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| About the Author | |
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| Preface to the Fifth Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| The First Aeronautical Engineers | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Very Early Developments | |
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| Sir George Cayley (1773-1857)--The True Inventor of the Airplane | |
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| The Interregnum--From 1853 to 1891 | |
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| Otto Lilienthal (1848-1896)--The Glider Man | |
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| Percy Pilcher (1867-1899)--Extending the Glider Tradition | |
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| Aeronautics Comes to America | |
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| Wilbur (1867-1912) and Orville (1871-1948) Wright--Inventors of the First Practical Airplane | |
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| The Aeronautical Triangle--Langley, the Wrights, and Glenn Curtiss | |
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| The Problem of Propulsion | |
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| Faster and Higher | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Fundamental Thoughts | |
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| Fundamental Physical Quantities of a Flowing Gas | |
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| Pressure | |
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| Density | |
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| Temperature | |
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| Flow Velocity and Streamlines | |
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| The Source of All Aerodynamic Forces | |
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| Equation of State for a Perfect Gas | |
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| Discussion of Units | |
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| Specific Volume | |
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| Anatomy of the Airplane | |
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| Anatomy of a Space Vehicle | |
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| Historical Note: The NACA and NASA | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| The Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Definition of Altitude | |
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| Hydrostatic Equation | |
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| Relation Between Geopotential and Geometric Altitudes | |
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| Definition of the Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Pressure, Temperature, and Density Altitudes | |
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| Historical Note: The Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Basic Aerodynamics | |
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| Continuity Equation | |
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| Incompressible and Compressible Flow | |
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| Momentum Equation | |
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| A Comment | |
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| Elementary Thermodynamics | |
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| Isentropic Flow | |
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| Energy Equation | |
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| Summary of Equations | |
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| Speed of Sound | |
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| Low-Speed Subsonic Wind Tunnels | |
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| Measurement of Airspeed | |
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| Incompressible Flow | |
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| Subsonic Compressible Flow | |
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| Supersonic Flow | |
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| Summary | |
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| Some Additional Considerations | |
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| More on Compressible Flow | |
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| More on Equivalent Airspeed | |
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| Supersonic Wind Tunnels and Rocket Engines | |
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| Discussion of Compressibility | |
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| Introduction to Viscous Flow | |
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| Results for a Laminar Boundary Layer | |
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| Results for a Turbulent Boundary Layer | |
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| Compressibility Effects on Skin Friction | |
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| Transition | |
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| Flow Separation | |
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| Summary of Viscous Effects on Drag | |
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| Historical Note: Bernoulli and Euler | |
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| Historical Note: The Pitot Tube | |
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| Historical Note: The First Wind Tunnels | |
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| Historical Note: Osborne Reynolds and His Number | |
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| Historical Note: Prandtl and the Development of the Boundary Layer Concept | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Airfoils, Wings, and Other Aerodynamic Shapes | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Airfoil Nomenclature | |
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| Lift, Drag, and Moment Coefficients | |
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| Airfoil Data | |
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| Infinite Versus Finite Wings | |
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| Pressure Coefficient | |
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| Obtaining Lift Coefficient from C[subscript p] | |
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| Compressibility Correction for Lift Coefficient | |
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| Critical Mach Number and Critical Pressure Coefficient | |
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| Drag-Divergence Mach Number | |
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| Wave Drag (at Supersonic Speeds) | |
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| Summary of Airfoil Drag | |
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| Finite Wings | |
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| Calculation of Induced Drag | |
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| Change in the Lift Slope | |
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| Swept Wings | |
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| Flaps--A Mechanism for High Lift | |
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| Aerodynamics of Cylinders and Spheres | |
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| How Lift Is Produced--Some Alternate Explanations | |
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| Historical Note: Airfoils and Wings | |
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| The Wright Brothers | |
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| British and U.S. Airfoils (1910 to 1920) | |
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| 1920 to 1930 | |
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| Early NACA Four-Digit Airfoils | |
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| Later NACA Airfoils | |
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| Modern Airfoil Work | |
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| Finite Wings | |
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| Historical Note: Ernst Mach and His Number | |
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| Historical Note: The First Manned Supersonic Flight | |
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| Historical Note: The X-15--First Manned Hypersonic Airplane and Stepping-Stone to the Space Shuttle | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Elements of Airplane Performance | |
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| Introduction: The Drag Polar | |
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| Equations of Motion | |
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| Thrust Required for Level, Unaccelerated Flight | |
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| Thrust Available and Maximum Velocity | |
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| Power Required for Level, Unaccelerated Flight | |
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| Power Available and Maximum Velocity | |
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| Reciprocating Engine-Propeller Combination | |
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| Jet Engine | |
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| Altitude Effects on Power Required and Available | |
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| Rate of Climb | |
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| Gliding Flight | |
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| Absolute and Service Ceilings | |
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| Time to Climb | |
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| Range and Endurance--Propeller-Driven Airplane | |
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| Physical Considerations | |
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| Quantitative Formulation | |
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| Breguet Formulas (Propeller-Driven Airplane) | |
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| Range and Endurance--Jet Airplane | |
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| Physical Considerations | |
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| Quantitative Formulation | |
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| Relations Between C[subscript D,0] and C[subscript D,i] | |
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| Takeoff Performance | |
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| Landing Performance | |
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| Turning Flight and the V-n Diagram | |
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| Accelerated Rate of Climb (Energy Method) | |
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| Special Considerations for Supersonic Airplanes | |
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| Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) | |
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| A Comment, and More on the Aspect Ratio | |
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| Historical Note: Drag Reduction--The NACA Cowling and the Fillet | |
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| Historical Note: Early Predictions of Airplane Performance | |
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| Historical Note: Breguet and the Range Formula | |
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| Historical Note: Aircraft Design--Evolution and Revolution | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Principles of Stability and Control | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definition of Stability and Control | |
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| Static Stability | |
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| Dynamic Stability | |
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| Control | |
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| Partial Derivative | |
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| Moments on the Airplane | |
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| Absolute Angle of Attack | |
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| Criteria for Longitudinal Static Stability | |
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| Quantitative Discussion: Contribution of the Wing to M[subscript cg] | |
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| Contribution of the Tail to M[subscript cg] | |
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| Total Pitching Moment About the Center of Gravity | |
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| Equations for Longitudinal Static Stability | |
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| Neutral Point | |
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| Static Margin | |
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| Concept of Static Longitudinal Control | |
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| Calculation of Elevator Angle to Trim | |
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| Stick-Fixed Versus Stick-Free Static Stability | |
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| Elevator Hinge Moment | |
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| Stick-Free Longitudinal Static Stability | |
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| Directional Static Stability | |
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| Lateral Static Stability | |
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| A Comment | |
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| Historical Note: The Wright Brothers Versus the European Philosophy on Stability and Control | |
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| Historical Note: The Development of Flight Controls | |
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| Historical Note: The "Tuck-Under" Problem | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Space Flight (Astronautics) | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Differential Equations | |
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| Lagrange's Equation | |
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| Orbit Equation | |
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| Force and Energy | |
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| Equation of Motion | |
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| Space Vehicle Trajectories--Some Basic Aspects | |
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| Kepler's Laws | |
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| Introduction to Earth and Planetary Entry | |
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| Exponential Atmosphere | |
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| General Equations of Motion for Atmospheric Entry | |
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| Application to Ballistic Entry | |
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| Entry Heating | |
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| Lifting Entry, with Application to the Space Shuttle | |
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| Historical Note: Kepler | |
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| Historical Note: Newton and the Law of Gravitation | |
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| Historical Note: Lagrange | |
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| Historical Note: Unmanned Space Flight | |
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| Historical Note: Manned Space Flight | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Propulsion | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Propeller | |
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| Reciprocating Engine | |
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| Jet Propulsion--The Thrust Equation | |
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| Turbojet Engine | |
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| Turbofan Engine | |
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| Ramjet Engine | |
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| Rocket Engine | |
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| Rocket Propellants--Some Considerations | |
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| Liquid Propellants | |
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| Solid Propellants | |
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| A Comment | |
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| Rocket Equation | |
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| Rocket Staging | |
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| Electric Propulsion | |
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| Electron-Ion Thruster | |
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| Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster | |
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| Arc-Jet Thruster | |
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| A Comment | |
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| Historical Note: Early Propeller Development | |
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| Historical Note: Early Development of the Internal Combustion Engine for Aviation | |
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| Historical Note: Inventors of Early Jet Engines | |
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| Historical Note: Early History of Rocket Engines | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Flight Vehicle Structures and Materials | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Some Physics of Solid Materials | |
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| Stress | |
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| Strain | |
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| Other Cases | |
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| Stress-Strain Diagram | |
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| Some Elements of an Aircraft Structure | |
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| Materials | |
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| Fatigue | |
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| Some Comments | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Hypersonic Vehicles | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Physical Aspects of Hypersonic Flow | |
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| Thin Shock Layers | |
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| Entropy Layer | |
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| Viscous Interaction | |
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| High-Temperature Effects | |
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| Low-Density Flow | |
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| Recapitulation | |
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| Newtonian Law for Hypersonic Flow | |
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| Some Comments on Hypersonic Airplanes | |
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| Summary | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Problems | |
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| Standard Atmosphere, SI Units | |
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| Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units | |
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| Symbols and Conversion Factors | |
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| Airfoil Data | |
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| Index | |