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| Introduction: Why Holographic Imaging? | |
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| About this Volume1 | |
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| The Window View Upon Reality | |
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| Holograms and Perception | |
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| Provoking Spatial Perceptions | |
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| Optical Information | |
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| Light as Waves and Rays | |
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| Capturing the Directions of Rays | |
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| Classical Optical Techniques | |
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| Holographic Direction Recording | |
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| Origins of Holography | |
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| Application Areas | |
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| Styles of Analysis | |
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| Light as Waves | |
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| Light | |
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| Wave Shapes | |
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| Light as Repetitive Waves | |
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| Light as Sinusoidal Waves | |
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| Coherence in Waves | |
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| E&M Nature of the Waves | |
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| Intensity (Irradiance) | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Waves and Phases | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Wave Phase | |
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| Radius of Curvature | |
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| The Local Inclination and Divergence of a Complex Wave | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Two-Beam Interference | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Quantitative Discussion of Interference Contrast | |
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| The Geometry of Interference Fringes | |
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| Simple Interference Patterns | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Diffraction | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Diffraction by Periodic Structures | |
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| Single-Slit Diffraction | |
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| The Use of Lenses47 | |
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| Viewing Diffraction Patterns With the Eye | |
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| Styles of Diffraction Analysis | |
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| The Grating Equation | |
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| Spatial Frequency | |
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| Grating Example | |
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| Off-Axis Grating Equation | |
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| Diffraction by a Sinusoidal Grating | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| The Diffraction Efficiency of Gratings | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definition of Diffraction Efficiency | |
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| Transmission Patterns | |
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| Thick Gratings | |
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| 'Platonic' Holography | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Object Beam | |
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| The Reference Beam | |
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| The Interference Pattern | |
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| The Holographic Recording Material | |
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| The Holographic Transmittance Pattern | |
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| The Illuminating Beam | |
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| A Proof of Holography | |
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| The Other Reconstructed Components | |
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| Arbitrary Wavefronts | |
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| Diffraction Efficiency | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| A Ray-Tracing Analysis of Holography | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Mathematical Ray-Tracing | |
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| Numerical Example | |
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| Comparison of Paraxial Hologram and Lens Optics | |
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| Three-Dimensional Ray-Tracing | |
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| Conclusions86 | |
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| Holographic Lenses and In-Line 'Gabor' Holography | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Transition to Wavefront Curvature | |
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| Phase Footprints, Again | |
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| In-Line Interference, Again | |
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| Transmittance Proof of the Focus Equation | |
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| In-Line (Gabor) Holograms | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Off-Axis 'Leith & Upatnieks' Holography | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Implications of Off-Axis Holography | |
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| Interference and Diffraction in Off-Axis Holograms | |
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| Models for Off-Axis Holograms | |
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| Image Magnification | |
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| Intermodulation Noise | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Non-Laser Illumination of Holograms | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Problems with Laser Illumination | |
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| Sources of Image Blur | |
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| Narrow-Band Illumination | |
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| Point-Source White Illumination | |
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| Image Depth Effects | |
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| Other Approaches | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Phase Conjugation and Real Image Projection | |
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| Real Image Projection Techniques | |
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| Phase Conjugation--a Descriptive Approach | |
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| Perfect Conjugate Illumination (Examples) | |
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| Collimator Choices | |
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| Perfect Conjugate Illumination (More Examples) | |
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| Effects of Imperfect Conjugates | |
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| Image Location (Analytical) | |
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| Image Magnification | |
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| Relation to the Lens and Prism-Pair Model | |
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| Image Aberrations--Astigmatism | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Full-Aperture Transfer Holography | |
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| Full-Aperture Transfers | |
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| Further Discussion of H1-H2 Technique | |
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| The Holo-Centric Coordinate System | |
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| Example | |
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| Sepa | |