Foreword | p. xiii |
Preface | p. xv |
Acknowledgments | p. xxi |
Getting Acquainted | p. 1 |
Overview of form[middle dot]Z Objects | p. 1 |
Launching form[middle dot]Z | p. 2 |
Exploring the Basic Interface | p. 3 |
Working with the Tool Palettes | p. 6 |
Getting Help | p. 9 |
Creating Your Own Shortcut Keys | p. 10 |
Communicating with Other Programs | p. 12 |
Letting Yourself Go | p. 15 |
Beginning with 2D: A Complete Session | p. 16 |
Setting the Stage: Starting form[middle dot]Z | p. 16 |
Single-line 2D Mode | p. 16 |
Creating Closed Shapes | p. 17 |
Working with Dialogs and the Tool Options Palette | p. 18 |
Creating Open Shapes | p. 20 |
Double-line 2D Mode | p. 22 |
Cleaning Up: Moving and Deleting | p. 23 |
Changing Views | p. 23 |
Specifying Heights | p. 24 |
Deriving 3D Objects from 2D Shapes | p. 25 |
Changing the Display | p. 26 |
Ending the Show: Printing and Closing | p. 27 |
Direct 3D | p. 29 |
Clearing the Project of All Objects | p. 30 |
3D Object Generation Modes | p. 30 |
Different Object Personalities | p. 31 |
Modeling Primitive 3D Objects | p. 32 |
Creating Spheroids | p. 35 |
Using Predefined Reference Planes | p. 36 |
Some Basic Functions | p. 37 |
Changing Colors | p. 38 |
Using the Perpendicular Lock | p. 38 |
Undoing and Redoing | p. 38 |
Prepicking and Postpicking | p. 40 |
Area Picking | p. 41 |
Other Methods of Selection...and Deselection | p. 42 |
Ghosting and Unghosting Objects, and the Status of Objects Option | p. 43 |
Zooming And Scrolling | p. 44 |
Combining Objects in Various Ways: The Booleans | p. 46 |
Union | p. 47 |
Intersection | p. 48 |
Difference | p. 49 |
Split | p. 49 |
The Color Tool Revisited | p. 50 |
Joining and Separating Volumes | p. 51 |
Assignment: A Simple Pavilion | p. 52 |
Bringing a Sense of Scale | p. 57 |
Sizing Up Your World | p. 58 |
Specifying the Working Units | p. 58 |
Tracking Coordinates | p. 59 |
Direct Numeric Input | p. 60 |
Absolute and Relative Coordinates | p. 61 |
Switching Between the Prompts and Coordinates Palettes | p. 62 |
Cartesian and Polar Coordinates | p. 62 |
Scaled Moves | p. 63 |
Restraining the Cursor | p. 64 |
Setting Up the Graphics Window | p. 64 |
Grid Snapping | p. 66 |
Direction Snapping | p. 67 |
Object Snapping | p. 68 |
Options for Object Snapping | p. 71 |
Transcending Objects: Working at Multiple Levels | p. 73 |
Working with Points, Segments, Outlines, and Faces | p. 73 |
Inserting Points and Segments | p. 75 |
Deleting Topological and Geometrical Entities | p. 76 |
Working with Groups | p. 77 |
Using the Objects Palette | p. 78 |
Querying at Different Levels | p. 82 |
Measuring Distances Using Different Topological Levels | p. 83 |
Executing Transformations and Making Copies | p. 84 |
Elementary Geometric Transformations | p. 85 |
The Self-Copy Modifiers | p. 87 |
Copying and Duplicating | p. 89 |
Defining and Using Macro Transformations | p. 90 |
Transformations Using the Pick Tool | p. 92 |
Editing Lines | p. 95 |
Editing Polycurves and Analytic Primitives | p. 100 |
Insertions: A Convenient Alternative to Booleans | p. 101 |
Inserting Outlines | p. 101 |
Inserting Faces | p. 102 |
Inserting Holes | p. 103 |
Inserting Openings | p. 104 |
Working with Holes and Volumes | p. 105 |
Triangulation: Getting Rid of Non-Planar Faces | p. 105 |
Assignment: An Architectural Block Model | p. 106 |
Personalizing Your Environment | p. 115 |
Your Own Colors and Styles | p. 116 |
Customizing Project Colors | p. 116 |
