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| Preface | |
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| Theoretical Framework for Moral Reasoning | |
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| The Process of Moral Reasoning | |
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| Everyday Ethical Problems in Sport | |
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| Is This a Scenario about Moral Values? Why? | |
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| A Certain Perspective | |
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| Impartiality | |
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| Consistency | |
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| Reflection | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Values, Principles, and You | |
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| Making Choices | |
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| What Is an Ethical Dilemma? | |
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| Selecting Values | |
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| Moral Values | |
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| Selecting Four Values | |
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| Justice: Moral Value One | |
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| Honesty: Moral Value Two | |
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| Responsibility: Moral Value Three | |
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| Beneficence: Moral Value Four | |
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| Writing Principles | |
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| Justice: Principle One--Do Not Be Unfair | |
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| Honesty: Principle Two--Do Not Lie, Cheat, or Steal | |
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| Responsibility: Principle Three--Do Not Be Irresponsible | |
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| Beneficence: Principle Four--Do Not Be Uncivil | |
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| Questioning a Principle | |
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| Colliding Values in Everyday Life | |
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| The Problem with Principles--Never Tell a Lie | |
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| A Principle and Its Demands | |
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| A Scenario about Cheating | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Application and Strategy: Thinking about the Game Plan | |
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| Steps in Thinking Through a Moral Problem | |
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| Are Any Moral Principles Violated? | |
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| Are Any Moral Rules Violated? | |
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| Is This Case an Exception? | |
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| Are the Rules Justified? | |
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| How Can the Rules Be Changed? | |
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| Obstacles and Fallacies in Reasoning | |
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| Skepticism | |
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| Cultural and Relative Ethics | |
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| Dogmatism | |
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| False Obstruction of Theory and Practice | |
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| Other Obstacles: Fallacies in Reasoning | |
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| The Fallacy of Authority | |
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| Ad Hominem Arguments | |
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| Misplaced and Improperly Placed Authority | |
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| The Appeal to Force | |
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| The Appeal to Pity and Ridicule | |
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| Begging the Question | |
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| Equivocation | |
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| Psychological Obstacles | |
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| A Final Comment on Courage | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Application of Moral Reasoning to Sport | |
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| Intimidation, Competition, and Sportsmanship | |
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| Intimidation and Its Role in Competition | |
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| Defining Intimidation | |
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| Coaching Intimidation: Purposeful | |
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| Coaching Intimidation: Nonpurposeful | |
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| Intimidation from the Player's Point of View | |
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| Intimidation by the Athlete: Purposeful | |
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| Physical Intimidation: Purposeful | |
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| Nonpurposeful Psychological and Physiological Intimidation | |
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| Physical Intimidation: Nonpurposeful | |
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| External Forms of Intimidation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and dilemmas | |
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| Violence in Sport | |
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| Types and Purposes of Rules | |
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| Constitutive Rules | |
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| Proscriptive Rules | |
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| Sportsmanship Rules | |
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| Ethical Conduct or Not | |
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| Is Winning the Only Thing? | |
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| Categorical Imperatives | |
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| How Violence Affects Sport | |
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| Why Violence Exists | |
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| Why Violent Behavior Is Taught | |
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| Why Violence Is Condoned | |
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| Why and How Violence Is Rewarded | |
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| The Impact of Violence on Sport | |
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| Recommendations | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Eligibility in Sport | |
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| Historical and Sociological Perspectives | |
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| Youth Sport | |
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| Interscholastic Sport | |
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| Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Olympic Sport | |
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| Eligibility and Moral Reasoning | |
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| Ethical Dilemmas Regarding Eligibility | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Sport Elimination | |
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| Competitive Athletics Are Not For Everyone | |
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| Factors Leading to Sport Dropout | |
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| Lack of Skills | |
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| Not Fun Anymore | |
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| Pressures to Win | |
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| Sport Burnout | |
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| Physical Burnout | |
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| Psychological Burnout | |
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| Social Burnout | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Commercialized Sport | |
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| Sport for Public Relations and Promotions | |
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| Youth Sport | |
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| Interscholastic Sport | |
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| Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Professional Sport | |
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| Commercialized Sport as a Business | |
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| Youth Sport and Interscholastic Sport | |
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| Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Professional Sport | |
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| Sport as Entertainment | |
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| Youth and Interscholastic Sport | |
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| Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Professional Sport | |
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| Sport as a Transmitter of Economic Values | |
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| Economic Concerns and Rule Violations | |
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| Youth Sport | |
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| Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Ethical Dilemmas Relative to Commercialization | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Racial Equity: African Americans in Sport | |
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| Historical Perspective of Racial Inequity in Sport | |
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| From Exclusion to Opportunities Limited by Economic Realities | |
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| School Segregation Gives Way to Integration | |
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| Integration of Intercollegiate Sport | |
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| Professional Sport | |
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| Societal Attitudes | |
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| Are Organizational Policies Affecting African Americans Disproportionately? | |
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| Role Models | |
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| Stacking and a Quota System | |
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| African American Athletes as Portrayed in the Media | |
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| Dispelling Myths | |
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| Recommendations | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Gender Equity in Sport | |
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| Historical Perspectives | |
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| Gender Inequity in Sport | |
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| Limited Opportunities | |
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| Governing Organizations and Policies for Women's Intercollegiate Athletics | |
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| Title IX | |
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| Outcomes of Change | |
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| Interscholastic Sport Changes for Girls | |
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| Societal Attitudes | |
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| Continuing Questions | |
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| Moral Education | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Application of Moral Reasoning in Other Physical Activity Settings | |
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| Ergogenic Aids for Sport Performance | |
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| Use of Ergogenic Aids | |
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| Stimulants | |
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| Depressants | |
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| Anabolic Steroids | |
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| Human Growth Hormone | |
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| Blood Doping | |
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| Beta-Blockers | |
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| The Dilemmas of Drug Testing | |
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| Opposition to Drug Testing | |
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| Thwarting Drug Testing | |
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| Justifications for Drug Testing | |
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| Educating against Drug Use in Sport | |
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| Other Related Issues | |
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| Taking Ergogenic Aids that May Cause Health Problems | |
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| Using Ergogenic Aids for Weight Gain and Loss | |
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| Possible Changes in How Drugs Are Viewed in Sport | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Ethical Considerations of Technology in Sport | |
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| A Sporting Challenge | |
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| An Alternative Argument | |
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| Direct Harm | |
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| Technology in a Bottle | |
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| Summary: The Fine Line | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Sport Science, Physical Education, and Research | |
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| Professional Responsibility in the Workplace | |
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| Professional Responsibility as Part of Our Social and Ethical Responsibilities to Society | |
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| Understanding Professional Responsibility | |
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| Sport Science Example | |
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| Discussion | |
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| A Question of Professional Loyalty | |
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| Being a Professional and Its Relationship to Professional Ethics | |
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| Codes of Ethics | |
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| Codes of Ethics in Physical Education | |
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| Codes of Ethics in Sport Science and Research | |
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| Human Subjects Review Boards in Research | |
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| Informed Consent in Research | |
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| Summary | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| Epilogue: Morality in Sport | |
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| Moral Reasoning: A Review | |
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| Moral and Nonmoral Values: A Review | |
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| Moral Reasoning in Relation to Sport and Social Issues: A Review | |
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| Moral Reasoning In Relation to the Sport Science Discipline: A Review | |
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| Issues and Dilemmas | |
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| A Look to the Future | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |