upper limb biomechanics | |
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| Biomechanics of swimming | |
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| Biomechanics of tennis | |
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| Biomechanics of other overhead sports | |
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| Biomechanics of cycling | |
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| Principles of injury prevention | |
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| Warm-up | |
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| Stretching | |
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| Taping and bracing | |
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| Protective equipment | |
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| Suitable equipment | |
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| Appropriate surfaces | |
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| Appropriate training | |
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| Adequate recovery | |
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| Psychology and injury prevention | |
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| Nutrition and injury prevention | |
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| Principles of diagnosis | |
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| Making a diagnosis | |
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| History | |
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| Examination | |
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| Investigations | |
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| Radiological investigation | |
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| The diagnosis | |
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| Principles of treatment | |
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| Initial treatment | |
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| To mobilize or immobilize? | |
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| Therapeutic drugs | |
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| Heat and cold | |
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| Electrotherapeutic modalities | |
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| Manual therapy | |
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| Acupuncture | |
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| Dry needling | |
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| Hyperbaric oxygen | |
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| Extracorporeal shock wave therapy | |
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| Surgery | |
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| Principles of rehabilitation | |
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| The rehabilitation program | |
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| Muscle conditioning | |
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| Flexibility | |
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| Proprioception | |
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| Functional exercises | |
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| Sport skills | |
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| Correction of biomechanical abnormalities | |
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| Cardiovascular fitness | |
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| Hydrotherapy | |
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| Progression of rehabilitation | |
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| Stages of rehabilitation | |
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| Monitoring the rehabilitation program | |
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| Psychology and rehabilitation of injury | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Regional problems | |
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| Minor head injury in sport | |
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| Applied pathophysiology | |
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| Grading of concussion | |
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| Complications of concussion | |
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| Management of the concussed athlete | |
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| Post-concussion syndrome | |
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| Recurrent episodes of concussion | |
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| Prevention of concussion | |
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| Headache | |
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| Clinical approach to the patient with headache | |
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| Vascular headaches | |
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| Cervical headache | |
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| Exercise-related causes of headache | |
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| Facial injuries | |
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| Functional anatomy | |
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| Soft tissue injuries | |
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| Nose | |
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| Ear | |
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| Eye | |
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| Teeth | |
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| Fractures of facial bones | |
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| Prevention of facial injuries | |
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| Neck pain | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Treatment of the athlete with neck pain | |
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| Neck pain syndromes | |
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| Shoulder pain | |
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| Functional anatomy | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Impingement | |
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| Rotator cuff injuries | |
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| Glenoid labrum injuries | |
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| Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint | |
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| Shoulder instability | |
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| Fracture of the clavicle | |
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| Acromioclavicular joint injuries | |
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| Referred pain | |
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| Less common causes of shoulder pain | |
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| Guidelines for shoulder rehabilitation | |
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| Putting it all together: specific rehabilitation protocols | |
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| Elbow and forearm pain | |
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| Lateral elbow pain | |
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| Medial elbow pain | |
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| Posterior elbow pain | |
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| Acute elbow injuries | |
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| Forearm pain | |
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| Wrist and hand pain | |
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| Acute injuries to the wrist | |
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| Wrist pain of gradual onset | |
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| Hand and finger injuries | |
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| Thoracic and chest pain | |
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| Thoracic pain | |
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| Chest pain | |
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| Low back pain | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Severe low back pain | |
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| Mild to moderate low back pain | |
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| Acute nerve root compression | |
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| Stress fracture of the pars interarticularis | |
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| Spondylolisthesis | |
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| Lumbar hypermobility | |
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| Sacroiliac inflammation | |
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| Rehabilitation following low back pain | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Buttock pain | |
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| Clinical approach | |
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| Referred pain from the lumbar spine | |
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| Sacroiliac joint disorders | |
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| Hamstring origin tendinopathy | |
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| Ischiogluteal bursitis | |
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| Myofascial pain | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Conditions not to be missed | |
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| Hip and groin pain | |
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| Clinical approach | |
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| Adductor muscle strains | |
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| Osteitis pubis | |
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| Adductor tendinopathy | |
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| Obturator neuropathy | |
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| Trochanteric bursitis | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Anterior thigh pain | |
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| Clinical approach | |
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| Quadriceps contusion | |
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| Myositis ossificans | |
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| Quadriceps muscle strain | |
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| Differentiating between a mild quadriceps strain and a quadriceps contusion | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Posterior thigh pain | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Hamstring muscle strains | |
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| Referred pain to posterior thigh | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Acute knee injuries | |
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| Functional anatomy | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Meniscal injuries | |
