| |
| |
| Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Telecommunications Networks - The Need for an Alternative Form of Access | |
| |
| |
| Switching | |
| |
| |
| Transport | |
| |
| |
| Access | |
| |
| |
| Replacing the PSTN One Component at a Time | |
| |
| |
| Objections to Wireless Networks | |
| |
| |
| QoS | |
| |
| |
| Security | |
| |
| |
| Interference Mitigation | |
| |
| |
| Economic Advantage of WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Regulatory Aspects of Wireless Networks | |
| |
| |
| Improved Quality of Life with Wireless Networks | |
| |
| |
| Disruptive Technology | |
| |
| |
| Disruption for Telephone Companies | |
| |
| |
| Disruption for Cable TV and Satellite TV Companies | |
| |
| |
| Disruption for Cell Phone Companies | |
| |
| |
| Disruption for the Backhaul Industry | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| WiMAX: The Physical Layer (PHY) | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| The Function of the PHY | |
| |
| |
| OFDM: The "Big So What?!" of WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| TDD and FDD | |
| |
| |
| Adaptive Antenna System (AAS) | |
| |
| |
| WiMAX Variants | |
| |
| |
| OFDM Variants 2-11 GHz | |
| |
| |
| Single Carrier (SC) Variants | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer | |
| |
| |
| The MAC as the "Smarts" for the Physical Layer | |
| |
| |
| The MAC and WiMAX Architecture | |
| |
| |
| Service Classes and QoS | |
| |
| |
| Service-Specific Convergence Sublayers | |
| |
| |
| Common Part Sublayer | |
| |
| |
| Packing and Fragmentation | |
| |
| |
| PDU Creation and Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) | |
| |
| |
| Transmission Convergence (TC) Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
| How WiMAX Works | |
| |
| |
| Channel Acquisition | |
| |
| |
| Initial Ranging and Negotiation of SS Capabilities | |
| |
| |
| SS Authentication and Registration | |
| |
| |
| IP Connectivity | |
| |
| |
| Connection Setup | |
| |
| |
| Radio Link Control (RLC) | |
| |
| |
| The UL | |
| |
| |
| Service Flow | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Quality of Service (QoS) on WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| The Challenge | |
| |
| |
| Legacy QoS Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| FDD/TDD/OFDM | |
| |
| |
| Forward Error Correction (FEC) | |
| |
| |
| Bandwidth Is the Answer - What Was the Question? | |
| |
| |
| QPSK Versus QAM | |
| |
| |
| Multiplexing in OFDM | |
| |
| |
| What OFDM Means to WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| QoS: Error Correction and Interleaving | |
| |
| |
| QoS Measures Specific to the WiMAX Specification | |
| |
| |
| Theory of Operation | |
| |
| |
| Service Flows | |
| |
| |
| The Object Model | |
| |
| |
| Service Classes | |
| |
| |
| Authorization | |
| |
| |
| Types of Service Flows | |
| |
| |
| Service Flow Management | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dealing with Interference with WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Interference - Some Assumptions | |
| |
| |
| Defining Interference or "Think Receiver" | |
| |
| |
| Forms of Interference | |
| |
| |
| Countering Interference | |
| |
| |
| Changing Channels Within the ISM or U-NII Bands | |
| |
| |
| Dealing with Distance | |
| |
| |
| Internal (CoCH) Sources of Interference | |
| |
| |
| OFDM in Overcoming Interference | |
| |
| |
| Handling ISI | |
| |
| |
| Mitigating Interference with Antenna Technology | |
| |
| |
| Multiple Antennas: AAS | |
| |
| |
| Adaptive Antenna (AA) Techniques | |
| |
| |
| Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) | |
| |
| |
| If You Want Interference, Call the Black Ravens | |
| |
| |
| |
| Security and 802.16 WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Security in WiMAX Networks | |
| |
| |
| The Security Sublayer | |
| |
| |
| The PKM Protocol | |
| |
| |
| TEK Exchange Overview | |
| |
| |
| Cryptographic Methods | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| WiMAX VoIP | |
| |
| |
| PSTN Architecture | |
| |
| |
| Voice Over WiMAX-The Challenge | |
| |
| |
| VoIP | |
| |
| |
