PART 1. Psychological Conditions and TreatmentsISSUE 1. Should Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa Have the Right to Refuse Life-sustaining Treatment?YES: Heather Draper, from "Anorexia Nervosa and Respecting a Refusal of Life-Prolonging Therapy: A Limited Justification," Bioethics (April 1, 2000)NO: J.L. Werth, Jr., Kimberly S. Wright, Rita J. Archambault, and Rebekah J. Bardash, from "When Does the ''Duty to Protect'' Apply With a Client Who Has Anorexia Nervosa?" The Counseling Psychologist (July 2003)Heather Draper argues that clinicians need to accept the fact that individuals with anorexia nervosa may be competent, and may have legitimate reasons for refusing therapy. In such cases,… therapists should respect the individual''s wishes and should refrain from administering life-sustaining treatment. James Werth, Jr. and his colleagues contend that, due to the very nature of anorexia nervosa, individuals with anorexia cannot make rational decisions about nutrition and feeding. Because the behaviors of anorexics have such potential for health damage or even death, clinicians have a duty to protect the lives of their patients, even if it calls for compulsory treatment.ISSUE 2. Is Psychological Debriefing a Harmful Intervention for Survivors of Trauma?YES: Grant J. Devilly and Peter Cotton, from "Psychological Debriefing and the Workplace: Defining a Concept, Controversies and Guidelines for Intervention," Australian Psychologist (July 2003)NO: J.T. Mitchell, from "A Response to the Devilly and Cotton Article, ''Psychological Debriefing and the Workplace...''," Australian Psychologist (March 2004)Psychologists Grant J. Devilly and Peter Cotton assert that critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is poorly defined and has been shown to do more harm than good. They propose alternative approaches for responding to trauma survivors, which they consider more effective. Jeffrey T. Mitchell of the International Critical Incident Stress Foundation (ICISF) argues that Devilly and Cotton have misrepresented important information about psychological debriefing and have confused several aspects of this system of responding to trauma survivors.ISSUE 3. Are Blocked and Recovered Memories Valid Phenomena?YES: David H. Gleaves, Steven M. Smith, Lisa D. Bulter, and David Spiegel, from "False and Recovered Memories in the Laboratory and Clinic: A Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence," Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice (Spring 2004)NO: John F. Kihlstrom, from "An Unbalanced Balancing Act: Blocked, Recovered, and False Memories in the Laboratory Clinic," Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice (Spring 2004)Psychologist David Gleaves and his colleagues assert that for some people, memories of traumatic events are blocked but may subsequently be recovered. Psychologist John Kihlstrom disputes the validity of blocked and recovered memories. He views the phenomenon of "false memories" as a serious problem in contemporary society.ISSUE 4. Is Multiple Personality Disorder a Valid Diagnosis?YES: Frank W. Putnam, from "Response to Article by Paul R. McHugh," Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (July 1995)NO: Paul R. McHugh, from "Resolved: Multiple Personality Disorder Is an Individually and Socially Created Artifact," Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (July 1995)Psychiatrist Frank W. Putnam contends that the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder meets the standards for the three basic forms ofvalidity: content validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity. Psychiatrist Paul R. McHugh denies the validity of multiple personality disorder, asserting that this condition is a socially createdbehavioral disorder induced by psychotherapists.ISSUE 5. Does Attention Deficit Disorder Exist?YES: Edward M. Hallowell and John J. Ratey, from Delivered From Distraction: Getting the Most Out of Life with Attention Deficit Disorder (Ballantine, 2005)NO: Rogers H. Wright, from