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| Medial collateral ligament injury | |
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| Anterior cruciate ligament tears | |
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| Posterior cruciate ligament tear | |
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| Lateral collateral ligament tears | |
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| Articular cartilage damage | |
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| Acute patellar trauma | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Chronic instability | |
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| Anterior knee pain | |
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| Clinical approach | |
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| Patellofemoral syndrome | |
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| Patellofemoral instability | |
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| Fat pad irritation/impingement | |
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| Patellar tendinopathy | |
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| Partial tears: acute versus chronic | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Lateral, medial and posterior knee pain | |
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| Lateral knee pain | |
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| Medial knee pain | |
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| Posterior knee pain | |
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| Shin pain | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Stress fracture of the tibia | |
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| Inflammatory shin pain | |
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| Compartment syndromes | |
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| Stress fracture of the fibula | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Acute bony injuries | |
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| Calf pain | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Gastrocnemius muscle strains | |
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| Soleus muscle strains | |
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| Claudicant-type calf pain | |
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| Conditions not to be missed | |
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| Pain in the Achilles region | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Achilles tendinopathy | |
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| Early treatment and long-term rehabilitation | |
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| Achilles tendon rupture (complete) | |
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| Retrocalcaneal bursitis | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Other causes of pain in the Achilles region | |
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| Acute ankle injuries | |
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| Functional anatomy | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Lateral ligament injuries | |
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| Treatment and rehabilitation of lateral ligament injuries | |
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| Less common causes | |
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| Persistent pain after ankle sprain--'the difficult ankle' | |
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| Ankle pain | |
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| Medial ankle pain | |
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| Lateral ankle pain | |
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| Anterior ankle pain | |
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| Foot pain | |
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| Rear foot pain | |
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| Midfoot pain | |
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| Forefoot pain | |
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| The patient with longstanding symptoms | |
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| What is the diagnosis? | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Summary | |
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| Enhancing sport performance | |
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| Maximizing performance: nutrition | |
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| Maximizing energy stores | |
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| Maintaining adequate hydration | |
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| Achieving ideal body weight for performance | |
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| Bulking up | |
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| Ensuring sufficient intake of vitamins and minerals | |
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| Optimizing the pre-competition meal | |
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| Supplements | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Maximizing performance: psychology | |
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| Fundamental psychological skills | |
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| Psychological techniques to aid relaxation | |
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| Psychological skills can aid physical preparation for sport | |
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| The roles of a sports psychologist in a team | |
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| Special groups of participants | |
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| The younger athlete | |
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| Management of musculoskeletal conditions | |
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| Children with chronic illness | |
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| How much is too much? | |
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| Nutrition for the younger athlete | |
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| The 'ugly parent' syndrome | |
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| Coaches' role | |
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| The female athlete | |
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| Historical perspective | |
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| Similarities and differences between the sexes | |
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| Effect of the menstrual cycle on performance | |
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| Menstrual irregularities associated with exercise | |
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| Complications of exercise-associated menstrual cycle irregularities | |
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| Treatment of exercise-associated menstrual cycle irregularities | |
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| Contraception for the athlete | |
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| Exercise and pregnancy | |
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| Menopause | |
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| Menstrual hygiene | |
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| Breast | |
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| Environmental factors | |
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| Nutrition | |
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| Injuries | |
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| The older athlete | |
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| Tissue changes with aging | |
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| The benefits of exercise in the elderly | |
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| Risks of exercise in the elderly | |
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| Drugs and the older athlete | |
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| The disabled athlete | |
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| Classification | |
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| Injuries in disabled athletes | |
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| Doping | |
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| Management of medical problems | |
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| Sporting emergencies | |
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| Preparation | |
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| Treatment of the collapsed athlete | |
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| Severe head injury | |
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| The athlete with possible spinal injury | |
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| Dental trauma | |
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| Laryngeal and tracheal injuries | |
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| Chest injuries | |
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| Abdominal injuries | |
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| Injuries to the extremities | |
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| Other causes of collapse | |
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| Cardiovascular symptoms during exercise | |
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| Cardiovascular changes with exercise | |
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| Palpitation | |
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| Syncope | |
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| Heart murmur | |
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| Chest pain | |
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| Sudden death | |
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| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | |
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| Marfan's syndrome | |
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| Coronary artery disease | |
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| Other significant cardiac conditions in sports medicine | |
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| Special cardiac investigations | |
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| Prevention of sudden death | |
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| Respiratory symptoms during exercise | |
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| Common respiratory symptoms | |
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| Asthma | |
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| Exercise-induced bronchospasm | |
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| Sinus-related symptoms | |
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| Other exercise-related conditions | |
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| Gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise | |
