Patrick Cusatis, Ph.D. is an assistant professor of finance at Penn State University at Harrisburg and a principal at Applied Finance Partners, LLC. He was formally an investment banker and derivatives portfolio manager and has consulted to many financial institutions and municipalities. He is the coauthor of Municipal Derivative Securities: Uses and Valuation and Streetsmart Guide to Valuing a Stock.Martin Thomas, Ph.D. is a principal at Applied Finance Partners, LLC. He is an Executive in Residence at Drexel University where he teaches graduate courses in Finance in the LeBow College of Business. A former financial services executive, he has extensive expertise helping companies to… develop value-based approaches to financial decision making.