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About the Authors | |
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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Quality Assurance | |
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Quality in History | |
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Quality in Egypt | |
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Biblical View of Quality | |
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Quality in Rome | |
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War Fought over Quality | |
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Franklin Expedition Lost Because of Poor Quality | |
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Quality and the Industrial Revolution | |
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The Effect of Culture on Quality | |
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How to Change a Culture | |
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Quality | |
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What Is Quality? | |
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Quality of design | |
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Conformance to design | |
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Performance | |
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Control and quality assurance | |
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Inspection, Audit, and Surveillance | |
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Types of Nonconformance | |
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Job Responsibilities | |
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QA/QC manager | |
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Quality engineer | |
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Inspection | |
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Receiving inspection | |
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Source inspection | |
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In-process inspection | |
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Final (job shop) | |
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Final (assembly line) | |
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Chief inspector | |
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Special Process | |
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Metrology | |
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Nondestructive testing | |
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Welding | |
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Traditional Manufacturing Organizations | |
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Need for Quality in Today's Business Environment | |
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Marketing | |
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Profit | |
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Liability | |
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Engineering | |
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Manufacturing | |
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Marketing (sales) | |
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Warranty | |
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Manufacturing Methods | |
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Assembly line method | |
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Job shop method | |
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Continuous manufacturing | |
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Successful Quality Control Programs | |
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Prevalent Quality Philosophies | |
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W. Edwards Deming | |
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Joseph M. Juran | |
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Philip B. Crosby | |
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Armand Feigenbaum | |
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Quality Circles | |
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Conclusions | |
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Methods Used to Control Quality | |
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Quality Cost Concepts | |
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Internal failure | |
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External failure | |
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Appraisal | |
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Prevention | |
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Pareto Analysis | |
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Fishbone Analysis | |
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Statistical Quality Control | |
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Design of Experiments | |
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Evolutionary Operations | |
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Quality Circles | |
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Self-Quality Control | |
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Quality Audits | |
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Just-in-Time Delivery | |
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Computer Integrated Manufacturing | |
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Quality Function Deployment | |
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Process Improvement and Problem Solving | |
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ISO-9000--What Is it and from Where Did It Come? | |
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From Where Did It Come? | |
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What Is ISO-9000? | |
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How Is the Standard Structured? | |
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What About the Twenty Elements? | |
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Nondestructive Testing | |
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Inspection Procedures, Codes, and Standards | |
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Inspection, Audit, and Surveillance | |
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Types of Inspection | |
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Incoming inspection | |
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Process inspection | |
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Final inspection | |
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Inspection Procedures | |
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Clear definition of the test progression | |
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Reference standards | |
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Accept/reject criteria | |
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Required test records | |
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Nonconforming product path | |
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Timely critique of test results | |
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Inspector Training and Support | |
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Management support | |
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Inspector training | |
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Inspector's Responsibility | |
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100 Percent Inspection | |
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Inspection Codes and Standards | |
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Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) | |
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Magnetic Theory | |
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Permeability | |
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Retentivity | |
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Residual magnetism | |
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Producing a Magnetic Field | |
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Test Techniques | |
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Circumferential mangnetism | |
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Longitudinal magnetism | |
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Dye Penetrant Testing (DT) | |
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Categories of Penetrants | |
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Selection of Penetrant Type and Process | |
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Sensitivity required | |
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Number of articles to be tested | |
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Surface conditions of the specimen | |
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Configuration of the specimen | |
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Availability of water, electricity, compressed air, and test area | |
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Selection of Equipment and Materials | |
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General Procedures for Dye Penetrant | |
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Precleaning | |
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Penetrant application | |
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Dwell time | |
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Excess penetrant removal | |
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Developer application | |
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Specimen inspection | |
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Postcleaning | |
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Eddy Current Testing | |
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Advantages | |
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Limitations | |
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Principle of Operation | |
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Types of Coils | |
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Coil Arrangements | |
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Single and double | |
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Absolute and differential | |
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Ultrasonic Inspection | |
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Principles of Sound Transmission | |
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Equipment | |
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Transducer | |
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Transmitter/receiver | |
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Display | |
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Screen Presentations | |
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Testing Techniques | |
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Contact method | |
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Immersion method | |
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Testing Process | |
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Selecting the method | |
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Calibrating the equipment | |
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Testing the part | |
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Radiation Safety (RS) | |
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Physics of Radiation | |
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Types of Radiation | |
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What Is an Isotope? | |
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Electromagnetic Radiation | |
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Gamma rays | |
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x-rays | |
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Radiation Safety Regulations | |
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Harmful Effects | |
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Time, Shielding, and Distance | |
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Dose Limits | |
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Radiation Detection Devices | |
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Radiographic Testing | |
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Source of Electromagnetic Radiation | |
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Selecting a Gamma Ray Source | |
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Setting up the Camera | |
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X-Ray Camera Construction | |
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Indicating Media | |
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Determining Radiograph Quality | |
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Statistics and Probability | |
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Distributions | |
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Ungrouped Distribution | |
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Ungrouped Frequency Distribution | |
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Grouped Frequency Distribution | |
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Plotting and Graphing | |
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Histograms | |
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Frequency Polygon | |
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Ogive | |
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Comparison | |
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Normal Distributions | |
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Central Tendency | |
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Mean | |
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Median | |
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Mode | |
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Overview | |
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Dispersion | |
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Range | |
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Standard deviation and variance | |
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Overview | |
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Probability | |
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Classical Approach | |
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Relative Frequency Approach | |
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Objective Approach | |
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Rules of Addition | |
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Rules of Multiplication | |
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Combinations and Permutations | |
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Probability Distributions | |
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Normal Probability Distribution | |
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Binomial Distribution | |
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Poisson Distribution | |
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Bibliography | |
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Glossary | |
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Appendices | |
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Area Under the Normal Curve | |
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Right Tail Area of the X[superscript 2] Distribution | |
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Factors for Estimating [sigma] from R, s, or [sigma][subscript RMS] and [sigma][subscript R] from R | |
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Factors for Determining from R the 3-sigma Control Limits for X and R Charts | |
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Factors for Determining from s and [sigma][subscript RMS] the 3-sigma Control Limits for X and s or [sigma][subscript RMS] Charts | |
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Factors for Determining from [sigma] the 3-sigma Control Limits for X, R, and s or [sigma][subscript RMS] Charts | |
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Random Numbers | |
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Binomial Probabilities | |
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Summation of Terms of Poisson's Exponential Binomial Limit | |
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Index | |