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| Upper gastrointestinal symptoms | |
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| Gastrointestinal bleeding | |
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| Abdominal pain | |
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| Diarrhea | |
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| Exercise and gastrointestinal diseases | |
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| Prevention of gastrointestinal symptoms that occur with exercise | |
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| Diabetes mellitus | |
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| Type 1 diabetes | |
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| Type 2 diabetes | |
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| Exercise and diabetes | |
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| Dietary management | |
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| Complications of exercise in the diabetic athlete | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| The athlete with epilepsy | |
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| Epidemiology and nomenclature | |
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| Pathology | |
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| Generalized tonic-clonic seizure | |
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| Diagnosis of epilepsy | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Exercise prescription | |
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| Management of a seizure | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Joint-related symptoms without acute injury | |
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| The patient with a single swollen joint | |
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| The patient with low back pain and stiffness | |
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| The patient presenting with multiple painful joints | |
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| The patient with joint pain who 'hurts all over' | |
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| Ordering and interpreting rheumatological tests | |
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| Common sports-related infections | |
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| Hepatitis A | |
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| Hepatitis B | |
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| Hepatitis C | |
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| Other forms of hepatitis | |
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| Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | |
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| Infectious mononucleosis | |
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| Skin infections | |
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| Viral respiratory infections | |
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| Travelers' diarrhea | |
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| Are athletes at an increased risk of infection? | |
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| Infection and athletic performance | |
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| The tired athlete | |
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| History | |
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| Examination | |
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| Investigations | |
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| Overtraining syndrome | |
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| Viral illness | |
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| Nutritional deficiencies | |
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| Chronic fatigue syndrome | |
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| Other causes of tiredness | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Exercise in the heat | |
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| Mechanisms of heat gain and loss | |
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| Clinical perspective | |
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| Heatstroke--a temperature above 41[degree]C | |
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| Exercise-associated collapse | |
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| Cramps | |
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| Fluid overload: hyponatremia | |
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| Other causes of exercise-related collapse in hot weather | |
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| Heat acclimatization | |
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| Guidelines for the prevention of heat illness | |
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| Exercise in the cold | |
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| Generation of body heat | |
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| Heat loss | |
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| How the body perceives cold | |
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| Measurement of body temperature | |
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| Effects of hypothermia | |
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| Clinical features | |
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| General principles of managing hypothermia | |
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| Methods to achieve rewarming | |
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| Treatment of hypothermia in sport | |
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| Frostbite | |
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| Prevention of cold injuries | |
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| Exercise prescription for health | |
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| Pre-exercise evaluation | |
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| Components of exercise prescription | |
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| Exercise prescription for the older individual | |
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| Exercise prescription for the patient with hypertension | |
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| Resistance training for the cardiac patient | |
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| Exercise prescription in patients with osteoarthritis | |
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| Exercise prescription in patients with osteoporosis | |
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| Exercise prescription in practice: a case study | |
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| Practical sports medicine | |
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| Participation screening | |
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| The aims of screening | |
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| Benefits of screening | |
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| The history | |
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| The examination | |
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| Additional tests | |
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| Medical care of the sporting team | |
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| The off-field team | |
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| Pre-season assessment | |
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| Educate team members | |
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| Other essentials | |
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| Traveling with a team | |
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| Preparation | |
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| Air travel and jet lag | |
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| The medical room | |
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| Illness | |
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| Traveler's diarrhea | |
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| Upper respiratory tract infections | |
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| Injury | |
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| |
| Drug testing | |
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| Local contacts | |
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| Psychological skills | |
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| Personal coping skills | |
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| Medical coverage of endurance events | |
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| Race organization | |
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| The medical team | |
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| First-aid stations | |
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| Medical facility at the race finish | |
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| Summary | |
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| Drugs and the athlete | |
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| Historical perspective | |
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| Why athletes take drugs | |
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| Prohibited substances | |
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| Stimulants | |
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| Narcotics | |
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| Anabolic agents | |
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| Diuretics | |
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| Peptide hormones, mimetics and analogs | |
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| Prohibited methods | |
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| Classes of drugs subject to certain restrictions | |
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| Permitted drugs | |
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| Therapeutic use of a prohibited substance | |
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| |
| Supplements and other ergogenic aids permitted in sport | |
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| |
| Food supplements | |
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| |
| Drug testing | |
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| |
| Ethical dilemmas | |
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| |
| The battle against drugs | |
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| |
| Ethics and sports medicine | |
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| Conflict of interest | |
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| |
| Confidentiality | |
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| Performance-enhancing drugs | |
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| Infection and ethics | |
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| Ethics in sport | |