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| Preface | |
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| Critical Reading and Analysis | |
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| Writers and Their Sources | |
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| Reading, Writing, and the Contexts of Argument | |
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| Responses to Sources | |
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| "The Gettysburg Address" | |
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| The Response to Content | |
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| The Analytic Response | |
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| The Judgment or Evaluation Response | |
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| The Research Response | |
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| "Who Does the Talking Here?" | |
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| Active Reading: Use Your Mind! | |
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| Guidelines for Active Reading | |
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| "Political Ads and the Voters They Attract" | |
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| Understanding Your Sources | |
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| Writing Summaries | |
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| Guidelines for Writing Summaries | |
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| Acknowledging Sources Informally | |
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| References to People | |
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| References to Sources | |
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| "The Future Is Now" | |
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| Presenting Direct Quotations: a Guide for Form and Style | |
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| Reasons for Using Quotation Marks | |
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| A Brief Guide to Quoting | |
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| For Reading and Analysis | |
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| "Turning the Page" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Responding Critically to Sources | |
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| Traits of the Critical Reader/Thinker | |
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| Examining the Rhetorical Context of a Source | |
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| Who is the Author? | |
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| What type of source-or genre-is it? | |
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| What Is the Author's Primary Purpose? | |
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| What Are the Author's Sources of Information? | |
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| Analyzing the Style of a Source | |
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| Denotative and Connotative Word Choice | |
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| Tone | |
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| Sentence Structure | |
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| Metaphors | |
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| Organization and Examples | |
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| Repetition | |
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| Hyperbole, Understatement, and Irony | |
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| Quotation Marks, Italics, and Capital Letters | |
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| "In a Battle of Wits with Kitchen Appliances, I'm Toast" | |
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| Writing about Style | |
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| Understanding Your Purpose and Audience | |
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| Planning the Essay | |
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| Drafting the Style Analysis | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| "In Praise of a Snail's Pace" | |
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| Student Essay (on Goodman's essay) | |
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| Analyzing Two or More Sources | |
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| Guidelines for Preparing a Contrast Essay | |
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| Juan Williams Fired for Comments" | |
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| "Juan Williams Fired: Pitfalls of the Insta-opinion Age" | |
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| For Reading and Analysis | |
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| "The F Word" | |
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| "Husband Hal" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| The World of Argument | |
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| Understanding the Basics of Argument | |
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| Characteristics of Argument | |
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| Argument Is Conversation with a Goal | |
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| Argument Debates an Arguable Issue | |
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| Argument Uses Reasons and Evidence | |
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| Argument Incorporates Values | |
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| Argument Recognizes a Topic's Complexity | |
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| The Shape of Argument: What We Can Learn from Aristotle | |
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| Ethos (About the Writer/Speaker) | |
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| Logos (About the Logic of the Argument) | |
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| Pathos (About Appeals to the Audience) | |
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| Karios (About the Occasion or Situation) | |
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| The Language of Argument | |
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| Facts | |
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| Inferences | |
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| Judgments | |
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| "Your Brain Lies to You" | |
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| The Shape of Argument: What We Can Learn from Toulmin | |
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| Claims | |
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| Grounds (or Data or Evidence) | |
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| Warrants | |
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| Backing | |
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| Qualifiers | |
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| Rebuttals | |
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| Using Toulmin's Terms to Analyze Arguments | |
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| "Let the Zoo's Elephants Go" | |
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| Using Toulmin's Terms as a Guide to Organizing Arguments | |
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| For Debate | |
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| "Let My Teenager Drink" | |
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| 'Don't Make Teen Drinking Easier" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Writing Effective Arguments | |
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| Know Your Audience | |
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| Who Is My Audience? | |
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| What Will My Audience Know about My Topic? | |
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| Where Does My Audience Stand on the Issue? | |
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| How Should I Address My Audience? | |
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| Understand Your Writing Purpose | |
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| What Type (Genre) of Work Am I Preparing? | |
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| What Is My Goal? | |
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| Will the Rogerian or Conciliatory Approach Work for Me? | |
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| Move from Topic to Claim to Possible Support | |
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| Selecting a Topic | |
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| Drafting a Claim | |
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| Listing Possible Grounds | |
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| Listing Grounds for the Other Side or Another Perspective | |
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| Planning the Approach | |
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| Draft Your Argument | |
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| Guidelines for Drafting | |
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| Revise Your Draft | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Editing | |
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| A Few Words about Words and Tone | |
