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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| A Special Tribute to Rudolf Kingslake | |
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| The Work of the Lens Designer | |
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| Relations Between Designer and Factory | |
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| The Design Procedure | |
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| Optical Materials | |
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| Interpolation of Refractive Indices | |
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| Lens Types to be Considered | |
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| Meridional Ray Tracing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Graphical Ray Tracing | |
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| Trigonometrical Ray Tracing at a Spherical Surface | |
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| Some Useful Relations | |
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| Cemented Doublet Objective | |
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| Ray Tracing at a Tilted Surface | |
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| Ray Tracing at an Aspheric Surface | |
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| Paraxial Rays and First-Order Optics | |
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| Tracing a Paraxial Ray | |
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| Magnification and the Lagrange Theorem | |
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| The Gaussian Optics of a Lens System | |
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| First-Order Layout of an Optical System | |
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| Thin-Lens Layout of Zoom Systems | |
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| Aberration Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Symmetrical Optical Systems | |
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| Aberration Determination Using Ray Trace Data | |
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| Calculation of Seidel Aberration Coefficients | |
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| Chromatic Aberration | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Spherochromatism of a Cemented Doublet | |
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| Contribution of a Single Surface to the Primary Chromatic Aberration | |
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| Contribution of a Thin Element in a System to the Paraxial Chromatic Aberration | |
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| Paraxial Secondary Spectrum | |
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| Predesign of a Thin Three-Lens Apochromat | |
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| The Separated Thin-Lens Achromatic (Dialyte) | |
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| Chromatic Aberration Tolerances | |
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| Chromatic Aberration at Finite Aperture | |
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| Spherical Aberration | |
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| Surface Contribution Formulas | |
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| Zonal Spherical Aberration | |
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| Primary Spherical Aberration | |
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| The Image Displacement Caused by a Plano parallel Plate | |
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| Spherical Aberration Tolerances | |
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| Design of a Spherically Corrected Achromat | |
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| The Four-Ray Method | |
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| A Thin-Lens Predesign | |
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| Correction of Zonal Spherical Aberration | |
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| Design of an Apochromatic Objective | |
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| Oblique Beams | |
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| Passage of an Oblique Beam through a Spherical Surface | |
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| Tracing Oblique Meridional Rays | |
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| Tracing a Skew Ray | |
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| Graphical Representation of Skew-Ray Aberrations | |
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| Ray Distribution from a Single Zone of a Lens | |
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| Coma and the Sine Condition | |
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| The Optical Sine Theorem | |
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| The Abbe Sine Condition | |
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| Offense Against the Sine Condition | |
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| Illustration of Comatic Error | |
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| Design of Aplanatic Objectives | |
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| Broken-Contact Type | |
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| Parallel Air-Space Type | |
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| An Aplanatic Cemented Doublet | |
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| A Triple Cemented Aplanat | |
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| An Aplanat with a Buried Achromatizing Surface | |
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| The Matching Principle | |
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| The Oblique Aberrations | |
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| Astigmatism and the Coddington Equations | |
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| The Petzval Theorem | |
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| Illustration of Astigmatic Error | |
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| Distortion | |
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| Lateral Color | |
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| The Symmetrical Principle | |
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| Computation of the Seidel Aberrations | |
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| Lenses in Which Stop Position Is a Degree of Freedom | |
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| The H′ - L Plot | |
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| Simple Landscape Lenses | |
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| A Periscopic Lens | |
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| Achromatic Landscape Lenses | |
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| Achromatic Double Lenses | |
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| Symmetrical Double Anastigmats with Fixed Stop | |
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| The Design of a Dagor Lens | |
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| The Design of an Air-Spaced Dialyte Lens | |
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| A Double-Gauss-Type Lens | |
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| Double-Gauss Lens with Cemented Triplets | |
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| Double-Gauss Lens with Air-spaced Negative Doublets | |
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| Unsymmetrical Photographic Objectives | |
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| The Petzval Portrait Lens | |
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| The Design of a Telephoto Lens | |
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| Lenses to Change Magnification | |
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| The Protar Lens | |
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| Design of a Tessar Lens | |
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| The Cooke Triplet Lens | |
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| Mirror and Catadioptric Systems | |
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| Comparison of Mirrors and Lenses | |
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| Ray Tracing a Mirror System | |
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| Single-Mirror Systems | |
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| Single-Mirror Catadioptric Systems | |
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| Two-Mirror Systems | |
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| Multiple-Mirror Zoom Systems | |
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| Summary | |
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| Eyepiece Design | |
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| Design of a Military-Type Eyepiece | |
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| Design of an Erfle Eyepiece | |
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| Design of a Galilean Viewfinder | |
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| Automatic Lens Improvement Programs | |
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| Finding a Lens Design Solution | |
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| Optimization Principles | |
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| Weights and Balancing Aberrations | |
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| Control of Boundary Conditions | |
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| Tolerances | |
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| Program Limitations | |
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| Lens Design Computing Development | |
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| Programs and Books Useful for Automatic Lens Design | |
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| Appendix: A Selected Bibliography of Writings | |
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| Index | |