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Preface | |
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About the Fourth Edition | |
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What Is Morality? | |
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The Problem Of Definition | |
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First Example | |
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Baby Theresa | |
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Second Example | |
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Jodie and Mary | |
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Third Example | |
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Tracy LatimerReason and Impartiality | |
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The Minimum Conception of Morality | |
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The Challenge Of Cultural Relativism | |
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How Different Societies Have Different Moral Codes | |
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Cultural Relativism | |
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The Cultural Differences Argument | |
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The Consequences of Taking Cultural Relativism Seriously | |
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Why There is Less Disagreement than it Seems | |
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How All Cultures Have Some Values in Common | |
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Judging a Cultural Practice to be Undesirable | |
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What Can be Learned from Cultural Relativism | |
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Subjectivism In Ethics the | |
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Basic Idea of Ethical Subjectivism | |
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The Evolution of the Theory | |
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The First Stage | |
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Simple Subjectivism | |
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The Second Stage | |
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Emotivism | |
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Are There Any Moral Facts? | |
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Are There Proofs in Ethics? | |
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The Question of Homosexuality | |
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Does Morality Depend On Religion? | |
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The Presumed Connection Between Morality and Religion | |
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The Divine Command Theory | |
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The Theory of Natural Law | |
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Religion and Particular Moral Issues | |
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Psycholological Egoism | |
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is Unselfishness Possible? | |
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The Strategy of Reinterpreting Motives | |
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Two Arguments in Favor of Psychological Egoism | |
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Clearing Away Some Confusions | |
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The Deepest Error in Psychological Egoism | |
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Ethical Egoismis | |
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There a Duty to Help Starving People? | |
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Three Arguments in Favor of Ethical Egoism | |
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Three Arguments Against Ethical Egoism | |
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The Utilitarian Approach | |
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The Revolution in Ethics | |
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First Example: Euthanasia | |
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Second Example: Nonhuman Animals | |
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The Debate Over Utilitarianism | |
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The Classical Version of the Theory | |
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Is Happiness the Only Thing That Matters? | |
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Are Consequences All That Matter? | |
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Should We be Equally Concerned for Everyone? | |
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The Defense of Utilitarianism | |
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Are There Any Absolute Moral Rules? | |
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Harry Truman and Elizabeth Anscombe | |
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The Categorical Imperative | |
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Absolute Rules and the Duty Not to Lie | |
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Conflicts Between Rules | |
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Another Look at Kant's Basic Idea | |
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Kant And Respect For Persons | |
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The Idea of Human Dignity | |
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Retribution and Utility in the Theory of Punishment | |
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Kant's Retributivism | |
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the Idea Of A Social Contract | |
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Hobbes's Argument | |
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The Prisoner's Dilemma | |
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Some Advantages of the Social Contract Theory of Morals | |
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The Problem of Civil Disobedience | |
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Feminism And The Ethics Of Care | |
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Do Women and Men Think Differently About Ethics? | |
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Implications for Moral Judgment | |
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Implications for Ethical Theory | |
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The Ethics Of Virtue | |
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The Ethics of Virtue and the Ethics of Right Action | |
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The Virtues | |
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Some Advantages of Virtue Ethics | |
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The Problem of Incompleteness | |
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What Would A Satisfactory Moral Theory Be Like? | |
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Morality Without Hubris | |
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Treating People as They Deserve and Other Motives | |
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Multiple-Strategies Utilitarianism | |
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The Moral Community | |
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Justice and Fairness | |
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Conclusion | |
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Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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Notes on Sources | |
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Index | |