James J. O’Brien, P.E., PMP, was vice chair of the board of O'Brien-Kreitzberg & Associates, Inc., the construction management firm that handled the renovation of San Francisco’s cable car system. He was also the program manager for the redevelopment of JFK International Airport. Mr. O’Brien is the author or editor of many books, including Contractor’s Management Handbook, Second Edition; Construction Management: A Professional Approach; Value Analysis in Design and Construction; and Scheduling Handbook, all published by McGraw-Hill.Fredric L. Plotnick, Ph.D., Esq., P.E., is principal and president of Engineering & Property Management Consultant, Inc., and an adjunct… professor in the Civil Engineering and Engineering Management Departments at Drexel University. He has thirty years’ hands-on experience with the legal and technical aspects of project controls and the management of engineering design and construction. Dr. Plotnick is a member of the Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering International and a charter member and director of Academic Liaison and the Technical Track of the annual conference of the PMI college of Scheduling.