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Preface | |
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The Challenge of Renovation | |
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Terminology | |
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When to Renovate | |
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Beginning a Renovation Project | |
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Typical Structural Challenges | |
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Role of Building Codes in Renovation | |
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Renovation Provisions of Model Building Codes | |
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Renovate or Rebuild? | |
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References | |
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Investigating Existing Conditions | |
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Why Investigate? | |
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Assessing Building Condition | |
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Material Properties in Steel Systems | |
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Concrete Framing | |
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Load Testing of Concrete Structures | |
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Post-Tensioned Concrete Framing | |
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Wood Framing | |
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Masonry | |
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Building Envelope | |
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References | |
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Renovating Steel-Framed Buildings | |
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Steel: The Venerable Material | |
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Past Design Methods and Allowable Stresses for Iron and Steel Beams | |
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Early Iron and Steel Columns | |
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Properties of Early Fasteners | |
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Open-Web Joists | |
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Strengthening Floors | |
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Reinforcing Steel Members by Welding | |
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Reinforcing Beams by Composite Action with Concrete | |
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Strengthening Beam Connections | |
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Composite Steel-Concrete Columns | |
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Openings in Existing Steel Beams | |
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Steel Corrosion: Evaluation and Protection | |
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Thermal Prestressing of Steel Structures | |
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References | |
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Strengthening Concrete Buildings | |
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Historical Perspective | |
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Design Methods of the Past | |
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Properties of Old Concrete and Reinforcing Steel | |
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Some Early Proprietary Systems | |
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Strengthening Concrete Beams | |
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Strengthening Structural Slabs | |
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Strengthening Concrete Columns | |
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Openings in Existing Slabs | |
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References | |
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Repairing Deteriorated Concrete | |
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Overview | |
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Repairing Cracks | |
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Corrosion of Reinforcement and Its Effects on Concrete | |
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Patching Spalls and Deteriorated Areas | |
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Cathodic Protection and Electrochemical Chloride Extraction | |
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Corrosion Inhibitors | |
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Other Types of Damage to Concrete | |
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Materials for Concrete Repair | |
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Durability of Repairs | |
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Systematic Maintenance Programs | |
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References | |
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Renovating Slabs on Grade | |
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Introduction | |
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Field Investigation | |
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Cracking | |
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Surface Deterioration | |
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Slab Settlement, Heaving, and Curling | |
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Joint Failures | |
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Water Penetration or Emission | |
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Chemical Attack | |
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Slab Replacement | |
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Slab Overlays | |
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Improving Abrasion Resistance | |
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Repair of Deteriorated Overlays, Toppings, and Hardeners | |
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References | |
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Renovating Post-Tensioned Concrete | |
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System Overview | |
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Evolution of Post-Tensioned Structures | |
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Typical Reasons for Repair of Post-Tensioned Buildings | |
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Planning for Repairs | |
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Nondestructive Testing | |
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Destructive Testing | |
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Repair Methods | |
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A Step-by-Step Example: Replacing Post-Tensioned Stressing-End Anchorage | |
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References | |
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Renovating Wood Structures | |
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Historical Background | |
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Wood Deterioration | |
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Detecting Deterioration | |
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Preventing Deterioration | |
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Shrinkage and Defects | |
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Repairing Wood Members | |
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Strengthening Wood Members | |
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Renovating Wood Trusses | |
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Case Study 1: Repairing Termite Damage in Trusses | |
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Case Study 2: Restoring Fire Damage to the Exeter Street Theater | |
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References | |
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Renovating Masonry | |
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Masonry as a Construction Material | |
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Evolution of Masonry Design Methods | |
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Evaluation of Masonry Structures | |
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Masonry Repair | |
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Strengthening Masonry Structural Elements | |
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Repairing Masonry Arches | |
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Other Masonry Renovation Tasks | |
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References | |
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Renovating Metal Building Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Evolution of Metal Building Systems | |
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Primary Frames | |
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Expansion of Metal Building Systems | |
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Lateral Stability | |
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Secondary Framing | |
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Wall Materials | |
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Metal Roofing | |
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Insulation and Vapor Retarders | |
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Renovation Checklist | |
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Case Study | |
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References | |
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Strengthening Lateral-Load-Resisting Systems | |
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Lateral-Load Basics | |
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Past Methods of Resisting Lateral Loads | |
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History of Wind and Seismic Codes | |
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Code Provisions for Seismic Upgrading | |
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Typical Elements of Lateral-Load Upgrading | |
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Reinforcing Diaphragms | |
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Reinforcing Wood, Steel, and Masonry Buildings | |
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Reinforcing Concrete Buildings | |
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Energy-Dissipating Devices | |
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Seismic Isolation | |
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Reinforcing Nonstructural Elements | |
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References | |
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Case Studies in Seismic Upgrading | |
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Case 1: Seismic Upgrading of a Former Industrial Building | |
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Case 2: Proposed Renovation of an Unreinforced-Masonry Building | |
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Case 3: Seismic Upgrade of Terminal 1, Oakland International Airport | |
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Case 4: Seismic Retrofit of the Administration Building, San Francisco State University | |
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Renovating Building Facades | |
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General Issues | |
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Curtain-Wall Problems Caused by Structural Forces and Movements | |
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Water Leakage | |
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Rehabilitating Solid Masonry Walls | |
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Brick-Veneer Walls with CMU Backup | |
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Brick-Veneer Walls with Steel Studs | |
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Repairing Brick-Veneer Walls | |
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Repairing Stone and Stone-Panel Walls | |
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Rehabilitating Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems | |
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Rehabilitating Other Wall Types | |
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References | |
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Index | |