Preface | p. VII |
What is a Differential Equation? | p. 1 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 2 |
The Nature of Solutions | p. 4 |
Separable Equations | p. 10 |
First-Order Linear Equations | p. 13 |
Exact Equations | p. 17 |
Orthogonal Trajectories and Families of Curves | p. 22 |
Homogeneous Equations | p. 26 |
Integrating Factors | p. 29 |
Reduction of Order | p. 33 |
Dependent Variable Missing | p. 33 |
Independent Variable Missing | p. 35 |
The Hanging Chain and Pursuit Curves | p. 38 |
The Hanging Chain | p. 38 |
Pursuit Curves | p. 42 |
Electrical Circuits | p. 45 |
Anatomy of an Application: The Design of a Dialysis Machine | p. 49 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 53 |
Second-Order Linear Equations | p. 57 |
Second-Order Linear Equations with Constant Coefficients | p. 58 |
The Method of Undetermined Coefficients | p. 63 |
The Method of Variation of Parameters | p. 67 |
The Use of a Known Solution to Find Another | p. 71 |
Vibrations and Oscillations | p. 75 |
Undamped Simple Harmonic Motion | p. 75 |
Damped Vibrations | p. 77 |
Forced Vibrations | p. 80 |
A Few Remarks about Electricity | p. 82 |
Newton's Law of Gravitation and Kepler's Laws | p. 84 |
Kepler's Second Law | p. 86 |
Kepler's First Law | p. 87 |
Kepler's Third Law | p. 89 |
Higher Order Linear Equations, Coupled Harmonic Oscillators | p. 93 |
Historical Note: Euler | p. 99 |
Anatomy of an Application: Bessel Functions and the Vibrating Membrane | p. 101 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 105 |
Qualitative Properties and Theoretical Aspects | p. 109 |
Review of Linear Algebra | p. 110 |
Vector Spaces | p. 110 |
The Concept of Linear Independence | p. 111 |
Bases | p. 113 |
Inner Product Spaces | p. 114 |
Linear Transformations and Matrices | p. 115 |
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors | p. 117 |
A Bit of Theory | p. 119 |
Picard's Existence and Uniqueness Theorem | p. 125 |
The Form of a Differential Equation | p. 125 |
Picard's Iteration Technique | p. 126 |
Some Illustrative Examples | p. 127 |
Estimation of the Picard Iterates | p. 129 |
Oscillations and the Sturm Separation Theorem | p. 130 |
The Sturm Comparison Theorem | p. 138 |
Anatomy of an Application: The Green's Function | p. 142 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 146 |
Power Series Solutions and Special Functions | p. 149 |
Introduction and Review of Power Series | p. 150 |
Review of Power Series | p. 150 |
Series Solutions of First-Order Differential Equations | p. 159 |
Second-Order Linear Equations: Ordinary Points | p. 164 |
Regular Singular Points | p. 171 |
More on Regular Singular Points | p. 177 |
Gauss's Hypergeometric Equation | p. 184 |
Historical Note: Gauss | p. 189 |
Historical Note: Abel | p. 190 |
Anatomy of an Application: Steady-State Temperature in a Ball | p. 192 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 194 |
Fourier Series: Basic Concepts | p. 197 |
Fourier Coefficients | p. 198 |
Some Remarks about Convergence | p. 207 |
Even and Odd Functions: Cosine and Sine Series | p. 211 |
Fourier Series on Arbitrary Intervals | p. 218 |
Orthogonal Functions | p. 221 |
Historical Note: Riemann | p. 225 |
Anatomy of an Application: Introduction to the Fourier Transform | p. 227 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 236 |
Partial Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems | p. 239 |
Introduction and Historical Remarks | p. 240 |
Eigenvalues, Eigenfunctions, and the Vibrating String | p. 243 |
Boundary Value Problems | p. 243 |
Derivation of the Wave Equation | p. 244 |
Solution of the Wave Equation | p. 246 |
The Heat Equation | p. 251 |
The Dirichlet Problem for a Disc | p. 256 |
The Poisson Integral | p. 259 |
Sturm-Liouville Problems | p. 262 |
Historical Note: Fourier | p. 267 |
Historical Note: Dirichlet | p. 268 |
Anatomy of an Application: Some Ideas from Quantum Mechanics | p. 270 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 273 |
Laplace Transforms | p. 277 |
Introduction | p. 278 |
Applications to Differential Equations | p. 280 |
Derivatives and Integrals of Laplace Transforms | p. 285 |
Convolutions | p. 291 |
Abel's Mechanical Problem | p. 293 |
The Unit Step and Impulse Functions | p. 298 |
Historical Note: Laplace | p. 305 |
Anatomy of an Application: Flow Initiated by an Impulsively Started Flat Plate | p. 306 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 309 |
The Calculus of Variations | p. 315 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 316 |
Euler's Equation | p. 319 |
Isoperimetric Problems and the Like | p. 327 |
Lagrange Multipliers | p. 328 |
Integral Side Conditions | p. 329 |
Finite Side Conditions | p. 333 |
Historical Note: Newton | p. 338 |
Anatomy of an Application: Hamilton's Principle and its Implications | p. 340 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 344 |
Numerical Methods | p. 347 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 348 |
The Method of Euler | p. 349 |
The Error Term | p. 353 |
An Improved Euler Method | p. 357 |
The Runge-Kutta Method | p. 360 |
Anatomy of an Application: A Constant Perturbation Method for Linear, Second-Order Equations | p. 365 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 368 |
Systems of First-Order Equations | p. 371 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 372 |
Linear Systems | p. 374 |
Homogeneous Linear Systems with Constant Coefficients | p. 382 |
Nonlinear Systems: Volterra's Predator-Prey Equations | p. 389 |
Anatomy of an Application: Solution of Systems with Matrices and Exponentials | p. 395 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 400 |
The Nonlinear Theory | p. 403 |
Some Motivating Examples | p. 404 |
Specializing Down | p. 404 |
Types of Critical Points: Stability | p. 409 |
Critical Points and Stability for Linear Systems | p. 417 |
Stability by Liapunov's Direct Method | p. 427 |
Simple Critical Points of Nonlinear Systems | p. 432 |
Nonlinear Mechanics: Conservative Systems | p. 439 |
Periodic Solutions: The Poincare-Bendixson Theorem | p. 444 |
Historical Note: Poincare | p. 452 |
Anatomy of an Application: Mechanical Analysis of a Block on a Spring | p. 454 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 457 |
Dynamical Systems | p. 461 |
Flows | p. 462 |
Dynamical Systems | p. 464 |
Stable and Unstable Fixed Points | p. 466 |
Linear Dynamics in the Plane | p. 468 |
Some Ideas from Topology | p. 475 |
Open and Closed Sets | p. 475 |
The Idea of Connectedness | p. 476 |
Closed Curves in the Plane | p. 478 |
Planar Autonomous Systems | p. 480 |
Ingredients of the Proof of Poincare-Bendixson | p. 480 |
Anatomy of an Application: Lagrange's Equations | p. 489 |
Problems for Review and Discovery | p. 493 |
Bibliography | p. 495 |
Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises | p. 497 |
Index | p. 525 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |