Ancient Africa | p. 1 |
The Beginnings of African History | p. 3 |
The Geographic Base | p. 3 |
The Genesis of Homo Sapiens | p. 9 |
Africa and the Origins of Agriculture | p. 13 |
The Agricultural Revolution in Egypt | p. 17 |
The Distribution of African Populations | p. 21 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 26 |
Africa in the Ancient World | p. 27 |
Egypt and Kush | p. 27 |
Mediterranean Africa | p. 37 |
The Ancient Land of Axum | p. 41 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 45 |
The States of the Western and Central Sudan | p. 47 |
The World of the Desert | p. 47 |
The Ecology of Sahel and Savanna | p. 51 |
Traders in the Sahara and Sudan | p. 54 |
The Golden Commerce | p. 57 |
The Mercantile Civilization | p. 59 |
Sudanic State Systems | p. 63 |
The Kingdom of Ghana | p. 65 |
The Rise and Fall of Mali | p. 67 |
The Empire of Songhai | p. 69 |
Kanem-Bornu and the Hausa States | p. 72 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 78 |
The Cosmopolitan World of East Africa | p. 79 |
The Rise of the City-States | p. 79 |
The Portuguese on the East African Coast | p. 84 |
The Omani Suzerainty | p. 88 |
Ethiopia--The Trials of Isolation | p. 92 |
Christians and Muslims in the Eastern Sudan | p. 100 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 102 |
The West African Forest Civilization | p. 104 |
The Land and the People | p. 104 |
The Daily Life | p. 112 |
Ife, Oyo, and the Rise of the Yoruba | p. 117 |
The People of Benin | p. 119 |
The Kingdom of Dahomey | p. 122 |
The Akan States of Asante and Fante | p. 123 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 127 |
The Great Migrations | p. 129 |
The Civilization of Zimbabwe | p. 129 |
The Bantu Speakers | p. 132 |
Bantu Cultures | p. 136 |
Cushitic and Nilotic Movements | p. 139 |
Some Bantu and Nilotic Communities | p. 141 |
Central African Bantu | p. 141 |
Bunyoro and Buganda | p. 142 |
The Kikuyu | p. 144 |
Turkana Pastoralists | p. 146 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 148 |
The Coming of Europe | p. 150 |
The Roots of European Expansion | p. 150 |
The Imperial Design of Portugal | p. 152 |
The Portuguese in Kongo and Angola | p. 153 |
The Arrival of the Dutch | p. 157 |
The British and French in West Africa | p. 163 |
The Nature of the European Impact | p. 164 |
European Commerce | p. 170 |
Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade | p. 172 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 176 |
Revolutionary Africa | p. 179 |
The Genesis of Modern Africa | p. 181 |
The Age of Revolution | p. 181 |
Muhammad Ali and the Modernization of Egypt | p. 183 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 187 |
Religion and Empire in Western and Central Sudan | p. 188 |
Prelude to the Great Jihads of the Nineteenth Century | p. 188 |
Usuman dan Fodio and the Sokoto Jihad | p. 190 |
Seku Ahmadu in Masina | p. 196 |
The Jihad of al-Hajj Umar | p. 198 |
Al-Kanemi and His Successors in Bornu | p. 200 |
Samori and Rabih | p. 203 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 208 |
The Eastern Sudan--Egyptian Expansionism and the Mahdist Revolution | p. 209 |
Invasion from the North | p. 209 |
The Ecology of Poverty | p. 211 |
Egypt in the Sudan | p. 214 |
The Southern Sudan and the Slave Trade | p. 218 |
Backdrop to the Mahdi | p. 221 |
The Mahdist Revolution | p. 222 |
Epilogue--The Khalifa Abdallahi | p. 225 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 227 |
Population Explosions in Southern Africa | p. 228 |
Mfecane--The Road from Zululand | p. 228 |
Central Africa and the Great Ngoni Trek | p. 233 |
The Search for Security--Sebetwane and Mzilikazi | p. 236 |
Moshoeshoe and the Diplomacy of Self-Defense | p. 239 |
The Boer Trekkers | p. 241 |
The Shape of Things to Come--South Africa at Mid-Century | p. 245 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 250 |
West Africa and Europe's Humanitarian Revolution | p. 252 |
The Enlightenment in West Africa | p. 252 |
Colonization, Christianity, and Commerce | p. 255 |
Senegal--The Jacobin Heritage | p. 258 |
The Bible and the Plough | p. 259 |
West African Kingdoms in the Nineteenth Century | p. 264 |
The Vanishing Dream | p. 268 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 273 |
Commerce and Statecraft in Eastern and Central Africa | p. 275 |
The Rise of International Trade | p. 275 |
The Economic Imperialism of Sayyid Said | p. 279 |
Firearms and the Shifting Ecology of the Interior | p. 283 |
Mirambo, Tippu Tip, and the Demise of Merchant Imperialism | p. 286 |
Buganda and the International Trade | p. 289 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 291 |
Colonial Africa | p. 293 |
The Partition of Africa | p. 295 |
