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Preface | |
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Where To Start | |
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General Principles | |
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Receptor Theory | |
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Agonists | |
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Efficacy and Potency | |
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Therapeutic Index | |
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Antagonists | |
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Inverse Agonists | |
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Absorption, Distribution, and Clearance | |
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First-Pass Effect | |
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How Drugs Cross Membranes | |
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Bioavailability | |
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Total Body Clearance | |
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Pharmacokinetics | |
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Volume of Distribution | |
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First-Order Kinetics | |
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Zero-Order Kinetics | |
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Steady-State Concentration | |
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Time Needed to Reach Steady State | |
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Loading Dose | |
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Drug Metabolism and Renal Elimination | |
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Liver Metabolism | |
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Renal Excretion | |
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Drugs That Affect the Autonomic Nervous System | |
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Review of the Autonomic Nervous System | |
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Why Include This Material? | |
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Relevant Anatomy | |
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Synthesis, Storage, Release, and Removal of Transmitters | |
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Receptors | |
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General Rules of Innervation | |
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Presynaptic Receptors | |
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Cholinergic Agonists | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Direct Cholinergic Agonists | |
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Cholinesterase Inhibitors | |
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Cholinergic Antagonists | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Muscarinic Antagonists | |
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Ganglionic Blockers | |
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Neuromuscular Blockers | |
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Adrenergic Agonists | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Direct-Acting Agonists | |
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Dopamine | |
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Indirect-Acting Agents | |
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Cardiovascular Effects of Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, and Isoproterenol | |
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Adrenergic Antagonists | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Central Blockers | |
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�-Blockers | |
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�-Blockers | |
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Mixed �- and �-Blockers | |
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Drugs That Affect the Cardiovascular System | |
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Antihypertensive Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Diuretics | |
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Drugs That Interfere With the Renin-Angiotensin System | |
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors | |
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Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | |
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Selective Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists | |
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Direct Renin Inhibitor (DRI) | |
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Calcium Channel Blockers | |
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Nitrates | |
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Other Direct Vasodilators | |
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�- and �-Blockers | |
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Clonidine | |
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Drugs Used in Ischemic Heart Disease and Congestive Heart Failure | |
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Ischemic Heart Disease | |
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Congestive Heart Failure | |
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Reduction of Cardiac Workload | |
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Control of Excessive Fluid | |
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Enhancement of Contractility | |
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Cardiac Glycosides | |
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Sympathomimetics | |
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors | |
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Ranolazine | |
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Drugs (Sodium Channel Blockers) | |
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Drugs (�-Blockers) | |
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Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers) | |
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Drugs (Calcium Channel Blockers) | |
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Other Antiarrhythmic Drugs | |
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Drugs That Increase Heart Rate | |
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Drugs that Affect Blood | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Antiplatelet Agents | |
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Anticoagulants | |
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Thrombolytic Drugs | |
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors | |
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Drugs Used in the Treatment of Anemia | |
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Lipid-Lowering Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Additional Explanation of Mechanisms | |
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Drugs that Act on the Central Nervous System | |
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Drugs Used in Dementia | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Cholinesterase Inhibitors | |
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NMDA Blocker | |
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Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs | |
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Tolerance and Dependence | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Barbiturates | |
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Benzodiazepines | |
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Buspirone | |
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Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists | |
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Melatonin Receptor Agonist | |
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Drugs Used in Mood Disorders | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Serotonin-Specific Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) | |
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Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) | |
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Heterocyclics/TCAs | |
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Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors | |
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Other Antidepressants | |
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Drugs Used in Bipolar Disorder | |
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Antipsychotics or Neuroleptics | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Typical Antipsychotics (First Generation) | |
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Serotonin-Dopamine Antagonists (Second Generation) | |
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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | |
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Drugs Used in Parkinson Disease | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Dopamine Replacement Therapy | |
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Dopamine Agonist Therapy | |
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Anticholinergic Therapy | |
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Antiepileptic Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Important Details About the Most Important Drugs | |
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Other Drugs to Consider | |
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Narcotics (Opiates) | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Actions of Morphine and the Other Agonists | |
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Distinguishing Features of Some Agonists | |
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Opioid Antagonists | |
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Opioid Agonist-Antagonists | |
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General Anesthetics | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Uptake and Distribution of Inhalational Anesthetics | |
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Elimination of Inhalational Anesthetics | |
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Potency of General Anesthetics | |
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Specific Gases and Volatile Liquids | |