| Origins of VoIP | |
| |
| |
| How Does VoIP Work? | |
| |
| |
| VoIP Signaling Protocols | |
| |
| |
| Switching | |
| |
| |
| Softswitch (aka Gatekeeper, Media Gateway Controller) | |
| |
| |
| Other Softswitch Components | |
| |
| |
| VoIP and Softswitch Pave the Way for Voice Over WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Objections to VoIP Over WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Objection One: Voice Quality of WiMAX VoIP | |
| |
| |
| Solution: Voice Codecs Designed for VoIP, Especially VoIP Over WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Modifying Voice Codecs to Improve Voice Quality | |
| |
| |
| The QoS Solution: Fix Circuit-Switched Voice Codecs in a Packet Switched, Wireless World with Enhanced Speech-Processing Software | |
| |
| |
| Objection Two: Security for WiMAX VoIP | |
| |
| |
| Objection Three: CALEA and E911 | |
| |
| |
| E911 | |
| |
| |
| Architecture of WiMAX VoIP: Putting It All Together | |
| |
| |
| WiMAX VoIP Phones | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| WiMAX IPTV | |
| |
| |
| WISP WiMAX Triple Play? | |
| |
| |
| IPTV: Competing with Cable TV and Satellite TV | |
| |
| |
| How It Works | |
| |
| |
| Bandwidth and Compression Technologies | |
| |
| |
| Other Video Revenue Streams | |
| |
| |
| Video on Demand | |
| |
| |
| Personal Video Recorder | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion: A TV Station Called WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| |
| Regulatory Aspects of WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Operate Licensed or Unlicensed? | |
| |
| |
| Current Regulatory Environment | |
| |
| |
| Power Limits | |
| |
| |
| WiMAX 802.16 - Its Relationship to FCC Part 15, Section 247 | |
| |
| |
| 802.16 - FCC Part 15, Section 407 | |
| |
| |
| Interference | |
| |
| |
| Laws on Antennas and Towers | |
| |
| |
| New Unlicensed Frequencies | |
| |
| |
| Unlicensed Frequencies Summary | |
| |
| |
| The FCC New Spectrum Policy | |
| |
| |
| Four Problem Areas in Spectrum Management and Their Solutions | |
| |
| |
| Recent Statements from the FCC on Broadband and Spectrum Policy | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| How to Dismantle a PSTN: The Business Case for WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| Overview | |
| |
| |
| Immediate Markets | |
| |
| |
| Secondary Markets | |
| |
| |
| Demographics | |
| |
| |
| Services | |
| |
| |
| Frequency Band Alternatives | |
| |
| |
| Capital Expense (CAPEX) Items | |
| |
| |
| CPE Equipment | |
| |
| |
| Operating Expense (OPEX) Items | |
| |
| |
| The Business Case | |
| |
| |
| Future Markets | |
| |
| |
| Economics of Wireless in the Enterprise | |
| |
| |
| You Can "Take It with You When You Go" | |
| |
| |
| Economics of WiMAX in Public Networks | |
| |
| |
| Economic Benefits of Ubiquitous Broadband | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Projections: WiMAX Is a Disruptive Technology | |
| |
| |
| Disruptive Technology | |
| |
| |
| How WiMAX Will Disrupt the Telephone Industry | |
| |
| |
| Cheaper | |
| |
| |
| Simpler | |
| |
| |
| Smaller | |
| |
| |
| More Convenient to Use | |
| |
| |
| Deconstruction | |
| |
| |
| Goetterdammerung or Creative Destruction in the Telecommunications Industry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Considerations in Building Wireless Networks | |
| |
| |
| Design | |
| |
| |
| Network Topology | |
| |
| |
| Link Type | |
| |
| |
| Environment | |
| |
| |
| Throughput, Range, and Bit Error Rate (BER) | |
| |
| |
| Multipath Fading Tolerance | |
| |
| |
| Link Budget | |
| |
| |
| Frequency Band | |
| |
| |
| Wireless Protocols Preceding WiMAX | |
| |
| |
| 802.11 Summary | |
| |
| |
| Planning | |
| |
| |
| Fresnel Zone | |
| |
| |
| How to Calculate a Link Budget | |
| |
| |
| Site Survey | |
| |
| |
| How to Make a Frequency Plan | |
| |
| |
| Frequency Allocation | |
| |
| |
| Equipment Selection | |
| |
| |
| How to Look at Specs | |
| |
| |
| The WAN/MAN Connection | |
| |
| |
| How to Put a BS Where There Is No Power | |
| |
| |
| How to Overcome Line-of-Sight Limitations | |
| |
| |
| Index | |