Creating a New Surface Style | p. 117 |
Editing and Managing Existing Surface Styles | p. 120 |
Controlling the Displays | p. 120 |
Wire Frame Options | p. 121 |
Quick Paint and Surface Render Options | p. 122 |
Hidden Line Options | p. 122 |
Shaded Render Options | p. 123 |
QuickDraw 3D and OpenGL Options | p. 125 |
Working with Layers | p. 126 |
Creating New Layers | p. 127 |
Attributes of a Layer | p. 128 |
Moving Objects Between Layers | p. 129 |
Global Manipulation of Layers | p. 130 |
Working with Layer Groups | p. 131 |
The Layers Dialog | p. 132 |
Using Your Own Reference Planes | p. 133 |
Arbitrary Reference Planes | p. 133 |
Switching Between Predefined and Arbitrary Planes | p. 136 |
Using Arbitrary Plane Coordinates | p. 136 |
Using Multiple Arbitrary Planes | p. 137 |
The Reference Plane Manipulation Tools | p. 139 |
Having Different Views | p. 140 |
Predefined Axonometric Views | p. 140 |
Other Types of 3D Views | p. 143 |
Using the Views Palette | p. 144 |
Creating Customized Views: The Cone of Vision | p. 146 |
The Cone Of Vision Menu | p. 148 |
The View Parameters Dialog | p. 150 |
Setting, Navigating, and Walking Through Views | p. 152 |
Underlays and the Match View Tool | p. 155 |
Associated Windows, Tile Windows, and Window Frames | p. 158 |
Specifying Your Preferences | p. 159 |
Creating and Using Preference Files | p. 160 |
Other Preferences | p. 161 |
Assignment: An Item of Furniture | p. 163 |
Enhancing Your Modeling Capabilities | p. 175 |
Going Round and Up and Down | p. 176 |
Generic Objects of Revolution | p. 176 |
Helixes | p. 179 |
Screws and Bolts | p. 182 |
Spiral Staircases | p. 182 |
Straight Staircases | p. 184 |
Sweeping Your Way Through | p. 186 |
Axial Sweep | p. 186 |
Two Source Sweep | p. 189 |
Two Path Sweep | p. 190 |
Boundary Sweep | p. 191 |
Skinning Your Forms | p. 192 |
Skinning Along a Path | p. 192 |
Skinning Using Anchor Points | p. 195 |
Cross Skinning | p. 196 |
Cutting Your Sections | p. 198 |
2D Sections | p. 199 |
3D Sections | p. 200 |
Contour Cuts | p. 201 |
Moving Over Rugged Terrains | p. 202 |
Meshed Terrain Model | p. 202 |
Stepped Terrain Model | p. 205 |
Triangulated Terrain Model | p. 206 |
Combining Terrain Model Types | p. 206 |
The Remaining Derivatives | p. 207 |
Deriving 2D Objects and Enclosures | p. 207 |
Creating Parallel Objects | p. 208 |
Making Projections | p. 209 |
Unfolding Objects | p. 210 |
Deriving Objects from Other Objects | p. 211 |
Rounding Objects and Drafting Angles | p. 211 |
Plain Rounding | p. 212 |
Controlled Rounding | p. 214 |
Stitch Rounding | p. 216 |
Applying Draft Angles | p. 216 |
Cultivating Attachments | p. 218 |
Point-to-Point Attachments | p. 219 |
Segment-to-Segment Attachments | p. 220 |
Face-to-Face Attachments | p. 222 |
Object-to-Object Attachments | p. 223 |
Repositioning Objects Using Attach | p. 223 |
Alignments, Extensions, and Placements | p. 224 |
Aligning and Distributing Objects | p. 224 |
Extending Segments and Faces | p. 225 |
Placing Objects | p. 226 |
Multiple Placements | p. 228 |
Assignment: Site Planning for Urban Design | p. 230 |
Illuminating and Texturing Your World | p. 237 |
Imaging | p. 238 |
RenderZone Options | p. 238 |
Saving and Viewing Image Files | p. 243 |
Image Options | p. 244 |
Saving Incomplete Renderings | p. 246 |
Plotting and Rendering Memory Management | p. 247 |
Using an Imager Set | p. 249 |
Lights Galore! | p. 252 |
Rendering with Shadows | p. 252 |
