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Introduction | |
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Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice | |
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Defining delinquency | |
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What is delinquency? | |
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Who is a juvenile? | |
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Who is a delinquent? | |
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Measuring delinquency: issues and insights | |
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Crime, delinquency, and the media | |
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Science and research designs | |
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Reporting systems for delinquency | |
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Uniform Crime Reports | |
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National juvenile court statistics | |
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Other sources of information about delinquents and delinquency | |
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Responding to delinquency and delinquents | |
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Law enforcement | |
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Courts | |
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Corrections | |
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Providing for juvenile justice: A national perspective | |
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Governmental committees and commissions | |
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Permanent governmental and quasi-governmental agencies | |
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Professional organizations | |
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Private foundations/interest groups | |
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SummaryCritical review questions | |
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Recommended readings | |
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Key terms | |
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References | |
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Notes | |
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Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on Juvenile Justice | |
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Introduction | |
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Historical status of children: The evolution of childhood | |
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Children in Rome and the Middle Ages | |
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The emergence of "childhood" in the Renaissance and Protestant Reformation | |
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Between childhood and adulthood: Creating adolescence | |
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Defining the "good child" in early American history: 1620-1870 | |
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Adolescents and delinquents: 1870-1900 | |
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The juvenile court: A new system for a new century | |
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The Industrial Revolution | |
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Immigration and urbanization | |
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The Progressive Era | |
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Explaining delinquency | |
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Historical views | |
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Spiritual and natural explanations: Precursors of modern crime theories | |
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Crime and deterrence | |
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Crime and biology | |
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Explaining delinquency | |
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Psychological and sociologicaltheories | |
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Delinquency and psychology | |
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Delinquency, sociology and the control of delinquency | |
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Delinquency, sociology and delinquency as a learned behavior | |
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Delinquency, sociology and the role of power | |
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Explaining delinquency | |
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Theoretical eclecticism and pragmatism | |
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Juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice: A modest proposal | |
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Summary | |
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Critical review questions | |
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Recommended readings | |
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Key terms | |
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References | |
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Notes | |
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Juvenile Offenders and Police Processes | |
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Introduction | |
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A brief history of police work with juveniles | |
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Police roles with juvenile offenders | |
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Police styles | |
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The police as gatekeepers | |
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Police discretion | |
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Police and juvenile contacts | |
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Juvenile crime victims | |
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The police response | |
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Citizen-initiated encounters | |
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Family-initiated encounters | |
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School-initiated encounters | |
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Police-initiated encounters | |
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Arrest and restraint | |
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Police use of force | |
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Police identification procedures | |
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Police record keeping | |
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Investigation of juvenile offenses | |
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The interrogation environment | |
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Personal characteristics of the suspect | |
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Traffic versus criminal offenses | |
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Police-school interactions | |
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School police departments | |
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Police officers in the schools | |
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Innovative Police-Juvenile Interaction Programs | |
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Police operations programs | |
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Emerging police roles | |
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SummaryCritical review questions | |
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Recommended readings | |
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Key terms | |
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References | |
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Notes | |
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Preadjudication Detention and Diversion Program | |
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Introduction | |
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Reasons for detention | |
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Places of detention | |
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Juvenile detention centers | |
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Adult jails | |
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Police lockups | |
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Detention decision making | |
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Detention hearings | |
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Alternatives to detention | |
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Alternatives to adjudication | |
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Diversionary philosophy | |
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Diversionary purposes | |
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Diversionary programs | |
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The creation of a "second system" | |
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Why choose diversion? | |
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Operational perspectives | |
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Results of diversion efforts | |
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SummaryCritical review questions | |
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Recommended readings | |
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Key Terms | |
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References | |
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Notes | |
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Juvenile Court Processes | |
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Introduction | |
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Age and the law | |
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A new court is established | |
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The Industrial Revolution | |
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Immigration | |
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The Progressive Era | |
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Parens patriae | |
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Jurisdiction of the juvenile court | |
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Geographical jurisdiction | |
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Age jurisdiction | |
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Subject matter jurisdiction | |
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The actors in the juvenile courts | |
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Judges in juvenile courts | |
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Juvenile court prosecutors | |
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Defense Attorneys | |
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Intake workers/probation officers | |
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Detention staff | |
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Types of hearing | |
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Detention hearings | |
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Transfer hearings | |
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Adjudicatory hearings | |
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Dispositional hearings | |
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Organization and structure of juvenile courts | |
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Issues facing the juvenile courts | |
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Redefinition of juvenile court jurisdiction | |
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Elimination of the juvenile court | |
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Status of the juvenile court | |
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Qualifications of judges | |
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Attorneys in the juvenile court | |
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Transf | |