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| Proofreading | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| For Analysis and Debate | |
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| "Understanding the Costs of Rising Inequality" | |
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| "Political Stupidity, U.S. Style" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Reading, Analyzing, and Using Visuals and Statistics in Argument | |
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| Responding to Visual Arguments | |
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| Reading Graphics | |
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| Understanding How Graphics Differ | |
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| Guidelines for Reading Graphics | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The Use of Authority and Statistics | |
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| Judging Authorities | |
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| Understanding and Evaluating Sources | |
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| Guidelines for Evaluating Sources | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Writing the Investigative Argument | |
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| Gathering and Analyzing Evidence | |
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| Planning and Drafting the Essay | |
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| Guidelines for Writing an Investigative Argument | |
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| Analyzing Evidence: The Key to an Effective Argument | |
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| Preparing Graphics for Your Essay | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| Student Essay: "Buying Time" | |
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| For Reading and Analysis | |
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| "Every Body's Talking: Nonverbals Speak | |
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| Loudly" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Learning More About Argument: Induction, Deduction, Analogy, and Logical Fallacies | |
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| Induction | |
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| Deduction | |
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| "The Declaration of Independence" | |
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| Analogy | |
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| "War and Football" | |
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| Logical Fallacies | |
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| Causes of Illogic | |
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| Fallacies of Oversimplifying (Problems with Logos) | |
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| Fallacies of Avoiding the Issue (Problems with Ethos or Pathos) | |
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| For Analysis | |
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| , "Declaration of Sentiments" | |
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| "Things People Say" | |
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| Studying Some Arguments by Genre | |
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| Definition Arguments | |
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| Defining as Part of an Argument | |
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| When Defining Is the Argument | |
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| Strategies for Developing an Extended Definition | |
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| Guidelines for Evaluating Definition Arguments | |
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| Preparing a Definition Argument | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| Student Essay: "Laura Mullins, "Paragon or Parasite?" | |
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| For Analysis and Debate | |
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| "Best Is the New Worst" | |
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| "Glamour, That Certain Something" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Evaluation Arguments | |
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| Types of Evaluation Arguments | |
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| Guidelines for Analyzing an Evaluation Argument | |
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| Preparing an Evaluation Argument | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| Student Review | |
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| "Winchester's Alchemy: Two Men and a Book" | |
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| Evaluating an Argument: The Rebuttal or Refutation Essay | |
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| Guidelines for Preparing a Refutation Annotated Refutation | |
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| "Gender Games" | |
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| For Analysis and Debate | |
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| "Addicted to Health" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| the Position Paper: Claims of Value | |
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| Characteristics of the Position Paper | |
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| Guidelines for Analyzing a Claim of Value | |
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| Preparing a Position Paper | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| For Analysis and Debate | |
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| "The Battle for Your Brain" | |
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| "I Have a Dream" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Arguments About Cause | |
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| Characteristics of Causal Arguments | |
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| Mill's Methods for Investigating Causes | |
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| Guidelines for Analyzing Causal Arguments | |
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| Preparing a Causal Argument | |
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| A Checklist for Revision | |
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| For Analysis and Debate | |
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| "Why Women Are Paid Less Than Men" | |
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| "How Immigrants Create More Jobs" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| Presenting Proposals: the Problem/Solution Argument | |
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| Characteristics of Problem/Solution Arguments | |
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| Guidelines for Analyzing Problem/Solution Arguments | |
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| "A New Strategy for the War on Drugs" | |
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| "A Modest Proposal" | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |
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| the Researched and Formally Documented Argument | |
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| Locating, Evaluating, and Preparing to Use Sources | |
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| Selecting a Good Topic | |
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| What Type of Research Essay Am I Preparing? | |
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| Who Is My Audience? | |
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| How Can I Select a Good Topic? | |
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| What Kinds of Topics Should I Avoid? | |
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| Writing a Tentative Claim or Research Proposal | |
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| Preparing a Working Bibliography | |
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| Basic Form for Books | |
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| Basic Form for Articles | |
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| Locating Sources | |
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| The Book Catalog | |
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| The Reference Collection | |
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| Electronic Databases | |
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| The Internet | |
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| Field Research | |
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| Evaluating Sources, Maintaining Credibility | |
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| Guidelines for Evaluating Sources | |
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| Writing the Researched Essay | |
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| Avoiding Plagiarism | |
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| What Is Common Knowledge? | |
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| Using Signal Phrases to Avoid Misleading Readers | |
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| Guidelines for Appropriately Using Sources | |