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Specific Intravenous Agents | |
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Local Anesthetics | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Mechanism of Action | |
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Special Features About Individual Agents | |
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Chemotherapeutic Agents | |
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Introduction to Chemotherapy | |
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Approach to the Antimicrobials | |
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General Principles of Therapy | |
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Definitions | |
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Important Concepts to Understand | |
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Classification of Antimicrobials | |
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Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis | |
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General Features | |
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�-Lactams | |
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Penicillins | |
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Cephalosporins | |
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Carbapenems | |
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Monobactams (Aztreonam) | |
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Other Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis | |
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Vancomycin | |
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Bacitracin | |
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Fosfomycin | |
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Daptomycin | |
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors | |
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General Features | |
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Aminoglycosides | |
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Tetracyclines | |
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Macrolides | |
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Streptogramins and Oxazolidinones | |
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Chloramphenicol | |
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Clindamycin | |
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Folate Antagonists | |
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Mechanism of Action | |
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Selected Features | |
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Quinolones and Urinary Tract Antiseptics | |
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Drugs in This Group | |
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Quinolones | |
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Methenamine | |
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Drugs Used in Tuberculosis and Leprosy | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Isoniazid | |
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Rifampin | |
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Pyrazinamide | |
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Ethambutol | |
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Dapsone | |
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Antifungal Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Azole Antifungals | |
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Polyene Antifungals | |
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Echinocandins | |
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Terbinafine | |
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Anthelmintic Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Drugs Used Against Cestodes and Trematodes | |
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Drugs Used Against Nematodes | |
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Drugs Used Against Filaria | |
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Antiviral Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Anti-HIV Drugs | |
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Drugs Used in Influenza | |
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Other Antivirals | |
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Antiprotozoal Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Metronidazole | |
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Antimalarial Agents | |
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Therapeutic Considerations | |
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Special Features | |
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Anticancer Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Terminology and General Principles of Therapy | |
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Adverse Effects | |
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Cytotoxic Drugs | |
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Alkylating Agents | |
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Antimetabolites | |
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Antibiotics and Other Natural Products | |
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Antibodies | |
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Other Cytotoxic Drugs | |
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Hormonal Agents | |
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Kinase Inhibitors | |
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Miscellaneous Agents | |
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Drugs That Affect the Endocrine System | |
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Adrenocortical Hormones | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Glucocorticoids | |
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Mineralocorticoids | |
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Inhibitors of Adrenocorticoid Synthesis | |
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Sex Steroids | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Estrogens | |
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Antiestrogens | |
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Progestins | |
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Antiprogestins | |
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Oral Contraceptives | |
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Androgens | |
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Antiandrogens | |
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GnRH Agonists and Antagonists | |
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PDE5 Inhibitors | |
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Thyroid and Parathyroid Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Thyroid Replacement Therapy | |
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Drugs That Are Thyroid Downers | |
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Parathyroid Drugs | |
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Insulin, Glucagon, and Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Insulins | |
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | |
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Miscellaneous Drugs | |
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Histamine and Antihistamines | |
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Organization of Class | |
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H<sub>1</sub> Receptor Antagonists | |
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Respiratory Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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�-Agonists | |
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Leukotriene Modifiers | |
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Methylxanthines | |
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Cholinergic Antagonists | |
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Cromolyn and Omalizumab | |
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Pulmonary Hypertension | |
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Drugs that Affect the GI Tract | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Drugs That Act in the Upper GI Tract | |
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Drugs That Act in the Lower GI Tract | |
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Nonnarcotic Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs | |
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Cox-2 Inhibitors | |
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Salicylates, Including Aspirin | |
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Acetaminophen | |
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Other Drugs for Arthritis | |
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Antigout Agents | |
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Drugs Used in the Treatment of Headaches | |
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Immunosuppressives | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Calcineurin Inhibitors | |
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Mycophenolate Mofetil and Azathioprine | |
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Monoclonal Antibodies | |
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Drugs Used in Osteoporosis | |
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Organization of Class | |
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Bisphosphonates | |
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators | |
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Estrogens | |
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Parathyroid Hormone | |
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Calcitonin | |
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Other Agents | |
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Toxicology and Poisoning | |
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Principles of Toxicology | |
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General Principles in the Treatment of Poisoning | |
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Specific Antidotes | |
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Index | |