Positioning the Sun | p. 254 |
The Light Parameters Dialog | p. 256 |
Distant, Point, Cone, and Projector Lights | p. 259 |
Area Lights | p. 262 |
Custom Lights | p. 264 |
The Lights Palette and Dialog | p. 267 |
Performing an Illumination Analysis | p. 269 |
Radiosity Based Rendering | p. 271 |
Initializing, Generating, and Rendering a Radiosity Solution | p. 272 |
Other Radiosity Basics | p. 273 |
Radiosity Options | p. 274 |
A Closer Look at Textures | p. 278 |
Scaling Textures | p. 278 |
Precise Texture Mapping | p. 279 |
Transformations to Textured Objects | p. 282 |
Mapping Textures to Individual Faces | p. 283 |
Image Mapping | p. 285 |
Decals | p. 289 |
Other Object Properties | p. 291 |
Smooth Shading | p. 292 |
Rendering Attributes | p. 292 |
Setting and Getting Attributes | p. 293 |
Querying for Attributes | p. 294 |
Assignment: A Table Lamp | p. 295 |
Becoming Enmeshed in Your Creations | p. 305 |
Plain and Smooth Meshes | p. 306 |
Plain Meshes | p. 306 |
Plain Mesh Options | p. 307 |
Smooth Meshes | p. 309 |
Smooth Mesh Options | p. 310 |
Reducing Mesh Density | p. 313 |
Moving, Disturbing, and Deforming Meshes | p. 314 |
Moving Meshes | p. 314 |
Creating and Using Profiles | p. 315 |
Mesh Movement Options | p. 316 |
Disturbing Points | p. 318 |
Deforming Objects | p. 320 |
Displacing Meshes | p. 323 |
Image-Based Displacement | p. 323 |
Basic Displacement Options | p. 324 |
Flat Mapping | p. 326 |
Cylindrical and Spherical Mapping | p. 330 |
Controlled Curves and Meshes | p. 331 |
2D Controlled Curves | p. 332 |
3D Controlled Meshes | p. 335 |
Controlled Mesh Options | p. 335 |
Nurbz and Patch Objects | p. 339 |
Nurbz Objects | p. 340 |
Patch Objects | p. 341 |
Dividing and Attaching Patches | p. 343 |
Editing Controls and Surfaces | p. 345 |
Dropping Controls | p. 347 |
Cutting and Gluing Meshes | p. 348 |
Trimming and Splitting Objects | p. 348 |
Trimming with Lines | p. 350 |
Deriving Lines of Intersection | p. 351 |
Stitching Surface Objects | p. 351 |
Assignment: A Curved Roof Structure for a Stadium | p. 353 |
Ending with More | p. 363 |
Writing in 3D | p. 364 |
Placing Text | p. 364 |
Editing Text | p. 365 |
Other Options for Text Placement | p. 367 |
Placing Text Along Paths | p. 368 |
Editing Text Placement Lines | p. 370 |
The Power of Symbols | p. 370 |
Creating Symbols from Objects | p. 371 |
Creating Multiple Definitions of a Symbol | p. 373 |
Placing Symbol Instances into Projects | p. 373 |
Editing and Exploding Symbol Instances | p. 375 |
Updating Symbols Dynamically | p. 376 |
The Metaphysics of Metaformz | p. 377 |
Creating and Evaluating Metaballs | p. 378 |
Metaballs and Metaformz Options | p. 379 |
Editing Metaballs | p. 381 |
Deriving Metaforms from Regular Objects | p. 382 |
Panoramic Views and QuickTime VR | p. 384 |
Panoramic Views | p. 384 |
Generating Panoramic Movies | p. 386 |
Generating Object Movies | p. 387 |
Animating Your World | p. 389 |
Using the Cage Tool | p. 389 |
Creating an Animation from Key Frames | p. 391 |
Previewing Animations Using the Animation Palette | p. 395 |
Generating and Playing Animation Files | p. 396 |
Assignment: Book Cover Design | p. 399 |
Brief Overview of the Drafting Module | p. 409 |
From Modeling to Drafting | p. 409 |
Differences Between the Drafting and Modeling Environments | p. 412 |
Draft Space Versus Layout Space | p. 414 |
The Drafting Tool Palette | p. 415 |
Index | p. 423 |
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