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| Organizing the Paper | |
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| The Formal Outline | |
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| Drafting the Paper | |
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| Revising the Paper: a Checklist | |
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| The Completed Paper | |
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| Sample Student Research Essay | |
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| Formal Documentation: Mla Style, Apa Style of Documentation | |
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| MLA In-Text (Parenthetical) Documentation | |
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| MLA Citations for a "Works Cited" Page | |
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| APA In-Text Documentation | |
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| APA Citations for a "References" Page | |
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| A Collection of Readings | |
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| the Media: Image and Reality | |
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| Derrick Speight, "Of Losers and Moles: You Think Reality | |
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| TV Just Writes Itself?") | |
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| "Press and Pund Stampede Tramples Good Judgment and Often the Facts, Too" | |
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| "In Your Face.. All Over the Place" | |
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| "What's Up, Doc? a Bloody Outrage, That's What" | |
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| "Copyright Silliness on Campus" | |
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| "The Social Network's Female Props" | |
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| the Internet and Social Media: Their Impact on our Lives | |
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| "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" | |
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| "Mind over Mass Media" | |
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| "The Medium Is the Medium" | |
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| "Why Google Should Stay in China" | |
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| "In Egypt Twitter Trumps Torture" | |
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| "I Tweet, Therefore I Am" | |
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| "A Violin Requiem for Privacy" | |
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| The Environment: How do we Cope with Climage Change? | |
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| "The Sixth Extinction: It Happened to him. It's Happening to You." | |
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| "It's Natural to Behave Irrationally" | |
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| "The Cost of Climate Inaction" | |
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| "How Marketplace Economics Can Help Build a Greener World" | |
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| "Wecansolveit" ad | |
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| "Global Warming Is Just the Tip of the Iceberg" | |
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| "Moving Heaven and Earth" | |
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| Sports Talk-Sports Battles | |
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| "Show Them the Money" | |
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| "Education, Athletics: The Odd Couple" | |
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| "Privilege Unchecked in the U-Va. Case?" | |
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| "The Beam in Your Eye: If Steroids Are Cheating, Why Isn't Lasik?" | |
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| "Houston: We Have a Problem" | |
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| "It's Only a Letdown If You Expected Something Better" | |
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| Marriage and Gender Issues: the Debates Continue | |
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| "Socail Science Finds: Marriage Matters" | |
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| "Abolish Marriage" | |
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| "My Big Fat Straight Wedding" | |
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| "Gay Asian-American Male Seeks Home" | |
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| "5 Myths about Working Mothers" | |
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| "For Women in America, Equality Is Still an Illusion" | |
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| "Supremacy Crimes" | |
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| Education in America: Problems at all Levels | |
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| "The Fittest Brains | |
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| "A Daunting Children's Divide" | |
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| "10 Steps to World-Class Schools" | |
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| "5 Myths about Who Gets into College" | |
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| "So Much for the Information Age" | |
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| "Laptops vs. Learning" | |
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| Censorship and Free speech Debates | |
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| "Ground Zero for Free Speech" | |
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| "Why the First Amendment (and Journalism) Might Be in Trouble" | |
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| "Chipping Away at Free Speech" | |
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| "Limits of Free Speech" | |
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| "Online Lessons on Unprotected Sex" | |
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| "Virtual Violence Is Free Speech" | |
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| Ethics and the LAW: Current and Enduring Debates | |
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| "Guns for Safety? Dream on, Scalia" | |
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| "5 Myths about Torture and Truth" | |
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| "First They Did Harm" | |
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| "Ending Impunity for Rape" | |
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| "Crush Animal Cruelty" | |
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| "At the Cliff's Edge on Immigration" | |
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| America: Embracing the Future -- or Divided by Conflict? | |
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| "The New Culture War" | |
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| "Faces We've Seen Before" | |
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| "America Is Better Than This" | |
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| "The Cure for Public Anger" | |
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| "Throwing the Bums Out for 140 Years" | |
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| "The Design of Your Life" | |
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| "How the Future Will Judge Us" | |
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| Appendix: Understanding Literature | |
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| Getting the Facts: Active Reading, Summary, and Paraphrase | |
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| "Promise" | |
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| Summary of "The Story of an Hour" | |
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| "Sonnet 116" | |
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| Paraphrase of "Sonnet 116" | |
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| Seeing Connection: Analysis | |
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| Analysis of Narrative Structure | |
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| Analysis of Character | |
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| Analysis of Elements of Style and Tone | |
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| Drawing Conclusions: Interpretation | |
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| Writing about LIreature | |
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| "To His Coy Mistress" | |
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| "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love" | |
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| "The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd" | |
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| "Is My Team Ploughing" | |
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| "Taxi" | |
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| "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" | |
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| "Trifles" | |
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| Sample Student Literary Analysis | |
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| Suggestions for Discussion and Writing | |