The Berlin Conference | p. 295 |
Partition--The Causes | p. 298 |
Partition--The Process | p. 303 |
Partition--The African Response | p. 310 |
Modernization and Independence in Ethiopia | p. 314 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 320 |
Early Nationalist Stirrings in West Africa | p. 322 |
Adaptation and Survival | p. 322 |
Politics and Commerce in Senegal | p. 324 |
Sierra Leone and African Nationalist Self-Consciousness | p. 328 |
Edward Blyden Creates a Philosophy of African Nationalism | p. 331 |
Liberia and the Tribulations of Independence | p. 335 |
The Demise of the Forest Kingdoms | p. 337 |
Abortive Alliance--The Westernized Africans and the Traditional Authorities | p. 340 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 344 |
The Foundations of Progress and Poverty in Southern Africa | p. 345 |
The Birth of a New Society | p. 345 |
Britain and Complexities of Colonial Stewardship | p. 346 |
The Revolution of Diamonds and Gold | p. 348 |
The Road to Union | p. 352 |
The Other Union | p. 358 |
Beyond the Limpopo-- | p. 363 |
--And Across the Zambezi | p. 368 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 374 |
Colonialism and Nation Making in East Africa | p. 375 |
The Logic of European Imperialism | p. 375 |
British Paternalism in Uganda | p. 376 |
Kenya--Racialism in a Colonial Society | p. 380 |
Kenya--Alien Rule and African Response | p. 384 |
Kenya--The Onset of African Political and Social Aspirations | p. 386 |
The Tanganyikan Colony and Mandate | p. 389 |
Multiple Colonialism in Zanzibar | p. 392 |
British Rule and Nationalist Stirrings in the Nile Valley | p. 394 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 397 |
Between Two World Wars--Nationalist Frustrations in West Africa | p. 399 |
West Africa and the First World War | p. 399 |
The Theory and Practice of Colonial Administration | p. 400 |
Nationalist Politics in West Africa Between the Two World Wars | p. 404 |
The National Congress of British West Africa | p. 414 |
The Pan-African Movement | p. 416 |
Liberia and African Nationalism | p. 419 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 422 |
In the Heart of Darkness | p. 424 |
The Unity of Diversity | p. 424 |
The Belgian Congo | p. 425 |
French Equatorial Africa | p. 433 |
Portuguese Angola and Mozambique | p. 438 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 442 |
The Two Societies of Southern Africa | p. 444 |
Apartheid--Colonialism in South Africa | p. 444 |
Apartheid and the Republic of South Africa | p. 451 |
African Nationalism in South Africa | p. 453 |
South-West Africa and the High Commission Territories | p. 458 |
The Theory and Practice of Partnership in Central Africa | p. 460 |
The Rise and Fall of Federation in Central Africa | p. 464 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 469 |
Independent Africa | p. 471 |
Toward Independence | p. 473 |
The Foundations of Freedom | p. 473 |
The Changing World | p. 479 |
Independence Movements in the Northeast | p. 481 |
The West African Catalyst | p. 484 |
Independence--The French-African Variant | p. 491 |
The Crisis of Independence in the Congo | p. 495 |
East African Uhuru | p. 499 |
Black and White Independence in Central Africa | p. 507 |
The Haves and the Have-Nots | p. 511 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 512 |
Independence Economics | p. 515 |
The Meaning of Freedom | p. 515 |
Alternatives of Economic Development | p. 516 |
The Problems of Modernization | p. 520 |
Agriculture | p. 520 |
Mining | p. 523 |
Industry | p. 525 |
The Vagaries of Economic Growth | p. 528 |
The Crisis of Foreign Debt | p. 534 |
A Faltering Development | p. 536 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 539 |
States and Nations | p. 540 |
The Indispensable Unity | p. 540 |
Decline of the Parties | p. 541 |
The Soldiers | p. 549 |
Civil War | p. 553 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 563 |
Disintegrating Citadels in the South | p. 564 |
Portugal Bows Out | p. 564 |
From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe | p. 568 |
Namibia--The Last African Colony | p. 572 |
The Afrikaner Laager | p. 574 |
"Freedom in Our Lifetime" | p. 578 |
A New South Africa | p. 582 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 583 |
African Cultural Independence--Ideals and Complexities | p. 585 |
Negritude | p. 585 |
An Independent African Civilization | p. 589 |
Europe and the African Personality | p. 592 |
The Victims | p. 596 |
Independence and the African Woman | p. 599 |
Ecological Imperatives | p. 602 |
Economic Development and the Wars | p. 605 |
Suggestions for Further Reading | p. 607 |
Index | p. 609 |
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